从三个平面看概数词“好多”与“好几”

概数词“好多”与“好几”在分布、语义辖域、和语用倾向等方面既具有其相同的一面 ,也有相对的一面 ,还有相交叉的一面。它们所能出现的语法位置有异有同 ,“好几”表数范围具有定性和“好多”表数范围则无定性 ,同时还“好几”

Preference-based multiobjective artificial bee colony algorithm for optimization of superheated steam temperature control

In order to incorporate the decision maker＇s preference into multiobjective optimization a preference-based multiobjective artificial bee colony algorithm PMABCA is proposed.In the proposed algorithm a novel reference point based preference expression method is addressed.The fitness assignment function is defined based on the nondominated rank and the newly defined preference distance.An archive set is introduced for saving the nondominated solutions and an improved crowding-distance operator is addressed to remove the extra solutions in the archive.The experimental results of two benchmark test functions show that a preferred set of solutions and some other non-preference solutions are achieved simultaneously.The simulation results of the proportional-integral-derivative PID parameter optimization for superheated steam temperature verify that the PMABCA is efficient in aiding to making a reasonable decision.

与“多(么)、太、好”有关的感叹句

在现代汉语中,“多(么)、太、好”这几个副词经常用作感叹句标记,其基本依托形式为“多(么)/太/好+AP/VP”结构。由于这几个词都是用来表示非常高的程度的,所以进入这种结构中的“AP/VP”必须具有可以表示程度差别的意义。从句法功能来看,“多(么)AP/v p”、“太AP/VP”和“好AP/VP”在感叹句中的表现并不完全相同。“多(么)”、“太”、“好”所表示的语法意义有一定的差异,这就导致了它们在用法上也有一些不同。

SimWall:a practical user-friendly stereo tiled display wall system

SimWall is a user-friendly, stereo tiled display wall system composed of 18 commodity projectors operated by a Linux graphics cluster. Collaborating together, these projectors work as a single logical display capable of giving a high-resolution show, large-scale, and passive stereo scene. In order to avoid tedious system setup and maintenance, software-based automatic geometry and photometric calibration are used. The software calibration is integrated to the system seamlessly by an on-card transform method and is transparent to users. To end-users, SimWall works just as a common PC, but provides super computing, rendering and displaying ability. In addition, SimWall has stereoscopic function that gives users a semi-immersive experience in polarized passive way. This paper presents system architecture, implementation, and other technical issues such as hardware constraints, projectors alignment, geometry and photometric calibration, implementation of passive stereo, and development of overall soft- ware environment.

Aristotle and Hollywood： Dramatic Structure From Ancient Greece to Avatar ＆ Beyond

It is fascinating to realize that even while Hollywood continually comes up with incredible special effects in films such as Avatar （2009）, the basic structure and development closely ＂follows＂ the guidelines for drama and storytelling laid out by Aristotle in his The Poetics, written several thousand years ago. We are specifically speaking of three act （beginning, middle, and ending） structure, focusing more on plot than character, and the need for a final resolution （catharsis）. But throughout literary and cinematic history, not everyone has followed these rules. Ironically, we take a close look at the award-winning Greek director Theo Angelopoulos＇ Ulysse＇s Gaze （1995） staring Harvey Keitel, as an example of a very non-Aristotelian approach to filmmaking and storytelling. Angelopoulos＇ film is character rather than plot centered on the Harvey Keitel figure and the journey of the narrative can be broken down to between 8-10 acts, depending how you describe them. We discuss many of the standard American ＂how to write screenplay book＂ authors such as Syd Field, while bringing a variety of authors such as Lajos Egri （The Art of Dramatic Writing） who criticize both Aristotle＇s Poetics and the way it has been interpreted for centuries especially in Hollywood. We conclude that there is a middle ground as well, for while Casablanca （1942） has a clear three act structure, it does not give us a happy romantic ＂Hollywood＂ ending/resolution as Rick insists that Lisa leave with her husband.

Iranian English Foreign Language Learners＇ Learning Style Sensory Preferences and Their Speaking Strategy Use Across Proficiency

This study investigates the relationship between Iranian EFL （English as a Foreign Language） learners＇ sensory preferences： Visual, Audial, and Haptic （VAH） and the learners＇ speaking strategy use across proficiency. To this end 146 Iranian EFL learners studying English at different levels of language proficiency, participated in this study. O＇Brien＇s （1990） learning channel preference checklist was given to students to determine their sensory preferences In addition, a Speaking Strategy questionnaire （an adaptation of strategy inventory for language learning （SILL）, focusing on strategies used at the time of Speaking） was also given to the students in another session. The data were analyzed using multivariate ANOVA （MANOVA） in order to probe the relationship between Iranian EFL Learners＇ Learning Style Sensory Preferences and their speaking strategy use across proficiency. Based on the results, it can be claimed that there was a weak to moderate interaction between the proficiency levels and preference of speaking strategies on the learning styles of the Iranian EFL learners.

Fish Community Structure and Habitat Preference in Hinval Freshwater Stream of Garhwal Himalayas, India

Fish diversity in different habitats and their preference for a particular habitat was studied in a freshwater stream Hinval in Western Himalayas of Garhwal region. A total of 7 fish species belonging to 2 orders were recorded. The maximum fish diversity and dominance was reported in the cyprinids. Two species of order Cypriniformes, Tot putitora （Ham.） and Barilius bendelisis （Ham.） were recorded at all the three sites, although they were more abundant at sites I and II. Among the Barilius spp., Barilius bendelisis （Ham.） was the most common at all the study sites, while Barilius barna （Ham.） and Barilius vagra （Ham.） were only found at Ⅰand Ⅱsites. The pool habitat was the most preferred habitat of almost all the species with （＇H＇=0.521-0.594） tbllowed by rapid and riffle habitat respectively.

On well posedness of best simultaneous approximation problems in Banach spaces

The well posedness of best simultaneous approximation problems is considered. We establish the generic results on the well posedness of the best simultaneous approximation problems for any closed weakly compact nonempty subset in a strictly convex Kadec Banach space. Further, we prove that the set of all points inE(G) such that the best simultaneous approximation problems are not well posed is a u- porous set inE(G) whenX is a uniformly convex Banach space. In addition, we also investigate the generic property of the ambiguous loci of the best simultaneous approximation.

The abundance effect on network nestedness is stronger for parasitic than herbivory interactions

It has been suggested that the importance of network architecture to species diversity and stability should be based on preference networks(comprised of niche differentiations),rather than observational networks,because species abundance may significantly affect interaction frequencies.Considering that resource abundance is usually greater for herbivores than parasites,we hypothesize that the abundance effect is stronger for parasitic than herbivory interactions.To test this hypothesis,we collected 80 quantitative observational networks including 34 herbivorous and 46 parasitic networks from the published literature,and derived preference networks by removing the effects of species abundance.We then determined the network nestedness using both weighted NODF and spectral radius.We also determined species degree distribution,interaction evenness,weighted connectance and robustness for both observational and preference networks.The observational networks(including both herbivory and parasitic networks)were more nested judged by weighted NODF than spectral radius.Preference networks were less nested for parasitic than herbivory networks in terms of both weighted NODF and spectral radius,possibly because removing the abundance effect increased interaction evenness.These trends indicate that the abundance effect on network nestedness is stronger for parasitic than herbivory networks.Weighted connectance and robustness were greater in most preference networks than observational networks,indicating that preference networks may have high network stability and community persistence compared with observational ones.The data indicate that future network analyses should not only address the structural difference between mutualistic and antagonistic interactions,but also between herbivory and parasitic interactions.