To realize potential cost savings in coastal monitoring programs and provide timely advice for marine management, there is an urgent need for efficient evaluation tools based on easily measured variables for the rapid...To realize potential cost savings in coastal monitoring programs and provide timely advice for marine management, there is an urgent need for efficient evaluation tools based on easily measured variables for the rapid and timely assessment of estuarine and offshore eutrophication. In this study, using parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC), principal component analysis(PCA), and discriminant function analysis(DFA) with the trophic index(TRIX) for reference, we developed an approach for rapidly assessing the eutrophication status of coastal waters using easy-to-measure parameters, including chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM), fluorescence excitation–emission matrices, CDOM UV-Vis absorbance, and other water-quality parameters(turbidity, chlorophyll a, and dissolved oxygen). First, we decomposed CDOM excitation-emission matrices(EEMs) by PARAFAC to identify three components. Then, we applied PCA to simplify the complexity of the relationships between the water-quality parameters. Finally, we used the PCA score values as independent variables in DFA to develop a eutrophication assessment model. The developed model yielded classification accuracy rates of 97.1%, 80.5%, 90.3%, and 89.1% for good, moderate, and poor water qualities, and for the overall data sets, respectively. Our results suggest that these easy-to-measure parameters could be used to develop a simple approach for rapid in-situ assessment and monitoring of the eutrophication of estuarine and offshore areas.展开更多
Studied the changes of heat physical parameters, gas concentration of O_2, CO,CH_4 and H_2, and temperature through full scale wood fire experiments in a tunnel and simulationby FLUNET, a kind of computational fluid d...Studied the changes of heat physical parameters, gas concentration of O_2, CO,CH_4 and H_2, and temperature through full scale wood fire experiments in a tunnel and simulationby FLUNET, a kind of computational fluid dynamics software.The results showthat the wood fire experiment and simulation are both oxygen-enriched combustions,which show that the simulation results coincide with the experiment.The results also provethat it is difficult for oxygen-enriched combustion to cause secondary disasters.Somesuggestions were put forward to prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters effectively.展开更多
This study aims the physico-chemical characterization of surface water of the Bir M＇Cherga reservoir and its effluents which are located in Zaghouan governorate of Tunisia. It required measures in situ of physicochem...This study aims the physico-chemical characterization of surface water of the Bir M＇Cherga reservoir and its effluents which are located in Zaghouan governorate of Tunisia. It required measures in situ of physicochemical parameters and chemical analysis at laboratory of major element and nutritive salts. The results of this study revealed the presence of pollutants in the Miliane river at El Fahs area and the eutrophication of water in the Bit M＇Cherga reservoir. According to the classification of Stuyfzand and Piper, water in the wadis of Melah, Hdada, Miliane and Boudebbane respectively is brackish, salty, extremely hard, chlorinated, sulphated, calcic, and magnesic. Water in the Bir M＇Cherga reservoir is characterized by calcic facies chlorinated sulphated and sodic. Thus, the Bir M＇Cherga reservoir presents a worrying situation and a risk of qualitative degradation of its water.展开更多
The potential impact of climate change on international and domestic concern. This study aims water eutrophication and ecosystems is of great to analyze the impact of climate change on algal bloom problems in large ri...The potential impact of climate change on international and domestic concern. This study aims water eutrophication and ecosystems is of great to analyze the impact of climate change on algal bloom problems in large river systems by utilizing a parametric river eutrophication model that is established using indicators of climate change, hydrological regimes, water quality and nutrient loads. Specifically, the developed parametric modeling method is based on statistical and simulation methods including： Multiple Linear Regressions （MLR）, Multiple Non-linear Regressions （MNR）, Artificial Neural Network （ANN） based on Back-propagation （BP） algorithms, as well as an integrated river eutrophication model. The developed model was applied to Han River, which is one of the major sources of fresh water in Wuhan City, China. The impacts of climate change and human activities on the occurrence mechanisms of algal blooms in the Hart River were identified by scenarios analysis. The individual assessment result indicates that the waste nutrient P load has the most significant impact （14.82%）, followed by the flow rate （5.56%） and then by temperature （3.7%）. For the integrated climate change assessment, it has been found that there is a significant impact （20.37%） when waste load increases and flow rate decreases at the same time. This is followed by increases but flow rate decreases, increase of both waste load and the impact is predicted to be 11 temperature （15.82%）. If temperature 11%. The final results point to human activities as a significant influence on water quality and the Han River ecosystem, temperature is also one of the main factors which directly contribute to algal blooms in Han River. The results in present study are expected to give theoretical supports for further relevant research on water eutrophication.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41376106)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. ZR2013DM017)
