清末民初中西“学战”思潮与译名之争

清末民初关于音译与义译的译名之争在中西“学战”思潮的影响下发生,其论争从表面上来看是术语翻译方法的争论,实质上,这场论争表明术语翻译还承载着中国语文改革、教育普及、民族认同和学术近代化等“学战”重任,论争的结果是“义译为主、音译为辅”翻译策略得到广泛认同,并成功走出了西方语音中心主义的话语陷阱。从“学战”思潮反思译名之争,对树立中国语文的文化自信以及构建中国自主的学术话语体系有重要启发。

西俗还是西学:论清末小说中的“食牛”

在中国古典小说中,牛很早即被赋予神圣的地位,“食牛”是一种禁忌。而到了清末,“食牛”这一源自西方的习俗在西学框架中得到正面的文化阐释。在这一时期的小说中,食牛者往往拥有西学背景,拒绝接受“食牛”的角色要么充当了旧学代表,要么尚处于刚开始学习西学的阶段。小说中的“食牛”行为已不再是简单的西俗,而是上升到西学的层面。这正是清末中西“学战”在小说中留下的痕迹。

Trojan Terrorism:Revenge Colonists or Condition of Evolution？ （To the Problem ＂Your/Alien＂）

Thinking about the problem of terrorism, the author finds its origins in the myth of the Trojan War, treating it as a battle for space, which was the primary basis for the civilizational leap--the expansion of the Greek world to the east, which led to the flourishing of Greek culture, creating a precedent of justified colonialism, provided strategy and tactics-the causal apology of violence-all subsequent wars, colonial campaigns, which was no exception for the migratory flows of the XX century, as a result of which the word ＂terrorism＂ sounded with by force of the song of B. Brecht. The theme of ＂space＂-chucked away, lost, taken away, destroyed, compressed, anarchic, empty, boundless, virtual-remains vital in our time, when the limitless possibilities lead to the limitation of man himself, his emptiness, and ＂complete shortuess＂ （Platonov）, when the treaty as the basis of human existence is rejected, and when you become the Other yourself. The metaphysics of ＂violence＂ is buried in anthropology-in ignorance of one＇s limits by man, in denying the boundaries of ＂another＇s,＂ in unwillingness to ask a question mad find the answer, in laziness and, in fact, in the loss of oneself.

Challenges and Demands for College English Teachers Raised by Training All-round Qualified Persons

The latest issue of College English Curriculum Requirements has posed challenges and demands for teachers in terms of linguistic competence, academic knowledge, language skills, professional morality, emotional and attitudinal qualifications, etc., which requires teachers to embrace and handle with active and open-minded responses. Hence, teachers ought to strive to develop and improve their own overall qualifications in collaboration with the long-term development of the subject and of the national higher education, with the need of qualified persons demanded by social development and the students＇ learning. Teachers also ought to form a notion of scientific development by keeping pace with the time, so as to discern the trend of subject development, to form appropriate judgments concerning the social development and to properly regulate their own development.

Results and analysis:a pilot study on quality of life of soldiers in the first response army

Objective： To explore the fundamental theory, methods and data of the quality of life （QOL） of soldiers and its influence factors in the first response army. Methods： Totally 215 soldiers in the first response army of a military area in China were inquired by using self-regulating questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF （Chinese Edition）. Resalts： WHOQOL-BREF had good acceptability, reliability and validity in the first response army. QOL of soldiers in the first response army was middling. The influencing factors of QOL of the soldiers in first army includes self-report health, different areas where the army men come from, different arms of services, whether only child in family. And the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion： WHOQOL-BREF is fit for evaluating the quality of life of soldiers in the first response army. There are differences of the quality of life among the soldiers in the first response army. So we should take appropriate measures to improve the soldiers＇ quality of life.

SPATIAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF CROP YIELD IN THE MIDDLE AND WEST OF JILIN PROVINCE

In this paper,spatial correlation of crop yield in the middle and west of Jilin Province is analyzed by us-ing the method of geostatistics semivariogram,taking the NDVI of NOAA/AVHRR spectrum data as the regionalized vari-able,aiming to provide theory and practical basis for field sampling of crop yield estimation using remote sensing.The ratio of nugget variance and sill of semivariograms are 21.1% and 9.7% in the west and middle regions in Jilin Province respectively.This shows that the crop yields are spatially correlated.The degree and range of correlation are far different in the different situations.In the west test region,the range is 49.9 km and the sill is 0.00019.In the middle testre-gion,the range is 16.5 km and the sill is0.00453.The dissimilarity in the western test region is larger than that in the middle one.The range in which the correlation existed of the former is far larger than the later.Different character is tics of spatial correlation of crop yield are decided by the environmental factors.Samples for crop yield estimation should be extracted according to the characteristic of spatial distribution of crop yield to promote the efficiency of sampling.

