Embodied Meaning in Comprehending Abstract Chinese Counterfactuals

Embodied cognition theories propose that language comprehension triggers a sensorimotor system in the brain.However,most previous research has paid much attention to concrete and factual sentences,and little emphasis has been put on the research of abstract and counterfactual sentences.The primary challenges for embodied theories lie in elucidating the meanings of abstract and counterfactual sentences.The most prevalent explanation is that abstract and counterfactual sentences are grounded in the activation of a sensorimotor system,in exactly the same way as concrete and factual ones.The present research employed a dual-task experimental paradigm to investigate whether the embodied meaning is activated in comprehending action-related abstract Chinese counterfactual sentences through the presence or absence of action-sentence compatibility effect(ACE).Participants were instructed to read and listen to the action-related abstract Chinese factual or counterfactual sentences describing an abstract transfer word towards or away from them,and then move their fingers towards or away from them to press the buttons in the same direction as the motion cue of the transfer verb.The action-sentence compatibility effect was observed in both abstract factual and counterfactual sentences,in line with the embodied cognition theories,which indicated that the embodied meanings were activated in both action-related abstract factuals and counterfactuals.

意象偶拾

意象,顾名思义,意,即诗人的审美经验和人格情趣;象,即物象。意象即指融入了主观情意的客观物象,或指借助客观物象表现出来的主观情意。意象往往体现了诗人对现实世界的艺术把握和解析,它是诗人敏感心灵的触角,又是读者走入那片艺术天地的桥梁。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DARCY′S LAW IN HELE-SHAW CELLS

The basic physics of unsteady Hele-Shaw flow at high Reynolds numbers is mainly studied by an experimental measurement. In order to confirm the Darcy′s law in Hele-Shaw cell, since there is an analogy between flow in cells and that in porous media, progressive water waves are utilized to build an unsteady flow in a Hele-Shaw cell, and which complex wave number is measured by a wave height gauge. Meanwhile, theoretical analyses are used to compare with experimental data. Result shows Darcy′s Law is not exactly correct for unsteady Hele-Shaw flows, and it is expected to conduct a modified Darcy′s Law.

Characteristics of liver on magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging:Dynamic and image pathological investigation in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM： To investigate dynamical and image pathological characteristics of the liver on magnetic resonance （MR） diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI） in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model. METHODS： Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and VX-2 tumor piece was implanted intrahepatically. Fifteen animals received two intrahepatic implantations while 25 had one intrahepatical implantation. DWI, T1- and T2-weighted of magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） were carried out on the 7th and the 14th d after implantation and DWI was conducted, respectively on the 21th d. Ten VX-2 tumor samples were studied pathologically. RESULTS： The rate of lump detected by DWI, TlWI and T2WI was 78.7%, 10.7% and 53.5% （X^2 =32.61, P 〈 0.001） on the 7th d after implantation and 95.8%, 54.3% and 82.9% （X^2 = 21.50, P 〈 0.001） on the 14th d. The signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI was uniform and it was equal diffusion coefficient （ADC）. did not decrease on the 7th on the map of apparent The signal of VX tumors d after implantation, most of them slowly growing during the week following implantation without significant cell dying within the tumor. VX-2 tumors grew increasingly within 14 d after implantation but the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uniform or uneven and ADC of VX tumors decreased obscurely or slightly because tumor necrosis was still not obvious. On the 21th d after implantation, the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uneven because tumor necrosis was evident and ADC of VX-2 tumor necrotic areas decreased. The areas of viable cells in VX-2 tumors manifested a high signal on DWI and a low signal on the map of ADC. The areas of dead cells or necrosis in VX-2 tumors manifested low signals on DWI and low, equal or high signals on the map of ADC but they manifested high signals on DWI and on the map of ADC at the same time when the areas of necrotic tumor became liquefied or cystic. The border of tumors on DWI appeared gradually distinct and internal signals of tumor became progressively uneven. CONCLUSION： The manifestations of viable, necrotic and liquefied or cystic areas in VX-2 tumors on DWI are typical and DWI is of significant and potential values in clinical application in both the early detection and diagnosis of liver tumors.

