Influential Factors of Water Productivity of Maize in Oasis of Arid Areas——A Case Study of Linze County

[Objective] The aim was to research influential factors of water productivity of maize in oasis in arid areas. [Method] In middle reach of Heihe River in Linze County of Zhangye City, maize, a major crop in irrigated area in the oasis, was studied and nine influential factors were chosen through grey relation analysis. [Result] According to grey relation analysis, top five factors influencing water produc- tivity of maize during 1995-2009 were as follows： applied quantity of chemical fertil- izers〉labour input〉seeds〉mulch amount〉pesticide amount, which indicated that controllable factors, instead of uncontrollable ones, dominate in influence of water productivity of maize in oasis in arid areas. [Conclusion] With water resource limited, investment of controllable factors in high-efficient agricultural production should be the major strategy to improve water productivity of maize in oasis of arid areas.

Measurement of refrative index based on fiber Mach-Zehnder interference

In order to detect the refractive index of liquid with high precision,based on modular interference,Mach-Zehnder optical fiber refractive rate sensor was studied.Sensor structure is composed of ordinary single-mode fiber and multimode fiber,according to the singlemode multimode singlemode sequence to fuse together,and the fused optical fiber is used to process the taper.As a result,the diameter of the sensing head is about 10μm.Experimental results show that,as liquid refractive index increases range from 1.33 to 1.35,the loss peak of the transmission spectrum will shift to long wave direction.

Stem flow chemistry of Picea glehnii,Abies sachalinensis and Alnus japonica and its effect on the peat pore water chemistry in an ombrogenous mire in Ochiishi,eastern Hokkaido,Japan

We investigated the chemical properties of stemflow of Picea glehnii,Abies sachalinensis and Alnus japonica as well as peat pore water chemistry,including the distance and depth profiles of pore water chemistry,in an ombrogenous mire.The effect of stemflow on the peat pore water chemistry was clear at the stem base in the peat forest in the mire,and the peat pore water around the stem base of a tree had its own chemical properties specific to each species.P.glehnii showed the highest concentration of salts both in stemflow and peat-pore water,whereas A.japonica showed the lowest concentrations;however,the gradient of the chemical environment from the stem base to outside of the canopy is formed.The peat pore water chemistry under the canopy was mainly controlled by the chemical processes diluted by the abundant peat pore water;the stemflow movement in the high water content of the peat was more slowly because of the flat topography（〈 1o）.This would be due to the fact that the chemicals in stemflow would be diluted by the abundant peat pore water.The spatial heterogeneity of chemical environment between microsites within forested peatland would be also contributed indirectly through the control of microorganism activity,and nutrient regeneration mediated the surface water and the stemflow of the dominant canopy trees.

古籍中的“跑官”记载

跑官要官是一种腐败的社会风气，也是封建社会一种久远的历史现象。本文以文带史，文史结合，通过对古籍中的一系列关键词语进行梳理，提供例证，加以诠释，从中窥见中国古代“跑官风”之一斑。需要指出，文中围绕关键词语所举的例证，只是为了便于说明问题，一般不考虑是否出于始见书。