文摘To realize potential cost savings in coastal monitoring programs and provide timely advice for marine management, there is an urgent need for efficient evaluation tools based on easily measured variables for the rapid and timely assessment of estuarine and offshore eutrophication. In this study, using parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC), principal component analysis(PCA), and discriminant function analysis(DFA) with the trophic index(TRIX) for reference, we developed an approach for rapidly assessing the eutrophication status of coastal waters using easy-to-measure parameters, including chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM), fluorescence excitation–emission matrices, CDOM UV-Vis absorbance, and other water-quality parameters(turbidity, chlorophyll a, and dissolved oxygen). First, we decomposed CDOM excitation-emission matrices(EEMs) by PARAFAC to identify three components. Then, we applied PCA to simplify the complexity of the relationships between the water-quality parameters. Finally, we used the PCA score values as independent variables in DFA to develop a eutrophication assessment model. The developed model yielded classification accuracy rates of 97.1%, 80.5%, 90.3%, and 89.1% for good, moderate, and poor water qualities, and for the overall data sets, respectively. Our results suggest that these easy-to-measure parameters could be used to develop a simple approach for rapid in-situ assessment and monitoring of the eutrophication of estuarine and offshore areas.
基金Supported by the National"Eleventh Five-Year"Key Scientific and Technological Support Program Project(2007BAK22B04)2008 Independent Task(SKLCRSM08B12)
文摘Studied the changes of heat physical parameters, gas concentration of O_2, CO,CH_4 and H_2, and temperature through full scale wood fire experiments in a tunnel and simulationby FLUNET, a kind of computational fluid dynamics software.The results showthat the wood fire experiment and simulation are both oxygen-enriched combustions,which show that the simulation results coincide with the experiment.The results also provethat it is difficult for oxygen-enriched combustion to cause secondary disasters.Somesuggestions were put forward to prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters effectively.
文摘This study aims the physico-chemical characterization of surface water of the Bir M＇Cherga reservoir and its effluents which are located in Zaghouan governorate of Tunisia. It required measures in situ of physicochemical parameters and chemical analysis at laboratory of major element and nutritive salts. The results of this study revealed the presence of pollutants in the Miliane river at El Fahs area and the eutrophication of water in the Bit M＇Cherga reservoir. According to the classification of Stuyfzand and Piper, water in the wadis of Melah, Hdada, Miliane and Boudebbane respectively is brackish, salty, extremely hard, chlorinated, sulphated, calcic, and magnesic. Water in the Bir M＇Cherga reservoir is characterized by calcic facies chlorinated sulphated and sodic. Thus, the Bir M＇Cherga reservoir presents a worrying situation and a risk of qualitative degradation of its water.
基金supported by the Commonweal Project (200801001) of Ministry of Water Resources, People’s Republic of China
文摘The potential impact of climate change on international and domestic concern. This study aims water eutrophication and ecosystems is of great to analyze the impact of climate change on algal bloom problems in large river systems by utilizing a parametric river eutrophication model that is established using indicators of climate change, hydrological regimes, water quality and nutrient loads. Specifically, the developed parametric modeling method is based on statistical and simulation methods including： Multiple Linear Regressions （MLR）, Multiple Non-linear Regressions （MNR）, Artificial Neural Network （ANN） based on Back-propagation （BP） algorithms, as well as an integrated river eutrophication model. The developed model was applied to Han River, which is one of the major sources of fresh water in Wuhan City, China. The impacts of climate change and human activities on the occurrence mechanisms of algal blooms in the Hart River were identified by scenarios analysis. The individual assessment result indicates that the waste nutrient P load has the most significant impact （14.82%）, followed by the flow rate （5.56%） and then by temperature （3.7%）. For the integrated climate change assessment, it has been found that there is a significant impact （20.37%） when waste load increases and flow rate decreases at the same time. This is followed by increases but flow rate decreases, increase of both waste load and the impact is predicted to be 11 temperature （15.82%）. If temperature 11%. The final results point to human activities as a significant influence on water quality and the Han River ecosystem, temperature is also one of the main factors which directly contribute to algal blooms in Han River. The results in present study are expected to give theoretical supports for further relevant research on water eutrophication.