Giorgio Vasari＇s The Conception of Our Lady： A Divine Fruit

The theme of the Conception of the Virgin Mary fascinated 16th-century Mannerist painters, as manifested in Giorgio Vasari＇s many drawings and paintings and also the numerous replicas in drawings, paintings, and engravings made after his paintings by his contemporary artists. This essay focuses on Vasari＇s complex iconography of The Conception of Our Lady of 1540 at SS. Apostoli in Florence, Italy. In his documentation of the painting, Vasari never referred to or entitled the painting as an Allegory of the Immaculate Conception or Immaculate Conception but coined it as The Conception of Our Lady （Concezione di Nostra Donna） as it will be referred in this essay. Vasari＇s complex iconography derived from the writings of the A retine canon Giovanni Pollastra. The Virgin Mary is depicted as a victorious symbol of grace and salvation, triumphing over evil. Rejoicing angels surround her with scrolls containing Latin inscriptions, QUOS EVE CULPA DAAVIT/MARIAE GRATIAE SOLVIT, ECCE AGNIU[S] and UNIUS ONNOSTAA. These joyful words allude to the restoration of the fate of Adam and Eve after eating the forbidden fruit from the Tree of Knowledge in Paradise. A sinuous serpent coils around the fig tree, while tied-up Old Testament and New Testaments wait for forgiveness and salvation. Three considerations are addressed in this essay： （1） discussion of Vasari＇s recorded commissions; （2） stylistic observations and influences; and （3） interpretation of the imagery, that is, some observations on the symbolism of the painting.

More efficient ground truth ROI image coding technique: implementation and wavelet based application analysis

In this paper, more efficient, low-complexity and reliable region of interest （ROI） image codec for compressing smooth low texture remote sensing images is proposed. We explore the efficiency of the modified RO! codec with respect to the selected set of convenient wavelet filters, which is a novel method. Such ROI coding experiment analysis representing low bit rate lossy to high quality lossless reconstruction with timing analysis is useful for improving remote sensing ground truth surveillance efficiency in terms of time and quality. The subjective [i.e. fair, five observer （HVS） evaluations using enhanced 3D picture view Hyper memory display technology] and the objective results revealed that for faster ground truth ROI coding applications, the Symlet-4 adaptation performs better than Biorthogonal 4.4 and Biorthogonal 6.8. However, the discrete Meyer wavelet adaptation is the best solution for delayed ROI image reconstructions.

Evaluation of Methods for Control of Ammonia Volatilization from Surface-Applied Nitrogen Fertilizers to Sugarcane Trash in North Queensland

Micrometeorological and microplot experiments were conducted in the field of freshly harvested green cane in Queensland, Australia. Results showed that high ammonia loss of fertilizer N could occur under relatively dry conditions when urea or commercial product of mixture of urea and muriate of potash were applied to the surface of sugarcane trash. The moisture content in the trash and the pH of fertilizer were two important factors controlling the processes of urea hydrolysis and ammonia volatilization. Most of the N in the soil was transformed to the nitrate+ nitrite from after 70 days of fertilizer application. No significant leaching was found. Urea-free N fertilizers had higher N recoveries compared to urea-containing fertilizers. .

Rainfall,Landslide and Debris Flow Intergrowth Relationship in Jiangjia Ravine

Jiangjia Ravine is a world-famous debris flow valley in Dongchuan,Yunnan Province,China.Every year large numbers of landslides and collapses happened and caused enormous damages to people's properties and lives.With longtime observation and testing in Jiangjia Ravine we had found out one kind of special landslide which had the characteristics of landslide and collapse.Landslide and collapse supplied sufficient materials for debris flow.When a debris flow broke out,some kind of intergrowth existed among rainfall,landslide and debris flow.In order to study the intergrowth and some key parameters,we carried out artificial rainfall landslide tests and model experiments to observe the phenomena such as collapse,surface slide and surface flow.By observing the experimental phenomena and monitoring water contents,the transformation process among landslide deposits and debris flow under the condition of rainfall had been analyzed.Research results revealed the relationship of this kind of intergrowth among rainfall,landslide and debris flow in Jiangjia Ravine.Meanwhile,it was found that this kind of intergrowth relationship existed only when the moisture content was in a certain range.That is,the critical state seemed to be existed in the transformation process.

世界建筑遗产的保护

时间：2012/7/10星期五晚19：00地点：湖南大学建筑学院一楼大报告厅主讲人：黄运昇Y.S.Huang美国弗吉尼亚大学终身教授主持人：陈飞虎教授,湖南大学建筑学院副院长/博导在2012年春季学期即将结束时,来自美国弗吉尼亚大学的黄运昇教授访问了湖南大学建筑学院,并为师生带来了一场有关＂世界建筑遗产保护＂的学术讲座。从巴黎圣母院到中国的长城,从法国的雨果（Hugo）到西班牙的梅里美（ProsperMerimee）,黄教授深入浅出的讲述了世界建筑遗产保护的起源、发展和现状。西方建筑遗产保护的思想起源于雨果等一些著名的作家的思考,如雨果认为不管未来的建筑是怎样的,新建的建筑不能割裂历史。梅里美不仅仅是一位文学家。

