Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the CT morphology features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas (PSHs) and improve the diagnosis ability of this disease.Methods: The 18 cases of pulmonary sclerosing hema...Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the CT morphology features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas (PSHs) and improve the diagnosis ability of this disease.Methods: The 18 cases of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH) confirmed by operation and histopathology from August 2002 to May 2009 were collected,including 17 females and 2 males,aged from 19 to 60 years old,with an average age of 43 years.All the cases underwent plain CT scan,among them,16 cases received enhanced CT scan.Results: The 18 cases had isolated mass.Mean long-axis diameter of these lesions was (2.7 ± 1.3) cm (range,1.9–4.2 cm).Of all cases,5 cases (27.8%) were round in shape,9 cases (50%) were oval,4 cases (22.2%) were lobulated,and 14 cases (77.8%) were smooth margin.The air meniscus sign was in 2 cases (11.1%),and the halo sign in 3 cases (16.7%).Two cases (11.1%) contained small nodular calcification,the remaining 16 cases (70%) were homogeneous density,the CT density of the masses ranged from 24–47 HU,and the mean value was 35 HU.Sixteen cases received enhanced scan,the welt vessel sign was in 8 cases (44.4%),1 case showed less enhancement,5 cases showed marked homogeneous enhancement and 10 cases showed intense and patchy heterogeneous enhanced.The CT density of the enhancing masses ranged from 60–110 HU,the mean value was 35 HU,and the net enhancement value was 14–80 HU,the mean value was 55 HU.Conclusion: PSH should be considered in middle-aged female whose CT found that single round or oval pulmonary nodules,with smooth margin,or associated with the air meniscus sign,the halo sign,or the marked enhancement.展开更多
Background： Poor sleep quality is associated with adverse effects on health outcomes. It is not clear whether exercise can improve sleep quality and whether intensity of exercise affects any of the effects. Methods：...Background： Poor sleep quality is associated with adverse effects on health outcomes. It is not clear whether exercise can improve sleep quality and whether intensity of exercise affects any of the effects. Methods： Fifteen healthy, non-obese （body mass index = 24.4 ± 2.1 kg/m^2, mean 4- SD）, sedentary （〈20 min of exercise on no more than 3 times/week） older women （66.1 ± 3.9 years） volunteered for the study. Peak oxygen consumption （VO2peak） was evaluated using a graded exercise test on a treadmill with a metabolic cart. Following a 7-day baseline period, each participant completed two exercise sessions （separated by 1 week） with equal caloric expenditure, but at different intensities （60% and 45% VO2peak, sequence randomized） between 9：00 and 11：00 am. A wrist ActiGraph monitor was used to assess sleep at baseline and two nights following each exercise session. Results： The average duration of the exercise was 54 and 72 rain, respectively at 60% （moderate-intensity） and 45% VO2peak （light-intensity）. Wake time after sleep onset was significantly shorter （p = 0.016）, the number of awakenings was less （p = 0.046）, and total activity counts were lower （p = 0.05） after the moderate-intensity exercise compared to baseline no-exercise condition. Conclusion： Our data showed that a single moderate-intensity aerobic exercise session improved sleep quality in older women.展开更多
＂Acquisition of knowledge is binding on all Muslims＂ （al-Sunan 1：81 ~224）. This Hadith, sayings or actions of the prophet Muhammad （MPBUH）l, indicates that there is no preference based on sex in getting access ...＂Acquisition of knowledge is binding on all Muslims＂ （al-Sunan 1：81 ~224）. This Hadith, sayings or actions of the prophet Muhammad （MPBUH）l, indicates that there is no preference based on sex in getting access to education in Islam; however, there is a growing misconception among the people of other religions that Islam constrains Muslim girls from getting education. This paper reviews literature and two authentic sources of Islamic scriptures, which are the Holy Qura＇an and the Ahadith to position the girls＇ education in purview of Islam. It further examines the possible reasons for conflicting interpretations of Islamic teachings. It concludes that Islam does not restrict girls from getting education. It recommends further systematic studies for exploring the reasons for the projection of distorted images of Islam.展开更多
Abstract In many animal species, males direct more intense courtship towards females they have not previously encountered, than towards females with which they have previously mated. To test the factors responsible fo...Abstract In many animal species, males direct more intense courtship towards females they have not previously encountered, than towards females with which they have previously mated. To test the factors responsible for this ＂Coolidge Effect＂, we need studies on a wide range of taxa - including those with mating systems in which we would not expect （based on current theory） that such an effect would be evident. The Coolidge Effect has been documented in several lizard species, but has not been looked for （and would not be expected） in snakes. We conducted experimental trials with red-sided garter snakes Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis at a communal den in Manitoba, to see whether previous exposure to a female （either courting, or courting plus mating） modified male mate choice or courtship intensity. In keeping with prediction from theory （but contrary to an early anecdotal report）, male garter snakes did not modify their courtship behaviour based upon their familiarity （or lack thereof） with a specific female. At least in large courting aggregations, male snakes may maximize their fitness by basing mate-choice upon immediate attributes of the female （body size, condition, mated status） and the intensity of competition （numbers and sizes of rival males） rather than information derived from previous sexual encounters .展开更多
