陈士元《俗用杂字》中的应城方言词

陈士元的《俗用杂字》记录了明代湖北应城310条方言词,反映了当时各词的语义和部分词的读音。

一个“应”字不简单

“七下八上”，主汛期、暑期，小到个人出行道路的选择，大到一个区域、流域的工业生产、居民生活，乃至人的生命财产安全，汛情、灾害无情地考验着人们的应对能力。

《明本大字应用碎金》农桑类名词考释六则

《明本大字应用碎金》是明代最早的日用类书,是研究元末明初民间日用类名物词的重要资料。文章对"蚕■"等六例疑难农桑名词进行了考释。

A 1×4 Polymeric Digital Optical Switch Based on the Thermo-Optic Effect

We present a 1 × 4 Y-branch digital optical switch in which S-bend variable optical attenuators are integrated. The S-bend waveguides, which are always introduced to connect the switch and the standard fiber array, are made use of and designed as variable optical attenuators. A compact device with low crosstalk and larger branching-angle is obtained. The device is fabricated on the thermo-optic polymer materials,and the performance of the device is measured. With an applied driving power of less than 200mW, the device has a low crosstalk of less than - 35dB at a wavelength of 1.55 μm.

Applicahon of a Simplified Model Reference Adaptive Algorithm

The application of a simplifed model reference adaptive control(SMRAC) on a typical Pump controlled motor electrohydraulic servo system is studied here. The algorithm of first-order scalar SMRAC ac second-order vector SMRAC are derived. Computer simulations of the algorithms are presented. Experimental results prove that the method of control adopted here perform satisfactorily over a wide range of operating conditions.

Design and Development of the DTC Induction Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle

The design and development of the traction controller for electric vehicle is introduced, which is based on the induction motor. This drive is developed by using a digital signal processor at low cost and carried out with the module design concept of both software and hardware. Nevertheless, a scheme of the sensorless direct torque control is based on the developed hardware, of which the feasibility is tested by a trial program. Additionally, both the interface function of the drive hardware and the feasibility of its software are proved to be good by the trail programs. A test motor can run about 18?r/min by a variable frequency program with the space vector pulse width modulation technology, of which the torque is visible pulsatile. In this presentation, based on the theoretical approach, the sensorless torque control is to be studied and applied to electric vehicles, of which the quick, smooth and stable torque response is emphasized because it quite benefits improving the drive performance of electric vehicles.

Mesh Size Effect in Numerical Simulation of Blast Wave Propagation and Interaction with Structures

Numerical method is popular in analysing the blast wave propagation and interaction with structures.However,because of the extremely short duration of blast wave and energy trans-mission between different grids,the numerical results are sensitive to the finite element mesh size.Previous numerical simulations show that a mesh size acceptable to one blast scenario might not be proper for another case,even though the difference between the two scenarios is very small,indicating a simple numerical mesh size convergence test might not be enough to guarantee accu-rate numerical results.Therefore,both coarse mesh and fine mesh were used in different blast scenarios to investigate the mesh size effect on numerical results of blast wave propagation and interaction with structures.Based on the numerical results and their comparison with field test re-sults and the design charts in TM5-1300,a numerical modification method was proposed to correct the influence of the mesh size on the simulated results.It can be easily used to improve the accu-racy of the numerical results of blast wave propagation and blast loads on structures.

Numerical Simulation of Spectral Response for 650 nm Silicon Photodetector

The theoretical spectral response formula of the N+-N-I-P+ silicon photodetector with high/low emission junction is given. At the same time, considering the process requirements, the optimum structure parameters of silicon photodetector are obtained by numerical calculation and simulation. Under the condition of these optimum structure parameters, the responsivity of the silicon photodetector will be 0.48 A/W at 650 nm.