深圳大学学府医院交通规划分析与评价

本文通过对深圳大学学府医院基地本身和外围交通状况的研究,从宏观和微观两个层面进行剖析,从交通规划方案研究的必要性、特点及总体要求、交通规划目标及原则、交通系统优化、规划构想以及交通规划终极目标——人性化关怀等方面进行阐述大型三甲医院设计中交通问题的方方面面,从而提出目前大型医院停车难,交通拥堵的方法及对策。

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Hydrogen Atom Abstraction from Ethylene by Stoichiometric Zirconium Oxide Clusters

The reactions of cationic zirconium oxide clusters （ZrxOy^＋） with ethylene （C2H4） were investigated by using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer coupled with a laser ablation/supersonic expansion cluster source. Some hydrogen containing products （ZrO2）xH^＋（x=-1-4） were observed after the reaction. The density functional theory calculations indicate that apart from the common oxygen transfer reaction channel, the hydrogen abstraction channel can also occur in （ZrO2）x^＋＋C2H4, which supports that the observed （ZrO2）xH^＋ may be due to （ZrO2）x^＋＋C2H4→（ZrO2）xH^＋＋C2H3. The rate constants of different reaction channels were also calculated by Rice-Rarnsberger-Kassel-Marcus theory.

Classification of CBERS-2 Imagery with Fuzzy ARTMAP Classifier

A fuzzy ARTMAP classifier is adopted for a classification experiment of CBERS-2 imagery. The fundamental theory and processing about the algorithm are first introduced, followed with a land-use classification experiment in Shihezi County on CBERS-2 high resolution imagery. Three classifiers are compared: maximum likelihood classifier (MLC), error back propagation (BP) classifier, and fuzzy ARTMAP classifier. The comparison shows comparably better results for the fuzzy ARTMAP classifier, with overall classification accuracy of 9.9% and 4.6% higher than that of MLC and BP. The results also prove that the fuzzy ARTMAP classifier has better discernment in identifying bare soil on CBERS-2 imagery.

High-extensible scene graph framework based on component techniques

In this paper, a novel component-based scene graph is proposed, in which all objects in the scene are classified to different entities, and a scene can be represented as a hierarchical graph composed of the instances of entities. Each entity contains basic data and its operations which are encapsulated into the entity component. The entity possesses certain behaviours which are responses to rules and interaction defined by the high-level application. Such behaviours can be described by script or behaviours model. The component-based scene graph in the paper is more abstractive and high-level than traditional scene graphs. The contents of a scene could be extended flexibly by adding new entities and new entity components, and behaviour modification can be obtained by modifying the model components or behaviour scripts. Its robustness and efficiency are verified by many examples implemented in the Virtual Scenario developed by Peking University.

PROGRESS OF MARINE METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATION EXPERIMENT AT MAOMING OF SOUTH CHINA

The coastal area of southern China is frequently affected by marine meteorological disasters,and is also one of the key areas that influence the short-term climate change of China.Due to a lack of observational facilities and techniques,little has been done in this area in terms of operational weather monitoring and scientific research on atmospheric and marine environment.With the support of China Meteorological Administration (CMA) and Guangdong Meteorological Bureau (GMB),the Marine Meteorological Science Experiment Base (MMSEB) at Bohe,Maoming has been jointly established by Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology (GITMM) and Maoming Meteorological Bureau (MMB) of Guangdong Province after three years of hard work.It has become an integrated coastal observation base that is equipped with a complete set of sophisticated instruments.Equipment maintenance and data quality control procedures have been implemented to ensure the long-term,steady operation of the instruments and the availability of high quality data.Preliminary observations show that the data obtained by the MMSEB reveal many interesting features in the boundary layer structure and air-sea interaction in such disastrous weather as typhoons and sea fog.The MMSEB is expected to play an important role in the scientific research of disastrous weather related to marine meteorology.

New real-time image processing system for IRFPA

Influenced by detectors＇ material, manufacturing technology etc, every detector in infrared focal plane array （IRFPA） will output different voltages even if their input radiation flux is the same. And this is called non-uniformity of IRFPA. At the same time, the high background temperature, low temperature difference between targets and background and the low responsivity of IRFPA result in low contrast of infrared images. So non-uniformity correction and image enhancement are important techniques for IRFPA imaging system. This paper proposes a new real-time infrared image processing system based on Field Programmable Gate Array（FPGA）. The system implements non-uniformity correction, image enhancernent and video synthesization etc. By using parallel architecture and pipeline technique, the system processing speed is as high as 50Mx12bits per second. It is appropriate greatly to a large IRFPA and a high frame frequency IRFPA imaging system. The system is miniatured in one FPGA.

