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张家山汉简“小爵”臆释 被引量:13
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作者 刘敏 《中国史研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2004年第3期19-26,共8页
将小爵释为“有爵的青年” ,似嫌含糊 ;定为二十等爵中“公士至不更四个爵位”的“总称” ,即少史料依据 ,也与原始简文矛盾。小爵应是与年龄及身高有关的爵类 ,即未傅籍成人者占有的爵位。汉代占爵者一般是傅籍成人 ,两种情况导致未傅... 将小爵释为“有爵的青年” ,似嫌含糊 ;定为二十等爵中“公士至不更四个爵位”的“总称” ,即少史料依据 ,也与原始简文矛盾。小爵应是与年龄及身高有关的爵类 ,即未傅籍成人者占有的爵位。汉代占爵者一般是傅籍成人 ,两种情况导致未傅籍成人者占爵 :十五岁以上至傅籍以下者有服役立功受爵的机会 ;未傅籍成人的爵位继承人当被继承者死去时可继承相应的爵位。小爵存在与汉代的傅籍制度、力役制度、封爵制度和继承制度有关。 展开更多
关键词 张家山汉简 “小爵” 古代词汇 词义 文化内涵 封爵制度
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Toni Morrison's (Re)visions: Dis-integrating Language in the Metafictional Novel Jazz
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作者 Silvia Ammary 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2013年第7期415-426,共12页
Throughout Jazz (2004), Morrison revises language and stakes a generic revolution within her linguistic one. Problematising language, she interrogates its role by disrupting all metaphoric operation and normative op... Throughout Jazz (2004), Morrison revises language and stakes a generic revolution within her linguistic one. Problematising language, she interrogates its role by disrupting all metaphoric operation and normative operations of traditional Westem narratology, challenging ontological distinction, and undermining a novelistic claim of/for reality. Morrison creates the novel as a parody of itself. As a metafictional object, she (re)visions the fiction with multiple agendas--a means to interrogate the reality of its constitution and to implicate the political consequences inherent in that constitutional process of construction. By creating a series of antagonisms, oppositions, contradictions, equivalences, and intertextualities, Morrison transforms (and transmutes) novelistic "hostility" into a generic "trauma" simultaneously rendering it as realistic experience, historic event, personal story, collective memory, narrative device, and psychological phenomena. Exposing trauma by virtue of its linguistic symptoms, Morrison draws attention to the underlying mechanisms, structures, and apparatuses of Western linguistic codes that determine, produce, and maintain the ultimate (un)knowability of the past. This paper will examine all these and how the elliptical tendency of language surfaces the psychological disfigurement of the characters within the form of linguistic codes revealing the metaphorical tendency in Jazz to manifest its own reflective construction (and self-conscious deconstruction). 展开更多
关键词 METAFICTION postmodemism (mis)-representation simulation cracks MEMORY
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