试行“市场教学”的尝试

1问题的提出 长期以来,我国的教育体制实行的是计划式的教学模式,任课老师大都是由学校计划安排或指派上课,教师的课上得好,上得差,都一个样;学生也是由学校安排编班和听课,没有选择的权力.计划式的教学模式,容易使教师产生不思进取和安于现状的思想,不利于调动教师教学的积极性,不利于学生能动性的发挥,还容易造成教与学的相互脱节,直接影响人才的培养.面对这一现状,教育行家们提出了新的教学理念,不少学校探索和实践着新的教学模式.我校提出的市场教学,可以说是这一系列变化在教学改革方面的一个反映.

学习共同体理论下“市场调查”课程教学策略

为了提升学生的专业能力与综合素养,文章首先分析了“市场调查”课程教学现状,然后论述了学习共同体理论在“市场调查”课程教学中应用的必要性,最后提出了学习共同体理论下“市场调查”课程教学策略。

Universities and Global Market

The article interested in the universities in the global market. Author briefly describes the situation of the many universities of the point of view of education, research, orientation, system of financing and management of the universities. The whole article is based on the author＇s practical experiences. The research objective was to determine how the professional community is looking at private universities and state universities. It was based on the opinion of the quality of graduates and the number of academic staff who are working at state universities These academics have mostly negative view of private universities as well as the knowledge of graduates of these private schools. However, the opinion ofstaffin practice, especially managers in manufacturing companies, trading companies, companies selling services, as well as senior officials in government, are not so negative. By contrast in certain areas such as marketing, business, management, Information and Communication Technology etc., was rather neutral or positive. The politicians were interested about these information with regard to educational reform （reform of universities is still not actual--note the author） and the expected necessary cuts of spending to higher education from the state budget. Unfortunately, the research project due to political changes in 2009 was not completed and obtained only partial results. Despite of this fact the author decided to process the article below Opinions on the topic of public vs. private univeristies were mainly obtained informally from experts from academic area （both public and private）, managers, various specialists, but also from the students themselves. In conclusion man can say that the demand for people who are able to quickly demonstrate their knowledge in practice is still stronger. The title becomes second-rate （unfortunately not quite in the public and state administration）. Very strong demand is the active practice of communication in English （it fulfilles especially private universities） Graduates of technical universities in the classical fields are sought less in the labor market. Very high pressure is developed by state universities to private. This implies a lack of professors and associate professors who can work in full time at private universities which are more flexible and better adapt to labor market requirements. Stronger position have private universities that are in any way connected with foreign partners from developed countries

Resisting the Violences of ＂Market Normalisation＂： The Importance of Critical Pedagogies for Critical Criminology

The neo-liberal re-positioning of the educational-explorative realm to a vocational market-confinement has already impacted quite heavily on the educational sector in England and Wales and is now being imposed on a European wide scale. However, global as well as European students＇ protests illustrate that resistance to this ideology is gathering pace, and not only involves students and academics but also reaches wider parts of societies. This paper seeks to demonstrate the need for critical pedagogical practices that seek to sensitise students to the modes of current ＂conditions of domination＂. It further suggests critical criminologists to foster and engage in a process of public, intellectual, and intercultural exchange of ideas about education and educational institutions away from merely rationalistic, one-dimensional and profit-orientated ambitions toward a multitude of exchanges about meanings and purposes of such important socio-cultural and political institutions and processes that shape ＂subjectivities＂, inter-subjectivities and thus entire socio-cultural and political spheres. Such processes and active engagements are crucial to the agenda of critical criminologists, and perhaps most importantly, vital to the continued existence of a critical criminology that understands itself as proper ideology critique.

A Literature Review about Demonstrating Whether China＇s Stock Market Has Reached Weak-form Efficiency

The efficient Market Hypothesis divided the stock market into three parts： weak-form efficiency, semi-strong-form efficiency, and strong-form efficiency. There are so many scholars have conducted researches on whether China＇ s stock market has reached weak-form efficiency. The author of this literature review summaries the results of these researches and makes a systematic induction. This article attempts to show the achievements of these researches and ~ive readers new ideas about how to improve China＇ s stock market efficiency.

A Strategy to Strengthen the US Economy

For decades, the United States＇ competitive position in global manufacturing has steadily declined. Analysts point to increasingly automated manufacturing processes, changing domestic demand factors, outsourcing, and over confidence in service export surplnses. However, Asian and European competitors, undergoing the same pressures, have been able to maintain a healthy percentage of their GDP in manufacturing by growing high techjobs while the United States continues to fall behind, Perhaps the most flmdamental and overlooked contribution to this decline is the lackluster performance of the United States education system. After comparing the performance of US students to that of the other G-8 nations in the critical disciplines of math and science literacy, US students rank last. Furthermore, the most recent PISA test results show US students rank in the bottom half of 30 participating nations in the ability to apply math and science concepts to real world problems. This is particularly troubling when one considers that among the compared nations, the US spends the most on math and science teacher compensation. If the US intends to successfully compete in the global manufacturing arena, significant changes to the education system must be enacted. A new strategy aligning the system with real world demands should begin with a national initiative to increase Pre-K enrollments, a paradigm shift from liberal arts to math, science, problem solving and critical thinking, standardized policies aligning high school graduation requirements with college and work place expectations, and standardized college and career readiness assessment programs. These steps combined with more rigorous secondary education teacher certifications, continued education and involvement with universities and manufacturing f＇mns within the community, should more adeq^tely prepare high school students for further study or to enter the skilled workforce. At the post secondary level, federal and state funding should be targeted to R＆D programs specificly to industrial design, engineering, and alternative energy. Industry investment in such programs should be federally incentivized to foster cooperative relationships between business and academia. Such relationships will ensure faculty spend time focusing on how their discipline relates to manufacturing and instilling the necessary skill sets, knowledge and abilities which graduates will need to compete in the global market. Such a revised system will position the US to create and keep high paying manufacturing positions on its way to sustainable economic growth.

