In this study, three-phase satellite images were used to define rules for the allocation of time and space in construction land resources based on a complex adaptive system and game theory. The decision behavior and r...In this study, three-phase satellite images were used to define rules for the allocation of time and space in construction land resources based on a complex adaptive system and game theory. The decision behavior and rules of government agent, enterprise agent and resident agent in construction land growth were explored. A distinctive and dynamic simulation model of construction land growth was built, which integrated multi-agent, GIS technology and RS data and described the interaction among influencing agents, Taking Fuyang City in the Changjiang River Delta as an example, an assessment process for the remote sensing data in construction land and scenario planning was constructed. Repast and ArcGIS were used as simulation platforms. A simulation of the spatial pattern in land-use planning and the setting of scenario planning were conducted by using the incomplete active game, which was based on different natural, social and economic levels. Through this model, a simulation of urban planning space and decision-making for Fuyang City was created. Relevant non-structured problems arising from urban planning management could be identified, and the process and logic of urban planning spatial decision-making could thus be improved. Cell-by-cell comparison showed that the simulation accuracy was over 72%. This model has great potential for use by government and town planners in decision support and technique support in the policy-making process.展开更多
School principals＇ leadership styles play a major role in teachers＇ performance. This paper examines the relationship between school principals＇ leadership styles, whether transformational or transactional, and tea...School principals＇ leadership styles play a major role in teachers＇ performance. This paper examines the relationship between school principals＇ leadership styles, whether transformational or transactional, and teachers＇ achievement motivation. Using the quantitative methodology, a total of 320 heads of instructional departments were randomly selected from randomly selected schools. The results revealed that a transformational leadership style was prevalent among principals, and teachers＇ achievement motivation was positive. There was a positive correlation between the principals＇ transformational leadership style and the teachers＇ achievement motivation. Relevant recommendations are included.展开更多
This study aimed to discuss the energy budget of Elliot's pheasant Syrmaticus ellioti in different seasons, with life and health, good growth and normal digestion of Elliot's pheasant as the tested objects, Th...This study aimed to discuss the energy budget of Elliot's pheasant Syrmaticus ellioti in different seasons, with life and health, good growth and normal digestion of Elliot's pheasant as the tested objects, The energy budget of Elliot's pheasant was measured by daily collection of the trial pheasants' excrement in the biological garden of Guangxi Normal University from March 2011 to February 2012. The results showed that the gross energy consumption, metabolic energy and excrement energy varied by season, increasing as temperature decreased. There was significant difference in gross energy consumption, metabolic energy, excrement energy between adults and nonages. There was also a trend that food digestibility of pheasants increases as temperature increases. In the same season, the food digestibility of adults was better than that of nonages. Throughout spring, summer, autumn and winter, the metabolic energy of 4-year adults were 305.77±13.40 kJ/d, 263.67±11.89 kJ/d, 357.23±25.49 kJ/d and 403.12±24.91 kJ/d, respectively, and the nonages were 284.86±17.22 kJ/d, 284. 66±15.16 kJ/d, 402. 26±31.46 kJ/d and 420. 30±31.98 kJ/d, respectively. The minimum metabolic energies were 247.65±21.81 g, 265.86±26.53 g, respectively for each group, detected between 4-year adults and 1-year nonages. Further study is needed to determine whether 29.6 C is the optimal temperature for the Elliot's pheasant.展开更多
This paper explores three College English teachers＇ perceived difficulties in teaching content-based courses in the Chinese context and opportunities for their change in the knowledge base. Interviews and classroom o...This paper explores three College English teachers＇ perceived difficulties in teaching content-based courses in the Chinese context and opportunities for their change in the knowledge base. Interviews and classroom observation were used to collect data. After coding and recoding of the audio data, the researcher found that College English teachers face the following difficulties： positioning of themselves, commitment to the course, students＇ expectation, the balance between language and content, and administrative support. Meanwhile, the experience of teaching content-based courses offered them an opportunity to increase their knowledge of the content, the learners, and educational values. Some implications for CBI （content-based instruction） in curriculum reform were put forward at the end of the paper.展开更多
In view of the problems and the weaknesses of component-based software （ CBS ） reliability modeling and analysis, and a lack of consideration for real debugging circumstance of integration tes- ting, a CBS reliabili...In view of the problems and the weaknesses of component-based software （ CBS ） reliability modeling and analysis, and a lack of consideration for real debugging circumstance of integration tes- ting, a CBS reliability process analysis model is proposed incorporating debugging time delay, im- perfect debugging and limited debugging resources. CBS integration testing is formulated as a multi- queue muhichannel and finite server queuing model （MMFSQM） to illustrate fault detection process （FDP） and fault correction process （FCP）. A unified FCP is sketched, given debugging delay, the diversities of faults processing and the limitations of debugging resources. Furthermore, the impacts of imperfect debugging on fault detection and correction are explicitly elaborated, and the expres- sions of the cumulative number of fault detected and corrected are illustrated. Finally, the results of numerical experiments verify the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed model. By comparison, the proposed model is superior to the other models. The proposed model is closer to real CBS testing process and facilitates software engineer＇ s quantitatively analyzing, measuring and predicting CBS reliability. K展开更多