文摘Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the CT morphology features of pulmonary sclerosing hemangiomas (PSHs) and improve the diagnosis ability of this disease.Methods: The 18 cases of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma (PSH) confirmed by operation and histopathology from August 2002 to May 2009 were collected,including 17 females and 2 males,aged from 19 to 60 years old,with an average age of 43 years.All the cases underwent plain CT scan,among them,16 cases received enhanced CT scan.Results: The 18 cases had isolated mass.Mean long-axis diameter of these lesions was (2.7 ± 1.3) cm (range,1.9–4.2 cm).Of all cases,5 cases (27.8%) were round in shape,9 cases (50%) were oval,4 cases (22.2%) were lobulated,and 14 cases (77.8%) were smooth margin.The air meniscus sign was in 2 cases (11.1%),and the halo sign in 3 cases (16.7%).Two cases (11.1%) contained small nodular calcification,the remaining 16 cases (70%) were homogeneous density,the CT density of the masses ranged from 24–47 HU,and the mean value was 35 HU.Sixteen cases received enhanced scan,the welt vessel sign was in 8 cases (44.4%),1 case showed less enhancement,5 cases showed marked homogeneous enhancement and 10 cases showed intense and patchy heterogeneous enhanced.The CT density of the enhancing masses ranged from 60–110 HU,the mean value was 35 HU,and the net enhancement value was 14–80 HU,the mean value was 55 HU.Conclusion: PSH should be considered in middle-aged female whose CT found that single round or oval pulmonary nodules,with smooth margin,or associated with the air meniscus sign,the halo sign,or the marked enhancement.
基金US National Institutes of Health Grants(K99AG031297 and RR024992)(Washington University School of Medicine Clinical Translational Science Award)
文摘Background： Poor sleep quality is associated with adverse effects on health outcomes. It is not clear whether exercise can improve sleep quality and whether intensity of exercise affects any of the effects. Methods： Fifteen healthy, non-obese （body mass index = 24.4 ± 2.1 kg/m^2, mean 4- SD）, sedentary （〈20 min of exercise on no more than 3 times/week） older women （66.1 ± 3.9 years） volunteered for the study. Peak oxygen consumption （VO2peak） was evaluated using a graded exercise test on a treadmill with a metabolic cart. Following a 7-day baseline period, each participant completed two exercise sessions （separated by 1 week） with equal caloric expenditure, but at different intensities （60% and 45% VO2peak, sequence randomized） between 9：00 and 11：00 am. A wrist ActiGraph monitor was used to assess sleep at baseline and two nights following each exercise session. Results： The average duration of the exercise was 54 and 72 rain, respectively at 60% （moderate-intensity） and 45% VO2peak （light-intensity）. Wake time after sleep onset was significantly shorter （p = 0.016）, the number of awakenings was less （p = 0.046）, and total activity counts were lower （p = 0.05） after the moderate-intensity exercise compared to baseline no-exercise condition. Conclusion： Our data showed that a single moderate-intensity aerobic exercise session improved sleep quality in older women.
文摘＂Acquisition of knowledge is binding on all Muslims＂ （al-Sunan 1：81 ~224）. This Hadith, sayings or actions of the prophet Muhammad （MPBUH）l, indicates that there is no preference based on sex in getting access to education in Islam; however, there is a growing misconception among the people of other religions that Islam constrains Muslim girls from getting education. This paper reviews literature and two authentic sources of Islamic scriptures, which are the Holy Qura＇an and the Ahadith to position the girls＇ education in purview of Islam. It further examines the possible reasons for conflicting interpretations of Islamic teachings. It concludes that Islam does not restrict girls from getting education. It recommends further systematic studies for exploring the reasons for the projection of distorted images of Islam.
基金We thank A1 and Gerry Johnson for assistance, and the Manitoba Dept. of Natural Resources （especially Dave Roberts） for permits. Financial support was provided by the Australian Research Council and the Austra- lian Academy of Science （to RS）, and by the National Science Foundation （IBN-9357245） and the Whitehall Foundation （W95-04） to RTM. Research was conducted under the author- ity of Oregon State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol No. LAR-1848B. All research was conducted in accord with the US Public Health Service ＇Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals＇ and the National Institutes of Health ＇Guide to the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals＇.
文摘Abstract In many animal species, males direct more intense courtship towards females they have not previously encountered, than towards females with which they have previously mated. To test the factors responsible for this ＂Coolidge Effect＂, we need studies on a wide range of taxa - including those with mating systems in which we would not expect （based on current theory） that such an effect would be evident. The Coolidge Effect has been documented in several lizard species, but has not been looked for （and would not be expected） in snakes. We conducted experimental trials with red-sided garter snakes Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis at a communal den in Manitoba, to see whether previous exposure to a female （either courting, or courting plus mating） modified male mate choice or courtship intensity. In keeping with prediction from theory （but contrary to an early anecdotal report）, male garter snakes did not modify their courtship behaviour based upon their familiarity （or lack thereof） with a specific female. At least in large courting aggregations, male snakes may maximize their fitness by basing mate-choice upon immediate attributes of the female （body size, condition, mated status） and the intensity of competition （numbers and sizes of rival males） rather than information derived from previous sexual encounters .
