《外国公司问责法案》的美式“安全观” 及中国应对方案

2020年5月20日,美国参议院以保护投资者为由通过的《外国公司问责法案》,毫不掩饰地暴露了美国证券监管的政治化,严重违背了美国证券行业的市场化运作规则。“政府实体”“控制性财务利益”等模糊性概念的运用,违背了法的确定性这一基本立法规则。该法案体现了美国在国际上推行的扭曲的美式“安全观”。对此,中国应当理性、积极地应对该问题,内外兼修,在推动中美证券跨境监管合作的同时,完善和强化信息披露及投资者保护机制。中概股公司既要做好按照美国证券监管机构的要求披露相关内容的准备,也要为回归A股或在港二次上市未雨绸缪。

电子政务该有怎样的“安全观”

安全是电子政务建设中不可回避的问题,但安全也是一个没有标准答案的问题。我们在建设电子政务时,不仅要处理好砌墙和拆墙的关系,更重要的是要有所为、有所不为,电子政务建设不能一哄而上,而要有选择,方能处理好安全、效益、成本的关系。

Study on the safety production evaluation of the coal mine based on entropy-TOPSIS

In order to evaluate the safety production situation of the coal mine effectively,selected the indicators about mine production safety, applied entropy method to determinethe objective weight of each index, calculated the distance and close degree between themines and the ideal point and negative ideal point, and then evaluated the safety productionsituation of the mines according to the close degree.The results show that the methodprovides a reasonable, concise and more objective idea to evaluate the safety productionsituation of the mines.

Sliding mode control for synchronization of chaotic systems with structure or parameters mismatching

This paper deals with the synchronization of chaotic systems with structure or parameters difference. Nonlinear differential geometry theory was applied to transform the chaotic discrepancy system into canonical form. A feedback control for synchronizing two chaotic systems is proposed based on sliding mode control design. To make this controller physically realizable, an extended state observer is used to estimate the error between the transmitter and receiver. Two illustrative examples were carried out: (1) The Chua oscillator was used to show that synchronization was achieved and the message signal was recovered in spite of parametric variations; (2) Two second-order driven oscillators were presented to show that the synchronization can be achieved and that the message can be recovered in spite of the strictly different model.

Spatio-temporal Changes of ≥10℃ Accumulated Temperature in Northeastern China since 1961

The objective of this study was to provide reliable basis for decision making for national food security and layout and structure adjustment of grain production in the northeastern China. The data of mean daily air temperature of 1961-2009 from 106 meteorological stations in the northeastern China were chosen in this study. Using statistical methods and isoline method, the spatio-temporal changes of various decadal ≥10℃accumulated temperature and the climatic means of ≥10℃ accumulated temperature were studied in this paper. The results showed that 1） The geo- graphical distribution of ≥10℃ accumulated temperature in the northeastern China could be influenced directly by the latitude, longitude and altitude. If latitude moved one degree northward, the average decrease amplitude of the climatic means was 101.9℃ in the study area. 2） The means of decadal ≥10℃ accumulated temperature rose since the 1980s, and their increase amplitudes became larger in the 1990s and the 2010s obviously. Compared with those of the 1980s, ≥10℃ accumulated temperature increased by about 100℃ in the mountainous and plain areas in the 1990s; compared with those of the 1990s, ≥10℃ accumulated temperature increased by about 200℃ in the Hulun Buir High Plain and the Songnen Plain, and 100℃ in the Sanjiang Plain and the Liaohe Plain in the 2010s. 3） The means of the decada ≥10℃accumulated temperature for 106 meteorological stations in the northeastern China increased with the rate of 145.57℃/10yr in 1961-2009.4） The climatic means of ≥10℃ accumulated temperature increased from 1961-1990 to 1971-2000 and 1981-2009. Compared with the climatic mean of 1971-2000, that of 1981-2009 had increased by above 50℃ in most of the study area, even up to 156℃. Compared with the climatic mean of 1961-1990, that of 1981-2009 increased by above 100℃ in most parts of the study area, even up to 200℃. 5） The maximum northward shift, eastward and westward extension amplitudes of3100℃, 3300℃ and 3500℃ isolines were larger among all isolines for the climatic means of the three phases. Compared with the positions of the isolines of 1961-1990, those amplitudes of 31000C isoline of 1981-2009 were 145 km, 109 km and 64 km, respectively; those of 3300℃ isoline were 154 km, 54 km and 64 km, respectively; and the maximum northward shift of 3500℃ isoline was about 100 km.