PLANNED in 2003,construction of the 1,092-meter-long ShanghaiNantong Railway Yangtze River Bridge–the world’s longest rail-cumroad cable-stayed steel bridge–started in 2014.On completion in 2019,it will span the 13...PLANNED in 2003,construction of the 1,092-meter-long ShanghaiNantong Railway Yangtze River Bridge–the world’s longest rail-cumroad cable-stayed steel bridge–started in 2014.On completion in 2019,it will span the 130 km.between the two cities,shortening to one hour the drive from Shanghai to Nantong.展开更多
Creativity is an element of the personality of entrepreneurs which can be important for the foundation, advance, and business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Intrapreneurship can be develop...Creativity is an element of the personality of entrepreneurs which can be important for the foundation, advance, and business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Intrapreneurship can be developed in small and medium-sized enterprises where entrepreneurs have a sufficient level of creativity and it can influence the growth of enterprises. Hypotheses are specified and empirically tested based on responses to a structured questionnaire on a sample of small and medium-sized enterprises from China. The research results indicate positive relationships between the creativity of the entrepreneur and intrapreneurship and growth of the enterprise.展开更多
Audit report is the primary means of communication for auditors. To reduce the phenomenon of agency conflict, auditors work as agents for shareholders and report to them after reviewing the financial statements. In la...Audit report is the primary means of communication for auditors. To reduce the phenomenon of agency conflict, auditors work as agents for shareholders and report to them after reviewing the financial statements. In last 15 years, Australia has witnessed some major changes in Australian economy which have affected Australian business and its auditors＇ opinions. This paper examines the trend of audit opinions issued to Australian listed companies during this period. In total, 20,473 audit opinions were sited over the 15-year period, i.e., from 1996 to 2010. This research found that over the period, unqualified report was the most common type of audit reports issued in Australia with an average of 96.4%. The average rate at which the Big 4 audit firms issue unqualified reports is 88% compared with 76% issued by the non-Big 4 firms. It is also evidenced that the rate at which modified reports were issued during and after global financial crisis （GFC） （2007-2009） has increased across all industries, while the most noticeable increase occurred in the financial services, materials, and industrial sectors.展开更多
Cliff Tomb 1 at Hejiashan in Mianyang, Sichuan yielded a late Eastern Han period bronze mirror with figures of immortals and the inscription "其师命长." According to some scholars, the character "师&quo...Cliff Tomb 1 at Hejiashan in Mianyang, Sichuan yielded a late Eastern Han period bronze mirror with figures of immortals and the inscription "其师命长." According to some scholars, the character "师" refers to priests of Wudoumi Taoism 五斗米道 (Five-dou-of-rice Taoism), and the mirror may have been a Taoist instrument. However, based on the results of an all-round examination of the mirrors coming from the Eastern Han to the Six Dynasties period, including a grammatical study of their inscription "其师命长," as well as a investigation of their date, prevailing region and typological attribution, it can be preliminarily concluded that the "师" must refer to the mirror making master rather than any priests of Wudoumi Taoism in the Shu region. As for the nature of the mirror under discussion, it is difficult to clarify for the time being whether this is a Taoist instrument.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.2012BAH29B04-00)
文摘In this study, three-phase satellite images were used to define rules for the allocation of time and space in construction land resources based on a complex adaptive system and game theory. The decision behavior and rules of government agent, enterprise agent and resident agent in construction land growth were explored. A distinctive and dynamic simulation model of construction land growth was built, which integrated multi-agent, GIS technology and RS data and described the interaction among influencing agents, Taking Fuyang City in the Changjiang River Delta as an example, an assessment process for the remote sensing data in construction land and scenario planning was constructed. Repast and ArcGIS were used as simulation platforms. A simulation of the spatial pattern in land-use planning and the setting of scenario planning were conducted by using the incomplete active game, which was based on different natural, social and economic levels. Through this model, a simulation of urban planning space and decision-making for Fuyang City was created. Relevant non-structured problems arising from urban planning management could be identified, and the process and logic of urban planning spatial decision-making could thus be improved. Cell-by-cell comparison showed that the simulation accuracy was over 72%. This model has great potential for use by government and town planners in decision support and technique support in the policy-making process.
