利用“对比法”巧学非限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句既是定语从句中的重要类型，也是历届高考的热点之一。用“对比法”学习该语法可谓事半功倍。

浅谈“对比法”在初中物理教学中的应用

＂对比法＂是研究物理学的重要方法,同样也是初中物理教学的重要手段.在初中物理教学中运用＂对比法＂不仅有利于加深学生对知识的理解,加强知识板块之间的链接,也能够帮助学生理清思路,熟悉物理概念,明确物理规律,学会物理实验以及开拓物理思维.基于此,笔者从教学实例出发,就如何在初中物理教学中合理而科学地运用＂对比法＂进行简单论述,旨在成为引玉之砖,真正为推动初中物理高效教学做出努力.

舆论监督方法探析

在新闻舆论监督中，如何使报道更生动活泼，使说理更透彻、揭露更深刻、主题更鲜明？笔者以为，使用“对比法”和“反衬法”，不失为一种好的选择。“对比法”和“反衬法”．就是记者把自己要批评、揭露的矛盾或问题，拿出来与其它事物或事物的其它方面，在某一对比点上进行比较，对照，从而达到说明问题，揭露矛盾，深化主题的目的。对比法最大的好处，就是增强报道的说服力和权威性。

正反对比,说理深刻——“对比法”写法示例

【一技】 对比法即对比论证法，是指在议论过程中采用正反对比论证的写作手法。比如贾谊的《过秦论》就使用了对比论证的手法，文章通过秦国本身先强后弱，先盛后衰，先兴旺后灭亡的对比，秦与九国之师的对比，陈涉军队与九国之师的对比，秦与陈涉的对比，四组对比，贯穿全文，环环相扣，层层推进，最后得出文章的主旨：“仁义不施而攻守之势异也。”

对口联姻巧做媒——介绍几种高中生物知识记忆方法

高中生物学的内容可谓丰富多彩，需要记忆的重要知识也很多，特别是有些知识比较抽象，给同学们的记忆增加了一定的负担。如果巧妙设计记忆方法，便可激发学习兴趣．起到事半功倍的效果。这里把生物知识记忆方法概括为“对口联姻（音）巧做（作）媒”，即“对比法”、“口诀法”、“联想法”、“谐音法”、“巧列表法”、“作序法”和“媒体法”。

“四法”贯通波动图象

在“机械振动和机械波”的教学中，仅看教材，似乎没有任何难于理解的知识内容，但大部分学生一遇到相关习题却显得束手无策，本文作者仅就应用“对比法”“正交法”“平移法”“万能波形法”上好横波波动图象专题课发表浅议．

巧解振动波动图象问题

在“机械振动”和“机械波”两章的教学中，仅看教材，似乎没有任何难于理解的知识内容，但大部分学生一遇到相关习题却显得束手无策，本文作者仅就应用“对比法”、“正交法”、“平移法”、“万能波形法”上好横波波动图象专题课发表浅议．

对资产负债表的理性分析

笔者对如何解读资产负债表提出“剥笋法”和“对比法”两种理性分析。

Fast algorithm for constructing neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees

To improve the performance of Saitou and Nei＇s algorithm （SN） and Studier and Keppler＇s improved algorithm （SK） for constructing neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees and reduce the time complexity of the computation, a fast algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm includes three techniques. First, a linear array A[N] is introduced to store the sum of every row of the distance matrix （the same as SK）, which can eliminate many repeated computations. Secondly, the value of A [i] is computed only once at the beginning of the algorithm, and is updated by three elements in the iteration. Thirdly, a very compact formula for the sum of all the branch lengths of operational taxonomic units （OTUs） i and j is designed, and the correctness of the formula is proved. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is from tens to hundreds times faster than SN and roughly two times faster than SK when N increases, constructing a tree with 2 000 OTUs in 3 min on a current desktop computer. To earn the time with the cost of the space and reduce the computations in the innermost loop are the basic solutions for algorithms with many loops.