Micro-behavior Analysis of Pilots Based on Human-Aircraft-Environment Interaction

Micro-behavior of pilots is one of the most remarkable aspects in flight safety research domain.The study of pilot’s micro-behavior and its function are of great significance to enhance active safety warnings of flight and evaluation of flight cadets.Based on the cognitive process of pilots,this paper explores the meanings and contents of previous research on the pilot’s micro-behavior.The history and research status of pilot’s micro-behavior are briefly introduced from the perspective of their psychology,physiology and physics.The current reviews mainly include the pilot’s characteristic,multi-information fusion,integrated cognitive and humanization about controlling environment,etc.The several methods of these studies are discussed,and the mechanisms,experimental contents and applicable conditions of pilot’s physiological,psychological and physical characteristics are analyzed.Meanwhile,the advantages and shortcomings of the existing research results are pointed out and analyzed.Combined with flight simulation experiment,the internal mechanism of pilot is explained.Furthermore,with the latest research in the modern flight field,and also from the specialization of application,the diversification of methodologies and the depth of investigation are provided,as well as the development trend of pilot’s micro-behavior analysis in the future.

What Kind of Security Concept Does Our World Need?

While the threat of war has decreased, there have appeared intricate security issues that affect all aspects of human life, breaking through various defenses and threatening the well being of all actors in the contemporary world, including nations, groups and individuals. This risky situation calls for a new security concept, one that transcends traditional state centrism, national supremacy and coercion. The new security concept, which should assimilate the general theory of grand strategy,focuses on a vision that spans time and space, valuing humankind as it exists as one of the dynamic factors of nature and society. The essentials of the new security concept are to recognize balanced development as the substance of security and to govern national strength and the application of means and tactics. It aims at realizing comprehensive security across various social fields within states, to achieve mutual security among national, international and individual actors, as well as harmony between man and nature, continuous security leading to lasting and universal peace in the future.

Retraction control of motorized seat belt system with linear state observer

A design and verification of linear state observers which estimate state information such as angular velocity and load torque for retraction control of the motorized seat belt (MSB) system were described. The motorized seat belt system provides functions to protect passengers and improve passenger's convenience. Each MSB function has its own required belt tension which is determined by the function's purpose. To realize the MSB functions, state information, such as seat belt winding velocity and seat belt tension are required. Using a linear state observer, the state information for MSB operations can be estimated without sensors. To design the linear state observer, the motorized seat belt system is analyzed and represented as a state space model which contains load torque as an augmented state. Based on the state space model, a linear state observer was designed and verified by experiments. Also, the retraction control of the MSB algorithm using linear state observer was designed and verified on the test bench. With the designed retraction control algorithm using the linear state observer, it is possible to realize various types of MSB functions.

Specificity of Food Security Concept as a Wicked Problem

The aim of the article was firstly to analyze a specific character of the food security＇s concept, and secondly to present a large variety of stakeholders＇ positions dealing with the issue and their impact on economic and political dimensions. For this purpose, a review in available studies and documents was made. The results show that a lack of the precise definition for the food security＇s concept creates different understandings, leading to various interpretations and divergent solutions. The reasons could be found in specifics of the food security＇s concept which is qualified as a wicked problem. Wicked problems refer to issues which are highly complex, have innumerable and undefined causes and are difficult to understand and frame. Therefore, caution is required when positions of stakeholders are estimating. Based on literature, it can be stated that the productionist （focusing on intensive food production） and environmental frames are dominant in the debate, resulting in potential conflicts and different claims about action to be taken. As a result, a clear political vision on the food security＇s concept is lacking. In conclusion, a return to the principle what food production is economically, socially and environmentally sustainable can reshape a public debate in order to actively form food security policies at the global and national levels in the future. However, better coping strategies like cooperative strategy should be developed to tame food security as a wicked problem by turning over to stakeholders for new definitions and solutions.