Influences of Quantum and Disorder Effects on Solitons Excited in Protein Molecules in Improved Model

Utilizing the improved model with quasi-coherent two-quantum state and new Hamiltonian containing an additional interaction term [Phys. Rev. E62 (2000) 6989 and Euro. Phys. J. B19 (2001) 297] we study numerically the influences of the quantum and disorder effects including distortion of the sequences of masses of amino acid molecules and fluctuations of force constant of molecular chains, and of exciton-phonon coupled constants and of the dipole-dipole interaction constant and of the ground state energy on the properties of the solitons transported the bio-energy in the protein molecules by Runge-Kutta method. The results obtained show that the new soliton is robust against these structure disorders, especially for stronger disorders in the sequence of masses spring constants and coupling constants,except for quite larger fluctuations of the ground state energy and dipole-dipole interaction constant. This means that the new soliton in the improved model is very stable in normal cases and is possibly a carrier of bio-energy transport in the protein molecules.

Numerical simulation of micromixing effect on the reactive flow in a co-rotating twin screw extruder

To control the multicomponent reactions in extrusion, reactive-mixing flow in a co-rotating twin screw extruder was numerically studied in the present paper. Effects of initial species distribution, rotating speed and flow rate on a competitive-parallel reaction were investigated and the relationship between mixing and reactions was discussed from the view of chemical reaction engineering. The simulation results show the studied operational parameters, which determine residence time distribution, earliness of mixing and segregation degree of reactive-mixing flows, affect the local species concentration and reaction time and hence have significant influences on the reaction extent. Orthogonal test was adopted to clarify the significance of operational parameters.The analysis shows that initial species distribution and flow rate are the most important factors in the control of reaction extent, and effect of rotating speed is conditional depending on the micro-mixing status of the fluid.

Numerical simulation of rock deformation during the mineralization of the Xiangshan uranium deposit, Jiangxi province, south China

The Xiangshan uranium deposit in Jiangxi province is one of the most important uranium deposits in China. The aim of our study is to obtain a better understanding of rock deformation and dilation associated with mineralization, to predict the most favorable locations of mineralization, and to assist with future mineral exploration in this deposit. On the basis of geological and structural data from previous studies, we have constructed a coupled deformation and fluid flow numerical model and simulated the faulting deformation and major mechanical factors controlling mineralization in the deposit. Particular attention has been paid to variations in regional stress, distributions of shear strain, volumetric strain and pore pressure. The relationship between the struc-tural/faulting movement and mineralization is obtained through analyzing the deformation state of fault zones. The results suggest that the mineralization is related to volumetric strain, shear strain and pore pressures. The locations displaying all these factors rep-resent the most favorable sites for mineralization. These model results are important for guiding the exploration of new uranium deposits in Xiangshan.

A New Browder Fixed Point Theorem in Noncompact Hyperconvex Metric Spaces and Its Applications to Section Questions and Intersection Questions

In this paper, a new Browder fixed point theorem is established in the noncompact sub-admissible subsets of noncompact hyperconvex metric spaces. As application, a Ky Fan section theorem and an intersection theorem are obtained.

AN ITERATIVE ALGORITHM FOR OPTIMAL DESIGN OF NON-FREQUENCY-SELECTIVE FIR DIGITAL FILTERS

This paper proposes a novel iterative algorithm for optimal design of non-frequency-selective Finite Impulse Response(FIR) digital filters based on the windowing method.Different from the traditional optimization concept of adjusting the window or the filter order in the windowing design of an FIR digital filter,the key idea of the algorithm is minimizing the approximation error by succes-sively modifying the design result through an iterative procedure under the condition of a fixed window length.In the iterative procedure,the known deviation of the designed frequency response in each iteration from the ideal frequency response is used as a reference for the next iteration.Because the approximation error can be specified variably,the algorithm is applicable for the design of FIR digital filters with different technical requirements in the frequency domain.A design example is employed to illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm.

Industrial shape detecting system of cold rolling strip

A high-precision shape detecting system of cold rolling strip is developed to meet industrial application, which mainly consists of the shape detecting roller, the collecting ring, the digital signal processing （DSP） shape signal processing board and the shape control model. Based on the shape detecting principle, the shape detecting roller is designed with a new integral structure for improving the precision of shape detecting and avoiding scratching strip surface. Based on the DSP technology, the DSP shape signal processing circuit board is designed and embedded in the shape detecting system for the reliability and stability of shape signal processing. The shape detecting system was successfully used in Angang 1 250 mm HC 6-high reversible cold rolling mill. The precision of shape detecting is 0.2 I and the shape deviation is controlled within 6 1 after the close loop shape control is input.

