It is very significant for urban development and urban wetland protection and utilization to probe into the process and reasons of urban wetland landscape dynamics. Taking the information of remote sensing and detaile...It is very significant for urban development and urban wetland protection and utilization to probe into the process and reasons of urban wetland landscape dynamics. Taking the information of remote sensing and detailed land survey data as the basic information sources, with the help of RS and GIS, according to the principles and methods of landscape ecology, this paper analyzed wetland landscape pattern dynamics and its reasons in Kaifeng City, Henan Province of China, from 1987 to 2002. The results show that the total wetland area in Kaifeng City firstly reduced by 20.1% from 1987 to 1990 and then increased from 1990 to 2002, with an average annual growth rate of 3.3%. At the same time, landscape fragment degree and landscape dominance degree increased, respectively from 0.64 to 0.72 and from 0.3754 to 0.5563, but mean patch area, maximum patch area, patch fractal dimension reduced. As far as single landscape element concerned, fi＇om 1987 to 2002, patch area, patch number, patch density, patch shape and patch location changed in varying degrees in all wetland types in Kaifeng City, among which rice field changed most and others relatively less. In the recent 20 years, rice fields, lake wetlands, puddles and ponds had a higher stability, but river and bottomland wetlands were mostly transformed to land use types. The change of wetland landscape pattern was the result of the combined action of the Huanghe （Yellow） River, urban expansion, wide cultivation of rice, and rapid development of fishery. Among them human activities were the main driving factors for wetland landscape changes.展开更多
Aiming at facilitating the research of urban tourism image positioning,this paper summarizes the domestic and abroad theories on urban tourism image and analyzes its significance for cities.With Dengfeng as an example...Aiming at facilitating the research of urban tourism image positioning,this paper summarizes the domestic and abroad theories on urban tourism image and analyzes its significance for cities.With Dengfeng as an example,its goal is to boost development of Dengfeng tourism,which is an excellent tourism city in China.This paper presents its current urban tourism developing situation,positions its tourism image,concludes the plan of image brand and proposes promotional slogans based on the analysis of Dengfeng tourism local features,its core elements and perceptions of visitors.展开更多
Some field experiments of aerosols had been carried out over the arid and semi-arid regions in China over the past 30 years,but there were little learning of the semi-arid region of Loess Plateau.Using Version 2.0 Lev...Some field experiments of aerosols had been carried out over the arid and semi-arid regions in China over the past 30 years,but there were little learning of the semi-arid region of Loess Plateau.Using Version 2.0 Level 2.0 dataset from the AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network)Lanzhou_city site,the aerosol optical properties during dusty and non-dusty periods in winter and spring when air pollution frequently occured most frequently were demonstrated.A comparison of the same parameters between Lanzhou and Beijing for spring was also analyzed.Some new information was gained concerning aerosol optical properties over the semi-arid region of Loess Plateau.The results show that the aerosol properties measured during dusty and non-dusty periods are significantly different at Lanzhou,particularly in spring,and also different from those at Beijing.展开更多
Due to the industrialisation and rapid urbanisation after 1950＇s, housing demand has increased together with an insufficient housing production to meet the need in Turkey. As a consequence of the large deficit betwee...Due to the industrialisation and rapid urbanisation after 1950＇s, housing demand has increased together with an insufficient housing production to meet the need in Turkey. As a consequence of the large deficit between the annual housing demand and supply, squatter housing construction was the major means for shelter of low income families who can not have their place in the housing market as buyers. Squatter houses are located either on the peripheries of the cities or mostly outside of the urban boundaries on public land or illegally subdivided land by creating many physical, social and environmental problems. After 1990＇s, depending on the globalisation wind and neo-liberal policies that enriched the new elites who have new life styles, the housing capital focused on these group. After 1999 earthquake in Turkey, the fear of possible earthquake has also changed the housing preference as from the high-rise apartment buildings to the lower detached houses. As a consequence of this supply-demand chain, the private housing investment was directed to the gated communities which are isolated settlements with restricted access, so that public spaces are privatised or their use is prohibited or controlled on the edge of the metropoliten cities. These settlements also have physical and social problems. This paper will analyze the change of urban periphery, location and relation with the natural thresholds and the main transportation system of these settlements of Turkey in the light of literature review and some development plans and interview with real estate developers and users.展开更多
Development of Xiong'an New District(XND) is integral to the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) Integration Initiative. It is intended to ease the non-capital functions of Beijing, optimize regional ...Development of Xiong'an New District(XND) is integral to the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) Integration Initiative. It is intended to ease the non-capital functions of Beijing, optimize regional spatial patterns, and enhance ecosystem services and living environment in this urban agglomeration. Applying multi-stage remote sensing(RS) images, land use/cover change(LUCC) data, ecosystem services assessment data, and high-precision urban land-cover information, we reveal the regional land-cover characteristics of this new district as well as across the planned area of the entire BTH urban agglomeration. Corresponding ecological protection and management strategies are also proposed. Results indicated that built-up areas were rapidly expanding, leading to a continuous impervious surface at high density. Urban and impervious surface areas(ISAs) grew at rates 1.27 and 1.43 times higher than that in the 2000 s, respectively, seriously affecting about 15% area of the sub-basins. Construction of XND mainly encompasses Xiongxian, Rongcheng, and Anxin counties, areas which predominantly comprise farmland, townships and rural settlements, water, and wetland ecosystems. The development and construction of XND should ease the non-capital functions of Beijing, as well as moderately control population and industrial growth. Thus, this development should be included within the national ‘sponge city' construction pilot area in early planning stages, and reference should be made to international low-impact development modes in order to strengthen urban green infrastructural construction. Early stage planning based on the existing characteristics of the underlying surface should consider the construction of green ecological patches and ecological corridors between XND and the cities of Baoding, Beijing, and Tianjin. The proportion of impervious surfaces should not exceed 60%, while that of the core area should not exceed 70%. The development of XND needs to initiate the concept of ‘planning a city according to water resource amount' and incorporate rainwater collection and recycling.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Key Research Institution of Education Ministry (No. YRCSD-06B-06)
文摘It is very significant for urban development and urban wetland protection and utilization to probe into the process and reasons of urban wetland landscape dynamics. Taking the information of remote sensing and detailed land survey data as the basic information sources, with the help of RS and GIS, according to the principles and methods of landscape ecology, this paper analyzed wetland landscape pattern dynamics and its reasons in Kaifeng City, Henan Province of China, from 1987 to 2002. The results show that the total wetland area in Kaifeng City firstly reduced by 20.1% from 1987 to 1990 and then increased from 1990 to 2002, with an average annual growth rate of 3.3%. At the same time, landscape fragment degree and landscape dominance degree increased, respectively from 0.64 to 0.72 and from 0.3754 to 0.5563, but mean patch area, maximum patch area, patch fractal dimension reduced. As far as single landscape element concerned, fi＇om 1987 to 2002, patch area, patch number, patch density, patch shape and patch location changed in varying degrees in all wetland types in Kaifeng City, among which rice field changed most and others relatively less. In the recent 20 years, rice fields, lake wetlands, puddles and ponds had a higher stability, but river and bottomland wetlands were mostly transformed to land use types. The change of wetland landscape pattern was the result of the combined action of the Huanghe （Yellow） River, urban expansion, wide cultivation of rice, and rapid development of fishery. Among them human activities were the main driving factors for wetland landscape changes.