The Effects of Job Security, Features, Personal Values, and Recognition on Organizational Involvement

As extrinsic rewards become very limited under organizational retrenchments, organizations should rely heavily on other types of rewards, such as intrinsic rewards, to improve the performance of those employees who have been overwhelmed with a perception of job insecurity. This paper examines the impact of such perception, along with many other positive influencers such as enhancement in job features, recognition, and the personal values of those employees on the organizational involvement. The data analyzed were based on a sample of 34 employee respondents from a project based engineering and service company （identified as ABC Company in this paper） operating in the Middle East. The adopted research approach is basically a quantitative approach. The correlation and regression analysis tools have been used to explore this relationship. The results of this study suggest a generally unnoticed and disregarded resource that has the prime effect on improving and enhancing the organizational involvement, which is the recognition those employees receive from the management. This research suggests that recognition, as the top influencer, has a strong impact on organizational involvement/psychological attachment for the employees. The other factors that have proved to have the second degree influence on organizational involvement are enhancement in job features, increase in the job security level, and personal values.

An investigation on the Correlation between Unemployment and Living Conditions in Zambia： A Case Study of Kaunda Square Stage II

Most of the Zambian population, the poor people in affluent society, are enmeshed in the net of poverty. The Zambian government seems to have failed in its contractual obligation to respect and sustain its social contract with the people. There is a seemingly total collapse of social security, increased unemployment rate and consequently decreased living conditions among the youth. This study sets out to investigate the correlation between unemployment and living conditions in Kaunda Square Stage II by analyzing the impact of unemployment and suggests strategic solutions to mitigate the levels of unemployment. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact on the living conditions caused by unemployment in Zambia specifically in Kaunda Square Stage II and adopt strategic solutions that will mitigate creation of jobs to improve the living conditions. The study underscores that unemployment is a universal phenomenon, not necessarily a peculiar characteristic of any segment of the society. Reducing poverty, preventing excessive inequality, and generating adequate employment are the three most important goals of a macroeconomic strategy that seeks to improve the living standards of the population. Inequality and employment are each a complex phenomenon and difficult to capture with a single measurement, particularly in a low-income economy undergoing change. It is in this context that the study intends to investigate the correlation between unemployment and living conditions in Kaunda Square Stage II and to provide strategic solutions that may improve living conditions in Kaunda Square Stage II. The study concludes that high unemployment in Kaunda Square Stage II increases poverty which subsequently affects living conditions. Therefore, when, unemployment rates increase the opportunities for earning income decreases which instigate individuals to be poor. The paper closes with reflections on how good strategic solutions can be used to underwrite more employment reduction strategies.

China＇s grain macroeconomic regulation and control strategy of economic strategy research

this article through to the national food security problems, and puts forward China＇s grain macro-control mechanism is to follow the food economic law, with the national food security as the foundation, the food economy structure adjustment as power, based on production and supply balance, trade and consumption balance, price and social grain total cost balance, grain reserves and the retaining rate balance four as the key point, establish and perfect the food security is the core of the production, processing, trade, reserve, consumption for control system, perfect the government macroeconomic regulation and control of the market, protect the food producers and consumers＇ vital interests, early warning and solving the international and domestic food crisis and risk, maintain food markets continue to stability and promote national economic security of food.

Chaotic synchronization based on nonlinear state-observer and its application in secure communication

Chaotic synchronization is a branch of chaotic control. Nowadays, the research and application of chaotic synchronization have become a hot topic and one of the development directions is for the research on chaos. In this paper, a universal nonlinear stateobserver is presented for a class of universal chaotic systems to realize the chaotic synchronization, according to the theory of state-observer in the modern control theory. And theoretic analysis and simulation results have illustrated the validity of the approach. Moreover, the approach of synchronization proposed in this paper is very easy, flexible and universal with high synchronization precision.When the approach is applied to secure communication, the results are satisfying.

Study on Emphases and Trend of Tianjin Urban Public Safety Planning from the View of Bohai Rim Megalopolis

Nowadays urban public safety has been an important subject of study in urban planning study. And planners realized that a safe city is very important for sustainable development. Traditional urban public safety planning begins to perfect the contents and method. And regional research is an important aspect in the improvement of new era urban public safety planning. This paper chooses Tianjin, the important city in Bohai rim area as the example for research. Tianjin urban public safety planning includes not only comprehensive disaster prevention and reduction, effectively preventing and reducing disasters, ensuring the safety of the life and property of the residents, but also sharing resources and facilities from the view of megalopolis, eliminating hidden area troubles, reducing whole environment risks and so on.