The Amazon Anthropology

This study aims to demonstrate who the Amazon man is, where he came from, how he used to live and how he lives nowadays. The Amazon scenario in the past, when it was almost untouchable compared with the present situation, after the economic, social, political, and environmental challenges. The methodology used was the reading of the books of authors and articles that made possible a better interpretation and development of the present work, through the interweaving of the authors＇ ideas.

The Plural in the Singular, Cities and Disciplinary Batallions？ -- Interdisciplinary Approaches Facing Nowadays Environmental Challenges

Towns＇ and cities＇ stories show their multidisciplinary richness and their complexity between professional skills and ways of life and residence of inhabitants by the analysis of the towns＇ changes. Through two protocols of research, during ten years from 2003 to 2012 and so on, of metropolitan changes in Bordeaux and travels in French and European cities, Christian Sallenave shows that： When everyone can write, tell and recognize his own story of town＇s changes, the cities know the best conditions for their sustainable development; Neither particular, nor general, but both in their specific dialectic; Neither panoptical and sovereign disciplines nor judgmental dopes, but both in their coming and goings and their ＂patriotic＂ property and register. The towns＇ stories are always written and marked in the same time in plural and singular, of arts, sciences and knowledge and pragmatic ways of life and residence.

Theoretical review and trend orientation of innovation driven development strategy research

innovation driven development strategy,as a national strategy of our country,has attracted wide attention in the academic field,and it is very rich in theory and practice of innovation driven development.But innovation driven development,as a national strategy,is a long-term,not only from institutional and policy perspective,but also need to build a theoretical framework of relatively rich,can practice on the guiding role of theory.

Enlightenment of New Economy on the Development of Chinese Economy

This paper summarizes the features of the new economy in America, and then analyses the differences between the new economy and Chinese economy with trade theories. At the last, this paper concentrates on study of strategies for China to develop economic internationalization.

Research of Carrying out Combat Teaching in NCO Academy

Practical teaching is an important way to improve the capability of NCO students, trader the environment of combating, in order to improve the combat effectiveness of close to the war as the fundamental task of the teaching activities. Carry out the practical teaching is the objective requirement of cultivating high quality personnel, scientific and promote practical teaching is the embodiment of practicing the goal of a strong army NCO academies. In the face of the new situation and mission, how to carry out combat Sergeant college teaching, enhance the practical teaching level, training with the ability to win the qualified personnel in the future battlefield, becomes suspends in front of us to explore and solve the problem.

The spirit of Henry Norman Bethune and gastroenterology

Henry Norman Bethune was a physician and surgeon from Canada. He had a highly impressive medical career in Montreal but did his most important work in China where he cared for soldiers on the battlefield. He died in 1939 and was recognized as a hero, but only much later received recognition in Canada. He was a skilled doctor, both as a physician and as a surgeon. However, he was much more and will serve as an inspiration for this series. He was an innovator, an idealist and a perfectionist. It is hoped that this series will gather expert commentaries on a range of issues critical to the subspecialty from fundamental science to clinical care so that future directions can be defined.

Perianal Crohn's disease: Is there something new?

Perianal lesions are common in patients with Crohn's disease, and display aggressive behavior in some cases. An accurate diagnosis is necessary for the optimal management of perianal lesions. Treatment of perianal Crohn's disease includes medical and/or surgical options. Recent discoveries in the pathogenesis of this disease have led to advances in medical and surgical therapy with good results. Perianal lesions in Crohn's disease remain a challenging aspect for both gastroenterologists and surgeons and lead to a greatly impaired quality of life for all patients affected by this disease. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory to obtain the best results.

Research on the characteristics of the mode of the network ideological and political education of college students

With the development and progress of the social sciences, the Party and the state have attached great importance to the work of the construction of the informatization. Especially the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC put forward the synchronous development of the ＂four modernizations＂, and promoted the information technology to the national strategy, making the field of the construction of the informatization broader, so that the informatization also occupied an important position in the construction of colleges and universities. The development of the informatization plays an important role in the development of colleges and universities.

Challenging Stereotypes： International Accounting Students in Australia

Students come to Australia for many and varied reasons, including the possibility of immigrating to Australia on completion of studies. Some programs of study are given higher priority for immigration than others and are thus popular among those hoping to immigrate. The master of professional accounting （MPA） is perhaps the most well-known of these programs, as the majority of its students are allegedly more interested in gaining permanent residency than becoming practicing accountants. Concerns over the quality of this program, its graduates, and its impact on the reputation of Australian higher education have been expressed in the media and in scholarly journals resulting in a stereotype of international postgraduate students as being motivated by immigration and without interest in accounting or engagement in learning. However, little has been done to investigate the experiences and perceptions of the students themselves. The objective of this paper is to more closely examine the motivations and learning behaviors of MPA students in order to test the accuracy of the stereotype. A population of postgraduate accounting students from an Australian university was invited to respond to an anonymous questionnaire survey adapted from the Australian Universities Survey of Student Engagement （AUSSE） to gain an insight into student engagement with learning. The results of this paper demonstrate that motivation is not relevant to learning engagement. The authors find a cohort of students spending many hours in study and facing barriers to learning because of poor English skills. Such findings do not accord with the stereotypical portrayal of international MPA students but lead to questions about the institutional motivations, the nature of accounting education, and English language entry standards and language support.