New Approach to the Flexible Planning of Learning Process in High Education System

Expediency of this work is conditioned by the inconsistency between the market requirement of the specialists and the planning process of high educational system. For solving this problem it is important to make consulting or expect system for flexible planning of teaching modules of every specialty. We make an attempt to consider this problem in two aspects： the prediction of market demand for planning taking into consideration of studies duration and scheduling of educational process. The prediction task consists in data acquisition of market requirement for each profession in discrete time interval to predict dynamic evolution of every specialty. The solution of the prediction task will be using to determination of prognostic quantity of students for each specialty. As regards the second aspect, it consists in finding a schedule of the teaching modules, i.e. the distribution of subjects in the semesters, keeping the total limits of credits, to update and adapt syllabus. In this paper, we present a genetic algorithm as a solution method for the modular scheduling problem. Genetic algorithms （GAs） allow a more general approach to the scheduling problem, which is rated using a fitness function. GA can be successfully applied to find optimized sequential schedules.

Design and Application of Integrated Teaching System of Animation

The animation industry is a comprehensive art, and the development is very rapid in recent years, and many excellent domestic animation works are moved on the screen, winning support among the people. Looking to the future, the animation industry has a very great development potential. The animation major is considered as an emerging major in some colleges, and its teaching methods are still in the exploring stage. And the emerging industry has a great demand for animation talent, thus, the teaching methods of animation major need to be reformed to adapt to the constant market demand. This paper proposes an integrated teaching system of animation to solve the contradiction between market demand and traditional animation teaching mode, making analysis and researches of the kind of integrated teaching system, which is briefly described.

Research on Human Capital and Higher Education Based on the Perspective of Employment of College Students

The status of human capital should match economic development. Researching the unemployment of college students firstly needs to know about the economic development stage and economic structure in China. Employment of college students not only is the problem of unbalanced supply and demand of college students, but also has close relationship with supply-demand relationship of higher education market. Employment of college students has relationship with two markets, education market and labor market, in which higher education supply is middle. For two markets, the decision-making subject make the optimal decision according to the principle that marginal income is equal to marginal cost. Under the specific economic development stage and economic structure in China, the family has greater requirement on higher education in education market, and the supply of higher education is insufficient. For labor market, economic development is difficult to fully absorb the existing college graduates, and the supply of higher education is excess. The imbalance of two markets causes the increase of supply pressure of higher education and idle human resource.

Notions of Free Market and Social Welfare in Islamic Economics

Trading and business in Islam has been identified as the second best profession after agriculture and Prophet Muhammad （PBUH） himself has been engaged in trading. The Islamic theory of market aims to provide optimization of returns and satisfaction for all stakeholders. It also seeks to make ＂free market＂ an instrument of promoting equity and social justice for the welfare of society. It combines tenants from the free market model as well as those in command market economy. Islamic economics identifies certain functional parameters for the efficient functioning of the market to achieve the optimization of returns and social welfare like absence of middle men, prohibition of hoarding, mode of finance free from interest and usury, taxation and other wealth redistribution instruments like Zakat and Khums, asset-based and risk-sharing partnerships and stakes, etc.. It essentially creates conditions for proper functioning of a competitive market as an instrument of economic progress and social equity. In Islamic economics, the role accorded to the state is to ensure that institutions are set up and vigilance officers are appointed which create the specified condition for the proper and fair functioning of the market and hence preventing what is identified as ＂market failure＂. The role of the state is to improve the functioning of the market as opposed to that of systematic intervention. This paper tries to examine the Islamic notions of ＂free market＂ in the traditional sources like Qur＇an, Hadees, the early texts of Islamic Jurisprudence, and contemporary writings on Islamic economic system and to make a comparative analysis with theories of market in capitalist and socialist frameworks. The paper will examine the extent to which Islamic notions of free market offer an alternative model to resolve the problems of growth, inequity, and risk management.

Market regulation and government intervention of vocational education＇s development

Government intervention and market regulation are two important ways in the process of economic operations, effective govemment intervention and market regulation can promote development of economic. This article briefly summarizes economists defined the government intervention and market regulation in the history of economic. Since the founding of New China, it elaborated to defining process of government intervention and market regulation in the development China＇ s economic. Under the new situation, it proposed government intervention should combine market regulation to achieve sound and fast development of economic. Market regulation in the development of vocational education for the economic development is the goal of training practical talents of vocational education. This objective requires that vocational education must work closely with the needs of economics＇ development and service for the economics＇ development. Under the system of planned economy, contraction between supply of talent and needs of economic is planning to achieve indirectly through a unified government.