What is the subject and object of social security？

The subject and the object are a pair of concepts within the philosophical category. Dialectical materialism takes practice as the medium, and holds that subject is the existence of an active objective world, and that the object is the object of practical activity. Under certain conditions, the subject and object can In terms of social security, the main body of responsibility is the government that allows the transfer of citizens＇ rights. Thereforethe government is the main body of production and providers of public goods, and the object is the main body＇s guaranteed rights and obligations. Commonly pointed objects or things generally refer to specific material information in practical operations, abstract information economy, legal norms, and the entire practice process.

Grain Macro-Control Mechanism Research

this paper based on the food security, the food the macroeconomic regulation and control of the operation mechanism of the general theory, focus on the China＇s grain macroeconomic regulation and control mechanism, the concept of grain macroeconomic regulation and control mechanism, the grain circulation macroeconomic regulation and control tool application, grain circulation macroeconomic regulation and control system, the problem of grain circulation system, food price formation mechanism. Through the research set up grain control of the operation mechanism of general theory.

Governance Logic and Basic Systems of the New “Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China”: a Focus on Social Co-Governance

To modernize food safety governance, we must carry out basic restructuring of its internal logic at the national level to reflect the features of contemporary Chinese society that shape food safety. This will entail establishing an overarching, macro-level conception of food safety that integrates ＂baseline safety＂, ＂hub safety＂, ＂co-constructed safety＂ and ＂endogenous safety＂. These four dimensions of safety represent four fundamental requirements of food safety governance in modern Chinese society, which is a ＂risk society＂（Beck 1992） and one that is also complex, open and pluralist. These requirements are： maximum legal liability, a unified, authoritative and efficient supervision system, a concept of social co-governance, and enterprises being the primary entities accountable for food safety. This article uses this analytical framework to interpret the basic contents of the newly revised Food Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, and uses a focus on social co-governance to present the institutional highlights of this law and the transformation of the internal logic of food safety governance.

A Security Model and Legal Guarantee for Chinese Maritime Shipping： As Exemplified in the Response to Piracy along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

The Belt and Road Initiative is an important decision for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Maritime security has a significant place in this process. In recent years, there have been frequent violent terrorist incidents at sea, including piracy, armed hijackings and terrorist attacks, posing a dire threat to both international and Chinese maritime transport interests and seriously challenging the fulfillment of the maritime part of the ＂Belt and Road Initiative.＂ Five direct measures can be taken to protect ocean shipping from violence at sea. One example is the defensive measures taken against the Somali pirates. The employment of armed guards from professional security companies on board ship is an effective model for guaranteeing maritime security; it not only meets the standards of international law, but is also legally permitted in many developed countries and regions, and is thus strategically significant for overall Chinese maritime security. In the Chinese context, this model carries its own legal risks. We should embrace a new approach to national security law, strengthen legal guarantees and make concerted efforts to provide warship （military aircraft） escorts to jointly build an optimum model of Chinese maritime security in order to ensure the realization of core Chinese maritime interests.

Nuclear Security Commitments

The Fourth Nuclear Security Summit—to be held in Washington,D.C.from March31 to April 1—will be of particular importance with regards to the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s recent announcement that it will conduct a nuclear warhead explosion test and the fifth anniversary of the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in March.President Xi Jinping will attend the summit and elaborate on the global nuclear security situation and China’s nuclear security concept.

Evolution of Landscape Pattern and Tourism Service Value in Zhangjiakou City

Zhangjiakou is a northern Chinese city that hosted the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. As an important ice and snow tourist destination, it is essential to investigate Zhangjiakou’s rate of landscape pattern change,the landscape ecological security level, and ecosystem service value, particularly the tourism ecological service value during its construction. With land use data from 2000 to 2020, this study comprehensively analyzed the dynamic changes in Zhangjiakou, including land use dynamics, the land use transfer matrix, landscape vulnerability,landscape disturbance, ecosystem service value, tourism ecological service value, and other aspects. The results show that the landscape pattern in Zhangjiakou was greatly disturbed from 2015 to 2018, and the landscape ecological security was threatened in the process of landscape pattern adjustment. By 2020, after the landscape pattern was adjusted and stabilized, the landscape ecological security was restored, and the ecosystem service value was significantly improved, especially the tourism ecological service value. The results of this study will play an important role in promoting the optimization of Zhangjiakou’s ice and snow landscape pattern and the improvement of tourism ecological value. In addition, it provides important lessons for the development of other ice and snow tourist destinations.