Glycerol is one of the most important biomass-based platform molecules,massively produced as a by-product in the biodiesel industry.Its high purification cost from the crude glycerol raw material limits its applicatio...Glycerol is one of the most important biomass-based platform molecules,massively produced as a by-product in the biodiesel industry.Its high purification cost from the crude glycerol raw material limits its application and demands new strategies for valorization.Compared to the conventional thermocatalytic strategies,the electrocatalytic strategies can not only enable the selective conversion at mild conditions but also pair up the cathodic reactions for the co-production with higher efficiencies.In this review,we summarize the recent advances of catalyst designs and mechanistic understandings for the electrocatalytic glycerol oxidation(GOR),and aim to provide an overview of the GOR process and the intrinsic structural-activity correlation for inspiring future work in this field.The review is dissected into three sections.We will first introduce the recent efforts of designing more efficient and selective catalysts for GOR,especially toward the production of value-added products.Then,we will summarize the current understandings about the reaction network based on the ex-situ and in-situ spectroscopic studies as well as the theoretical works.Lastly,we will select some representative examples of creating real electrochemical devices for the valorization of glycerol.By summarizing these previous efforts,we will provide our vision of future directions in the field of GOR toward real applications.展开更多
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is becoming much more international and widely accepted. More and more foreign students come to China's Mainland to study this great yet mysterious discipline. However, the curre...Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is becoming much more international and widely accepted. More and more foreign students come to China's Mainland to study this great yet mysterious discipline. However, the current teaching methods are far from satisfaction. This paper analyzes some existing problems and contradictions present in the teaching practices and suggests some measures for improvement.展开更多
Flexible structure dynamics with collocated force actuators and position sensors lead to negative imaginary （NI） systems. In this paper, the authors study the extension of NI theory to descriptor systems. The author...Flexible structure dynamics with collocated force actuators and position sensors lead to negative imaginary （NI） systems. In this paper, the authors study the extension of NI theory to descriptor systems. The authors derive an NI lemma for descriptor systems. This is done by using the transformation from positive real （PR） system to NI system. Then, the Weierstrass Form transformation was involved to transform A and E matrices to be in a special form. An illustrative example is presented to support the result. Negative imaginary systems, positive real systems, descriptor systems, Negative imaginary lemma.展开更多
Culture is one of the important properties of language, and language can not be separated from society and culture. Every language is the reflection of culture with profound cultural connotations. Many experts and sch...Culture is one of the important properties of language, and language can not be separated from society and culture. Every language is the reflection of culture with profound cultural connotations. Many experts and scholars have generally agreed that intercultural communication competence is an important purpose of language learning. The process of learning English is the process to understand and master English cultural and knowledge, and mastery degree of English-speaking countries and cultural knowledge directly affects practical skills of one person.展开更多
This research developed the technology which united ISO-GUM （International Organization of Standard-Guide to Express of Uncertainty in Measurement） and QE （Quality Engineer） strategically and employed both feature...This research developed the technology which united ISO-GUM （International Organization of Standard-Guide to Express of Uncertainty in Measurement） and QE （Quality Engineer） strategically and employed both feature efficiently. Although to tow technology of purpose use is same, each has future. The purpose is scheduled to improve the accuracy as a result of the clinical examinations. The result of research was used for diagnosis by equivalent Quality Control （eqQC） of the same level when and where, that are needed for broader-based medical system of the time of IT-era. Since National Institute of Standard and Technology （NIST） is recommend use of complicated operation by ISO-GUM for uniting, realization required the newest high quality computer technology. The algorithm of the complexity system of operation is that Fast Fourier Transform （FFT）, Inverse Fast Fourier Transform （IFFT） and Multi-variance Analysis （MA） are needed in Fig. 4. The main new improving points are changed of ambiguous expression method of data, and the pursuit which the cause of worsens accuracy put into data. All data with an assurance reported the final result for patient or donor. Medical laboratory quality system service is offered essential in the laboratory to be correct result for health care by Good Laboratory Practices （GLP） useful ISO 15189. Quality Assurance （QA） is achieved though system reliability.展开更多
文摘Glycerol is one of the most important biomass-based platform molecules,massively produced as a by-product in the biodiesel industry.Its high purification cost from the crude glycerol raw material limits its application and demands new strategies for valorization.Compared to the conventional thermocatalytic strategies,the electrocatalytic strategies can not only enable the selective conversion at mild conditions but also pair up the cathodic reactions for the co-production with higher efficiencies.In this review,we summarize the recent advances of catalyst designs and mechanistic understandings for the electrocatalytic glycerol oxidation(GOR),and aim to provide an overview of the GOR process and the intrinsic structural-activity correlation for inspiring future work in this field.The review is dissected into three sections.We will first introduce the recent efforts of designing more efficient and selective catalysts for GOR,especially toward the production of value-added products.Then,we will summarize the current understandings about the reaction network based on the ex-situ and in-situ spectroscopic studies as well as the theoretical works.Lastly,we will select some representative examples of creating real electrochemical devices for the valorization of glycerol.By summarizing these previous efforts,we will provide our vision of future directions in the field of GOR toward real applications.
文摘Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is becoming much more international and widely accepted. More and more foreign students come to China's Mainland to study this great yet mysterious discipline. However, the current teaching methods are far from satisfaction. This paper analyzes some existing problems and contradictions present in the teaching practices and suggests some measures for improvement.
文摘Flexible structure dynamics with collocated force actuators and position sensors lead to negative imaginary （NI） systems. In this paper, the authors study the extension of NI theory to descriptor systems. The authors derive an NI lemma for descriptor systems. This is done by using the transformation from positive real （PR） system to NI system. Then, the Weierstrass Form transformation was involved to transform A and E matrices to be in a special form. An illustrative example is presented to support the result. Negative imaginary systems, positive real systems, descriptor systems, Negative imaginary lemma.
文摘Culture is one of the important properties of language, and language can not be separated from society and culture. Every language is the reflection of culture with profound cultural connotations. Many experts and scholars have generally agreed that intercultural communication competence is an important purpose of language learning. The process of learning English is the process to understand and master English cultural and knowledge, and mastery degree of English-speaking countries and cultural knowledge directly affects practical skills of one person.
文摘This research developed the technology which united ISO-GUM （International Organization of Standard-Guide to Express of Uncertainty in Measurement） and QE （Quality Engineer） strategically and employed both feature efficiently. Although to tow technology of purpose use is same, each has future. The purpose is scheduled to improve the accuracy as a result of the clinical examinations. The result of research was used for diagnosis by equivalent Quality Control （eqQC） of the same level when and where, that are needed for broader-based medical system of the time of IT-era. Since National Institute of Standard and Technology （NIST） is recommend use of complicated operation by ISO-GUM for uniting, realization required the newest high quality computer technology. The algorithm of the complexity system of operation is that Fast Fourier Transform （FFT）, Inverse Fast Fourier Transform （IFFT） and Multi-variance Analysis （MA） are needed in Fig. 4. The main new improving points are changed of ambiguous expression method of data, and the pursuit which the cause of worsens accuracy put into data. All data with an assurance reported the final result for patient or donor. Medical laboratory quality system service is offered essential in the laboratory to be correct result for health care by Good Laboratory Practices （GLP） useful ISO 15189. Quality Assurance （QA） is achieved though system reliability.
