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小说构思拒绝“非构思写作”观念说
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作者 孙仁歌 《滁州学院学报》 2022年第1期48-51,共4页
不赞成那种过度夸大“非构思写作”现象,如此,不仅有悖写作规律尤其小说叙事原理,而且也会误导学生正视写作抑或文学写作的艰难程度,甚至把写作视为一种思维游戏。固然,人的思维具有多面性、复杂性、交叉性,在各种体裁的写作中的确会时... 不赞成那种过度夸大“非构思写作”现象,如此,不仅有悖写作规律尤其小说叙事原理,而且也会误导学生正视写作抑或文学写作的艰难程度,甚至把写作视为一种思维游戏。固然,人的思维具有多面性、复杂性、交叉性,在各种体裁的写作中的确会时常出现“巅峰”状态抑或“非构思”状态,但更多的时间,写作还是思维的“苦力活”,无论是表层结构还是深层结构的思考与操作,都是一种“炼狱”,想取得思维层面的投机取巧、无需苦思冥想就能让那种神助之笔频频光顾,显然不是高层次理性写作所能使然。一句话,小说构思拒绝“非构思写作”观念说。 展开更多
关键词 小说构思 “非构思写作” 逻辑与深层次结构 “学术制作”
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Scientific Initiation: Meanings and Peculiarities of Public Policy in Brazil
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作者 Marilene Batista da Cruz Nascimento Marilia Costa Morosini Josevania Teixeira Guedes 《Sociology Study》 2014年第8期700-707,共8页
This paper aims to analyze the Scientific Initiation (SI) as public policy of higher education in Brazil, from meanings and peculiarities of this device in the undergraduate academic's formation, created jointly wi... This paper aims to analyze the Scientific Initiation (SI) as public policy of higher education in Brazil, from meanings and peculiarities of this device in the undergraduate academic's formation, created jointly with the National Research Council in 1951 currently National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). This corporation emerged from the recognition of the strategic importance of science and necessity of institutionalization of encouragement and fostering research. This is a theoretical bibliographical study and documentary that evidences the contributions and limits of SI while political science training should be part of academic activities to provide the development and support of investigative spirit. The concept of SI was established in universities as an activity to be developed in order to encourage the student to become familiar with scientific practices. The study concluded that SI is based on institutionalized norms within higher education to foster the development of science, and it is considered as an important strategy of expansion of graduate studies in Brazil. 展开更多
关键词 Public policy Scientific Initiation (SI) higher education
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