According to scientific evidence in general, the disappearance of the Tatras tarns as a result of external geomorphological processes has been accepted since the long term analyses of lake sediments and peat bogs, geo...According to scientific evidence in general, the disappearance of the Tatras tarns as a result of external geomorphological processes has been accepted since the long term analyses of lake sediments and peat bogs, geomorphological mapping, geophysical measurements(– all indirect methods). It is paradoxical that the direct cartographic evidence of such changes has not existed until now. In this paper, we evaluate shore line changes of the small mountain glacial lake in the High Tatras-Litworowy Staw lake using a multitemporal analysis of a series of historical orthophotomaps and a historical map. Over the last 100 years, the tarn has lost 46.4% of open water level area. Significant visual changes were caused by vegetation growth of Carex species(sedges) on the water's surface. The accumulation of fine sediments and dead plant residues in the tarn basin create suitable conditions for this process, all together causing the tarn to become more shallow.展开更多
This paper is divided into two parts： a reflection about the diachronical and dialectical relationship between the ＂Art of Construction＂ and the ＂Building Science＂, in terms of capability to evaluate structural c...This paper is divided into two parts： a reflection about the diachronical and dialectical relationship between the ＂Art of Construction＂ and the ＂Building Science＂, in terms of capability to evaluate structural characteristics and conservative conditions of traditional buildings, especially for buildings of historical or artistic value, using a peculiar approach for planning modem construction （Building Science） or the ancient complex of rules and logics to which a specific building monumental pertains （Art of Construction）. The second part reports a case study of application of this second methodology of approach, concerning the St. Mary＇s Church of the Immaculate Conception of Montecalvario in Naples, an important monumental church situated into the historic centre of Naples, built between 1718 and 1726 by one of the greatest Italian architects of the XVIII century, Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. The building, that presents all the structural and lexical peculiarities of Neapolitan Baroque （central plan, altimetric development of concentric volumes, plastic virtuosity of structural and formal apparatuses）, finds in its formal conception and in its stylistic conception part of its structural vulnerabilities. The study examines the understanding of cracks affecting the Church, also in relation to around historic buildings, in order to determine a diagnosis and to understand how this condition of structural vulnerability could be combined with future seismic strain, having high local seismicity and damages suffered during the earthquakes of the last three centuries.展开更多
基金produced under the scientific project VEGA 1/0207/17–Development and changes of mountain landscape of the Tatrasthe tarn,and to what extent the anthropogenic factors and climate change make them conditional
文摘According to scientific evidence in general, the disappearance of the Tatras tarns as a result of external geomorphological processes has been accepted since the long term analyses of lake sediments and peat bogs, geomorphological mapping, geophysical measurements(– all indirect methods). It is paradoxical that the direct cartographic evidence of such changes has not existed until now. In this paper, we evaluate shore line changes of the small mountain glacial lake in the High Tatras-Litworowy Staw lake using a multitemporal analysis of a series of historical orthophotomaps and a historical map. Over the last 100 years, the tarn has lost 46.4% of open water level area. Significant visual changes were caused by vegetation growth of Carex species(sedges) on the water's surface. The accumulation of fine sediments and dead plant residues in the tarn basin create suitable conditions for this process, all together causing the tarn to become more shallow.
文摘This paper is divided into two parts： a reflection about the diachronical and dialectical relationship between the ＂Art of Construction＂ and the ＂Building Science＂, in terms of capability to evaluate structural characteristics and conservative conditions of traditional buildings, especially for buildings of historical or artistic value, using a peculiar approach for planning modem construction （Building Science） or the ancient complex of rules and logics to which a specific building monumental pertains （Art of Construction）. The second part reports a case study of application of this second methodology of approach, concerning the St. Mary＇s Church of the Immaculate Conception of Montecalvario in Naples, an important monumental church situated into the historic centre of Naples, built between 1718 and 1726 by one of the greatest Italian architects of the XVIII century, Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. The building, that presents all the structural and lexical peculiarities of Neapolitan Baroque （central plan, altimetric development of concentric volumes, plastic virtuosity of structural and formal apparatuses）, finds in its formal conception and in its stylistic conception part of its structural vulnerabilities. The study examines the understanding of cracks affecting the Church, also in relation to around historic buildings, in order to determine a diagnosis and to understand how this condition of structural vulnerability could be combined with future seismic strain, having high local seismicity and damages suffered during the earthquakes of the last three centuries.