Contrast and study on grammar teaching

The author adopts the research methods of presentations → contrasts → analyses by perceiving the drawbacks of traditional Chinese grammar teaching based on her overseas study experience as well as the understanding and study on the overseas related teaching methods, tries to use some new concepts and practice of foreign countries for reference, and works out the way to improve the traditional Chinese teaching methods.

Non-thermal ablation of rabbit liver VX2 tumor by pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound with ultrasound contrast agent:Pathological characteristics

AIM： To investigate the pathological characteristics of non-thermal damage induced by pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound （PHIFU） combined with ultrasound contrast agent （UCA）, SonoVue （Bracco SpA, Milan, Italy） in rabbit liver VX2 tumor. METHODS： Liver VX2 tumor models were established in 20 rabbits, which were divided randomly into PHIFU combined with ultrasound contrast agent group （PHIFU ＋ UCA group） and sham group. In the PHIFU ＋ UCA group, 0.2 mL of SonoVue was injected intravenously into the tumor, followed by ultrasound exposure of Isp 5900 W/cm^2. The rabbits were sacrificed one day after ultrasound exposure. Specimens of the exposed tumor tissues were obtained and observed pathologically under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. The remaining tumor tissues were sent for 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. RESULTS： Before Trc staining, tumor tissues in both the sham and the PHIFU ＋ UCA groups resembled gray fish meat, After TIC staining, the tumor tissues were uniformly stained red, with a clear boundary between tumor tissue and normal tissue, Histological examination showed signs of tumor cell injury in PHIFU ＋ UCA group, with cytoplasmic vacuoles of various sizes, chromatin margination and karyopyknosis. Electron microscopic examination revealed tumor cell volume reduction, karyopyknosis, chromatin margination, intercellular space widening, the presence of high electro＇n-density apoptotic bodies and vacuoles in cytoplasm. CONCLUSION： The non-thermal effects of PHIFU combined with UCA can be used to ablate rabbit liver VX2 tumors.

Building Long-Term Care Insurance System in China

The objective is to explore the foundation of the elderly long-term care insurance system in China, which is to face the problem resulted from aging of the population. Adopting the contrastive analysis to introduce briefly the long-term care insurance system in German, Japan and America for our learning. Therefore, China＇s long-term care insurance system could not totally indiscriminately imitate the mandatory long-term care insurance system in German and Japan, it also could not copy the business model of nursing insurance system in America. The conclusion is that long-term care insurance system in China should use the experience of developed countries based on the basic national conditions, doing some relative works, such as establishing policies and regulations, strengthening personnel training, and improving the market specification.

Improved designed method of pervious concrete based on optimal volume ratio of paste to aggregate

An improved design method of pervious concrete was proposed to lower the deviation between the designed and actual porosity and maintain both mechanical property and permeability of pervious concrete. The improved design method is mainly based on the optimal volume ratio of paste to aggregate(VRPA), which was determined by testing the average thickness of cement paste coating aggregate. The performances of pervious concrete designed by the traditional method and the improved one were compared. The results show that with the increase of designed porosity, the reduction of compressive strength and flexural strength of pervious concrete designed by the improved method is significantly smaller than those designed by the traditional one. The maximum deviation between the designed and actual porosity of the pervious concrete by the improved method is only 1.54%, which is far less than 8.7% obtained by the traditional one. Micro-structural analysis shows that the porous distribution of pervious concrete designed by improved method exhibits better uniformity.

Contrastive Analysis of the Middle Construction

The English Middle Construction (EMC), as a piculiar syntactic structure, shares its semantic features, but diversifies in its syntactic configuration compared with other languages. This paper tries to have a contrast study of the Middle Construcitons between English and Chinese and find the two languages share the same semantic features that the incompatibility between the semantic quantitatives (SQs) of the Adverb (Adjunct in the syntactic term) and the SQs of the Verb denoted by the predicate of MC leads to the deactivization of the predicate by means of the Adjunct, functioning as a quantitative device, assign delimitation to the predicate, hence ensures the grammaticality of the construction. But syntatically, we agree that the NP Movement Approach accounts for the formation of EMC, while we argue in Chinese it is the verb raising that results in the MC. This paper first represents the structural representation of the English Middle Construction; then the structural analysis is elaborated in comparison with that in Chinese, based on the previous studies; and finally the motivations of the Ecs in the perspective of syntactic and semantic functions are explored and hence a new hypothesis is raised to probe the similar construction in Chinese.