文摘Aiming at facilitating the research of urban tourism image positioning,this paper summarizes the domestic and abroad theories on urban tourism image and analyzes its significance for cities.With Dengfeng as an example,its goal is to boost development of Dengfeng tourism,which is an excellent tourism city in China.This paper presents its current urban tourism developing situation,positions its tourism image,concludes the plan of image brand and proposes promotional slogans based on the analysis of Dengfeng tourism local features,its core elements and perceptions of visitors.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40975012)Foundation of Key Laboratory for Semiarid Climate Change of Ministry of Education in Lanzhou University and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.223-860011)National Basic Research Programof China(No.2011CB403405)
文摘Some field experiments of aerosols had been carried out over the arid and semi-arid regions in China over the past 30 years,but there were little learning of the semi-arid region of Loess Plateau.Using Version 2.0 Level 2.0 dataset from the AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network)Lanzhou_city site,the aerosol optical properties during dusty and non-dusty periods in winter and spring when air pollution frequently occured most frequently were demonstrated.A comparison of the same parameters between Lanzhou and Beijing for spring was also analyzed.Some new information was gained concerning aerosol optical properties over the semi-arid region of Loess Plateau.The results show that the aerosol properties measured during dusty and non-dusty periods are significantly different at Lanzhou,particularly in spring,and also different from those at Beijing.
文摘Due to the industrialisation and rapid urbanisation after 1950＇s, housing demand has increased together with an insufficient housing production to meet the need in Turkey. As a consequence of the large deficit between the annual housing demand and supply, squatter housing construction was the major means for shelter of low income families who can not have their place in the housing market as buyers. Squatter houses are located either on the peripheries of the cities or mostly outside of the urban boundaries on public land or illegally subdivided land by creating many physical, social and environmental problems. After 1990＇s, depending on the globalisation wind and neo-liberal policies that enriched the new elites who have new life styles, the housing capital focused on these group. After 1999 earthquake in Turkey, the fear of possible earthquake has also changed the housing preference as from the high-rise apartment buildings to the lower detached houses. As a consequence of this supply-demand chain, the private housing investment was directed to the gated communities which are isolated settlements with restricted access, so that public spaces are privatised or their use is prohibited or controlled on the edge of the metropoliten cities. These settlements also have physical and social problems. This paper will analyze the change of urban periphery, location and relation with the natural thresholds and the main transportation system of these settlements of Turkey in the light of literature review and some development plans and interview with real estate developers and users.
基金Key Project of Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.8171004
文摘Development of Xiong'an New District(XND) is integral to the implementation of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) Integration Initiative. It is intended to ease the non-capital functions of Beijing, optimize regional spatial patterns, and enhance ecosystem services and living environment in this urban agglomeration. Applying multi-stage remote sensing(RS) images, land use/cover change(LUCC) data, ecosystem services assessment data, and high-precision urban land-cover information, we reveal the regional land-cover characteristics of this new district as well as across the planned area of the entire BTH urban agglomeration. Corresponding ecological protection and management strategies are also proposed. Results indicated that built-up areas were rapidly expanding, leading to a continuous impervious surface at high density. Urban and impervious surface areas(ISAs) grew at rates 1.27 and 1.43 times higher than that in the 2000 s, respectively, seriously affecting about 15% area of the sub-basins. Construction of XND mainly encompasses Xiongxian, Rongcheng, and Anxin counties, areas which predominantly comprise farmland, townships and rural settlements, water, and wetland ecosystems. The development and construction of XND should ease the non-capital functions of Beijing, as well as moderately control population and industrial growth. Thus, this development should be included within the national ‘sponge city' construction pilot area in early planning stages, and reference should be made to international low-impact development modes in order to strengthen urban green infrastructural construction. Early stage planning based on the existing characteristics of the underlying surface should consider the construction of green ecological patches and ecological corridors between XND and the cities of Baoding, Beijing, and Tianjin. The proportion of impervious surfaces should not exceed 60%, while that of the core area should not exceed 70%. The development of XND needs to initiate the concept of ‘planning a city according to water resource amount' and incorporate rainwater collection and recycling.