文摘School principals＇ leadership styles play a major role in teachers＇ performance. This paper examines the relationship between school principals＇ leadership styles, whether transformational or transactional, and teachers＇ achievement motivation. Using the quantitative methodology, a total of 320 heads of instructional departments were randomly selected from randomly selected schools. The results revealed that a transformational leadership style was prevalent among principals, and teachers＇ achievement motivation was positive. There was a positive correlation between the principals＇ transformational leadership style and the teachers＇ achievement motivation. Relevant recommendations are included.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31160426 30560023)the Projects of Science and Technology Office of Hunan (2011FJ3071)
文摘This study aimed to discuss the energy budget of Elliot's pheasant Syrmaticus ellioti in different seasons, with life and health, good growth and normal digestion of Elliot's pheasant as the tested objects, The energy budget of Elliot's pheasant was measured by daily collection of the trial pheasants' excrement in the biological garden of Guangxi Normal University from March 2011 to February 2012. The results showed that the gross energy consumption, metabolic energy and excrement energy varied by season, increasing as temperature decreased. There was significant difference in gross energy consumption, metabolic energy, excrement energy between adults and nonages. There was also a trend that food digestibility of pheasants increases as temperature increases. In the same season, the food digestibility of adults was better than that of nonages. Throughout spring, summer, autumn and winter, the metabolic energy of 4-year adults were 305.77±13.40 kJ/d, 263.67±11.89 kJ/d, 357.23±25.49 kJ/d and 403.12±24.91 kJ/d, respectively, and the nonages were 284.86±17.22 kJ/d, 284. 66±15.16 kJ/d, 402. 26±31.46 kJ/d and 420. 30±31.98 kJ/d, respectively. The minimum metabolic energies were 247.65±21.81 g, 265.86±26.53 g, respectively for each group, detected between 4-year adults and 1-year nonages. Further study is needed to determine whether 29.6 C is the optimal temperature for the Elliot's pheasant.
文摘This paper explores three College English teachers＇ perceived difficulties in teaching content-based courses in the Chinese context and opportunities for their change in the knowledge base. Interviews and classroom observation were used to collect data. After coding and recoding of the audio data, the researcher found that College English teachers face the following difficulties： positioning of themselves, commitment to the course, students＇ expectation, the balance between language and content, and administrative support. Meanwhile, the experience of teaching content-based courses offered them an opportunity to increase their knowledge of the content, the learners, and educational values. Some implications for CBI （content-based instruction） in curriculum reform were put forward at the end of the paper.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2008AA01A201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60503015)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2013BA17F02)the Shandong Province Science and Technology Program of China(No.2011GGX10108,2010GGX10104)
文摘In view of the problems and the weaknesses of component-based software （ CBS ） reliability modeling and analysis, and a lack of consideration for real debugging circumstance of integration tes- ting, a CBS reliability process analysis model is proposed incorporating debugging time delay, im- perfect debugging and limited debugging resources. CBS integration testing is formulated as a multi- queue muhichannel and finite server queuing model （MMFSQM） to illustrate fault detection process （FDP） and fault correction process （FCP）. A unified FCP is sketched, given debugging delay, the diversities of faults processing and the limitations of debugging resources. Furthermore, the impacts of imperfect debugging on fault detection and correction are explicitly elaborated, and the expres- sions of the cumulative number of fault detected and corrected are illustrated. Finally, the results of numerical experiments verify the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed model. By comparison, the proposed model is superior to the other models. The proposed model is closer to real CBS testing process and facilitates software engineer＇ s quantitatively analyzing, measuring and predicting CBS reliability. K
文摘PLANNED in 2003,construction of the 1,092-meter-long ShanghaiNantong Railway Yangtze River Bridge–the world’s longest rail-cumroad cable-stayed steel bridge–started in 2014.On completion in 2019,it will span the 130 km.between the two cities,shortening to one hour the drive from Shanghai to Nantong.
文摘Creativity is an element of the personality of entrepreneurs which can be important for the foundation, advance, and business performance of small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. Intrapreneurship can be developed in small and medium-sized enterprises where entrepreneurs have a sufficient level of creativity and it can influence the growth of enterprises. Hypotheses are specified and empirically tested based on responses to a structured questionnaire on a sample of small and medium-sized enterprises from China. The research results indicate positive relationships between the creativity of the entrepreneur and intrapreneurship and growth of the enterprise.
文摘Audit report is the primary means of communication for auditors. To reduce the phenomenon of agency conflict, auditors work as agents for shareholders and report to them after reviewing the financial statements. In last 15 years, Australia has witnessed some major changes in Australian economy which have affected Australian business and its auditors＇ opinions. This paper examines the trend of audit opinions issued to Australian listed companies during this period. In total, 20,473 audit opinions were sited over the 15-year period, i.e., from 1996 to 2010. This research found that over the period, unqualified report was the most common type of audit reports issued in Australia with an average of 96.4%. The average rate at which the Big 4 audit firms issue unqualified reports is 88% compared with 76% issued by the non-Big 4 firms. It is also evidenced that the rate at which modified reports were issued during and after global financial crisis （GFC） （2007-2009） has increased across all industries, while the most noticeable increase occurred in the financial services, materials, and industrial sectors.
文摘Cliff Tomb 1 at Hejiashan in Mianyang, Sichuan yielded a late Eastern Han period bronze mirror with figures of immortals and the inscription "其师命长." According to some scholars, the character "师" refers to priests of Wudoumi Taoism 五斗米道 (Five-dou-of-rice Taoism), and the mirror may have been a Taoist instrument. However, based on the results of an all-round examination of the mirrors coming from the Eastern Han to the Six Dynasties period, including a grammatical study of their inscription "其师命长," as well as a investigation of their date, prevailing region and typological attribution, it can be preliminarily concluded that the "师" must refer to the mirror making master rather than any priests of Wudoumi Taoism in the Shu region. As for the nature of the mirror under discussion, it is difficult to clarify for the time being whether this is a Taoist instrument.