Time difference based measurement of ultrasonic cavitations in wastewater treatment

Intensity of cavitation is significant in ultrasonic wastewater treatment,but is complicated to measure.A time difference based method of ultrasonic cavitation measurement is proposed.The time differences at different powers of 495 kHz ultrasonic are measured in experiment in comparison with conductimetric method.Simulation results show that time difference and electrical conductivity are both approximately positive proportional to the ultrasonic power.The degradation of PNP solution verifies the availability in wastewater treatment by using ultrasonic.

Study on oil–source correlation by analyzing organic geochemistry characteristics: a case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the south of Ordos Basin, China

In the south of the Ordos Basin, the oil source of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation is confused all the time, which affects further exploration. In this study, oil sources from the oil layers of Ch6, Ch8 and Ch9 are all analyzed and confirmed. Through their carbon isotope value and biomarkers, characteristics of crude oils from the Yanchang Formation are analyzed. Then, the oil–source relation is discussed, with the source rocks' features.Finally, the oil–source relation is calculated through cluster analysis. It is believed that the oils from the Yanchang Formation deposit in a similar redox environment, with weak oxidation–weak reduction, and have all entered maturity stage. Ch9 crude oil is more mature than crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8, and has more advanced plants and fewer algae. Gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) analysis show that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 may come from Ch7, and Ch9 crude oil may not. Cluster analysis displays that crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 have closer squared Euclidean distance with Ch7 source rocks than Ch9 crude oil does,indicating crude oils from Ch6 and Ch8 stem from Ch7 source rocks. And Ch9 crude oil has rather close squared Euclidean distance with Ch9 source rocks, illustrating Ch9 crude oil may be from Ch9 source rocks. This research may provide the theoretical basis for the next exploration deploy in the south of Ordos Basin.

Research on Computer Image Enhancement and Image Scratch Repair

In general there is a digital image with noise, low contrast, blnrred edges and other defects. To effectively enhance the contrast of the image blur to meet the requirements of the subsequent identification and detection. This paper presents a fuzzy adaptive image contrast enhancement algorithm based on gray entropy. This method not only enhances the overall image contrast, but also effectively enrich the target image detail information, and suppress the noise amplification. Meanwhile, the paper proposes an improved K and P parameters image restoration algorithm. The algorithm combines both isotropic and anisotropic diffusion, the use of regional differences in the frequency achieved in the different regions use different iterative equation. Experimental results show that the algorithm with TV model algorithm compared with the same premise of restorative effects, avoiding the staircase effect and better than the TV model repair speed.

A New Approximation to the Jacobian Logarithm Suitable for MAP Decoding in BICM-ID

In this paper, a new method to approximate the compensation term in the Jacobian logarithm used by the MAP decoder is proposed. Using the proposed approximation, the complex functions In（.） and exp（.） in the Exact-log-MAP algorithm can be estimated with high accuracy and lower computational complexity. The efficacy of the proposed approximation is investigated and demonstrated by applying it to iteratively decoded BICM （Bit Interleaved Coded Modulation）.

对比法在静电场教学中的应用

“对比法”是物理教学中一种行之有效的方法．所谓对比（比较），是指确定研究对象之间差异点和相似点的思维过程和方法；是进行抽象与概括的前提．对比法应用到物理教学中，就是将陌生的物理（过程）现象与学生熟悉的物理（过程）现象进行比较，从而揭示出物理过程或现象的本质．许多物理概念规律都是在大量现象和事实的基础上通过科学抽象建立起来的，