On Importance of Posters in Psychological Warfare Dissemination

Posters are an usual means of wartime disseminating psychological warfare. In World War I and World War II and even the cold war period, it obtained a good performance, so its importance is self-evident. However, with the high-end development of modern science and technology, Intemet transmission replace and people＇ s self-cognition awakening, the psychological warfare dissemination means of simply by posters to expand influence has become obsolete, but it doesn＇ t mean that we don＇ t need these means. Most of the time, in such a complex social environment and interpersonal environment, the most original and most straightforward method is the most likely weapon to move people＇ s thought. This paper reviews the posters in World War I, World War II and cold war period in disseminating psychological warfare success to illustrate the importance of this means in wartime psychological warfare dissemination process. At the same time, it analyzes the feature of modern dissemination psychological warfare, mining new communication means with traditional publicity method and re-constructing the function application of posters in dissemination psychological warfare and other business expanding.

Scientifical Researches and Applications Achieved in Romania in the Period of Tempus 1919-1929

At the end of 20th Century, the electric energy became a new indicator of world civilization. The era of electricity also put his mark on the Romanian alveolus of civilization. The paper deals with an analysis of the scientific researches and applications which express the results of works of eminent scientists and engineers in electro-techniques and related domains, in Romania, in the first decade of interwar period 1919-1929. The scientific activities developed in many domains of Science are sustained by the significant technical progress in Romania, in this short but relevant period of Tempus in which, in Europe and in other parts of Civitas Terra, was peace.

Nonlinear Dynamical Behavior in Neuron Model Based on Small World Network with Attack and Repair Strategy

In this paper, we investigate the effect due to the change of topology structure of network on the nonlinear dynamical behavior, by virtue of the OFC neuron evolution model with attack and repair strategy based on the small world. In particular, roles of various parameters relating to the dynamical behavior are carefully studied and analyzed. In addition, the avalanche and EEC-like wave activities with attack and repair strategy are also explored in detail in this work.

Chinese Left-Wing Literature in the Vision of an American Left-wing Writer

As one with great fame of writing China and Chinese people in war time, Anna Louise Strong, has the experience of communicating with Chinese left-wing writers, viewing their dramas works and reading their novels. From her perspective, Chinese left-wing literature was featured by its revolution and popularity; Chinese left-wing writers were busy with creating different genres to get every Chinese＇s involvement in the anti-Japanese war in 1930s and participation in the construction of new China in 1940s. Hence, they were multifarious in their identity because they cared more than literature in a turbulent time. From what she presented, China, as a cultural otherness, was the existent utooia that fulfilled her radical nolitical dream of communism.

The Crisis of Historicism and the Correlation Between Nationalism and Neo-Kantian Philosophy of History in the Interwar Period

Recent historiographic studies of cultural exchanges between Germany and Greece in the 19th and 20th centuries have tended to neglect the mutual influence of the two countries＇ intellectuals; as a result, there is insufficient appreciation of the extent to which historiography and philosophy were appropriated by the politics of the Interwar period. This article focuses on attempts by neo-Kantian philosophers to overcome the crisis of historicism, and on the impact of this crisis on Greek intellectuals＇ perceptions of historicism. The study shows that at the time historicism invoked the past to solve the problems of the present. My purpose is to show that in a time of crisis, Germany＇s pursuit of its Greekness in conformity with the Bildung tradition, and Greece＇s cultural dependence on Germany in the meaning-making of its own Greekness, shared common ground in the ideological uses of philosophy and history in the service of politics and the politics of culture. In the aftermath of WWI, German scholars raised the issue of the crisis of historicism. Neo-Kantian philosophers such as Heinrich Rickert, whose theory had a major impact on Greek intellectuals, became involved in this debate, posing the question of historical objectivity. Yet Rickert＇s philosophy of history soon fell into an impasse, leading to the rise of an idealist philosophy of history in the 1930s that committed itself anew to the dominant politics. In the 1930s, under the guise of idealism, Greek neo-Kantian intellectuals were claiming an objective historical narrative of the traumatic experience from 1922 onwards, which fit into the structure of an idealized ahistorical and mythic past, and which, as a hegemonic discourse, excluded its political enemies and propagandized the political struggle towards the fulfillment of the nation＇s historical and spiritual mission.