In vivo Toxicity of Beta-cyfluthrin Insecticide against the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus （Olivier）

The red palm weevil （RPW） Rhynchophorusferrugineus is one of the most invasive insect pests causing massive damage on date palms over the world. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticide beta-cyfluthrin has been evaluated against developmental stages of RPW under laboratory conditions. These stages were exposed to residual film of the insecticide on transparent cups using a Potter precision laboratory spray tower. Percent mortality of males and females were recorded 0.5, 2.0 and 24 h after treatment. Furthermore, date palm offshoots were infested in mesh house, two months later, offshoots treated with 300 ppm （p.g/mL） beta-eyfluthrin using two methods dipping and injection. Bioassay test showed beta-cyfluthrin at 300 ppm caused 86,7% and 93,3% mortality against males and females after 2 h respectively with LC50 135.74 and 109.4 ppm. By increasing the concentration at 400 ppm, mortality reached 100% against males and females after 24 h, Developmental stages, eggs and larvae were more sensitive toward the insecticide, where at 120 ppm no eggs hatched after 96 h and 86.7% mortality was recorded at 200 ppm against larvae after 30 rain with LC50 93.19 ppm. In addition, dipping method of date palm offshoots in 300 ppm beta-cyfluthrin was a very convenient way to control all RPW stages compared to injection method. So, it possible to recommend this method for treating the date palm offshoots in such insecticide as one of the most important elements of integrated pest management for standardizing insecticide based quarantine protocols.

Real-Time Observation of Protein Transport across Membranes by Femtosecond Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy

Characterization of conformation kinetics of proteins at the interfaces is crucial for understanding the biornolecular functions and the mechanisms of interfacial biological action. But it requires to capture the dynamic structures of proteins at the interfaces with suffi- cient structural and temporal resolutions. Here, we demonstrate that a ferntosecond sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy （SFG-VS） system developed by our group provides a powerful tool for monitoring the real-tirne peptide transport across the membranes with time resolution of less than one second. By probing the real-time SFG signals in the arnide I and arnide A bands as WALP23 interacts with DMPG lipid bilayer, it is found that WALP23 is initially absorbed at the gel-phase DMPG bilayer with a random coil structure. The absorption of WALP23 on the surface leads to the surface charge reversal and thus changes the orientation of rnembrane-bound water. As the DMPG bilayer changes from gel phase into fluid phase, WALP23 inserts into the fluid-phase bilayer with its N-terminal end moving across the membrane, which causes the membrane dehydration and the transition of WALP23 conformation from random coil to mixed helix/loop structure and then to pure α-helical structure. The established system is ready to be employed in characterizing other interracial fast processes, which will be certainly helpful for providing a clear physical picture of the interracial phenomena.

Stress and noises of steel box girders in Sutong Bridge

Sutong Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 1 088 m. 370 high-precision stress monitoring measured data show that in the process of hoisting the steel box girders,the stress of the main girders is in the fluctuant and complex state and many meteorological factors,such as sunshine radiation,temperature and wind,have important influence on the change of stress of the steel box girders. According to the real-time weather data,the stress data after the process of wavelet denoising from representative measuring points in different weather conditions is picked to establish the stress response brought by meteorological factors with Layered Separation method,thereby basically eliminating the influence of meteorological factors on the stress of main girders,so that accurate and reliable stress data can be got for steel box girders adjustment and cable-tensioned construction control.

旅顺口的旧官邸与新住宅,新旧建筑的并存与发展——谈旅顺开世嘉年小区规划设计

结合开世嘉年小区的规划设计,探讨了在历史地段的再生途径之一,即植入新居住职能,同时探讨了在规划设计中对于历史建筑保护的一种处理方式和态度,以及对于历史遗留原生态树木的保护及合理利用方式。同时结合度假类住宅的产品定位,建筑设计在对西班牙建筑风格的创作上进行了创新。

The Garden of Finzi-Continis, Compassion, and the Struggle to Affirm Identity

This work investigates De Sica＇s depiction of compassion proposing new ways of examining the film. Remaining faithful to his neorealist responsibility to denounce the plight of others and the experience associated to World War Two, the director offers models of compassion associated with past circumstances and the subsequent recollection of them. In other instance, compassion becomes the result of imaginative and elaborated descriptions that contrast with the neorealist aesthetic. These creative depictions suggest compassion through technical elements. For instance, the usage of flashbacks, the long shots of the garden, the close-ups and tracking shots on specific components of the environment, the soft focus on certain characters are ways to reflect on past circumstances to outline a new awareness and perspective.