Analysis and design of DSP-based dual-loop controlled UPS inverters

This paper presents a novel digital dual-loop control scheme of the PWM(PUlse width modulate)inverter. Deadbeat control technique are employed to enhance the performance. Half switching period delayed sampling and control timing strategy is used to improve the system dynamic response. Simulation and experimental results presented in the paper verified the validity of the proposed control scheme.

Stress Concentration Factors at Saddle and Crown Positions on the Central Brace of Two-Planar Welded CHS DKT-connections

A set of parametric stress analyses was carried out for two-planar tubular DKT-joints under different axial loading conditions. The analysis results were used to present general remarks on the effects of the geometrical parameters on stress concentration factors （SCFs） at the inner saddle, outer saddle, and crown positions on the central brace. Based on results of finite element （FE） analysis and through nonlinear regression analysis, a new set of SCF parametric equations was established for fatigue design purposes. An assessment study of equations was conducted against the experimental data and original SCF database. The satisfaction of acceptance criteria proposed by the UK Department of Energy （UK DoE） was also checked. Results of parametric study showed that highly remarkable differences exist between the SCF values in a multi-planar DKT-joint and the corresponding SCFs in an equivalent uni-planar KT-joint having the same geometrical properties. It can be clearly concluded from this observation that using the equations proposed for uni-planar KT-connections to compute the SCFs in multi-planar DKT-joints will lead to either considerably under-predicting or over-predicting results. Hence, it is necessary to develop SCF formulae specially designed for multi-planar DKT-joints. Good results of equation assessment according to UK DoE acceptance criteria, high values of correlation coefficients, and the satisfactory agreement between the predictions of the proposed equations and the experimental data guarantee the accuracy of the equations. Therefore, the developed equations can be reliably used for fatigue design of offshore structures.

Search for New Three-, Four-Component Petasis, Passerini, Hantzsch, Kabachnic-Fields, Ugi Reactions with Organic Compounds of Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth

It is discovered a new three-, four-component Petasis, Passerini, Hantzsch, Kabachnic-Fields, Ugi reactions with of arsine, stibine and bismuthine in organometallic chemistry. Modifications were replaced to a nitrogen atom of classical reactions of atoms of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. It has been proposed a new mechanism for possible reactions.

Four optimal design approaches of high-order finite-impulse response filters based on neural network

Four optimal approaches of high-order finite-impulse response(FIR) digital filters were developed for designing four types filters using neural network algorithms. The solutions were presented as parallel algorithms to approximate the desired frequency response specification. Therefore, these methods avoid matrix inversion, and make a fast calculation of the filter’s coefficients possible. The convergence theorems of these proposed algorithms were presented and proved to illustrate them stable, and the implementation of these methods was described together with some design guidelines. The simulation results show that the ripples of the designed FIR filters are significantly little in the pass-band and stop-band, and the proposed algorithms are of fast convergence.

Numerical Simulation of the Flat Ribbon Wound Explosion Containment Vessels Subjected to Internal Blast Loading

In order to constitute engineering design methods of the flat ribbon wound explosion containment vessels, the dynamic response of such vessels subjected to internal explosion loading is simulated using LS-DYNA3D. Three winding angles, 10°, 15°and 20°, are considered. It is shown that among ribbon vessels investigated, the center displacement of outermost ribbons of the vessel with 10°winding angle is the smallest under the same blast loading. The response of vessels loaded in inner core is local. From the center of the cylindrical shell to the bottom cover, the maximum strain gradually decreases. The ribbons are subjected to tension in the length direction and compression in the width direction. Blasting shock energy concentrates on where is close to center section of blasting. For comparison, numerical simulation of a monobloc thick-walled explosion containment vessel is also investigated. It can be found that the biggest deformation of the flat ribbon wound explosion containment vessels is bigger than that of the monobloc thick-walled explosion containment vessel in the center section of blasting under the same TNT. Numerical results are approximately in agreement with experimental ones. It is proved that the ribbon vessels have the valuable properties of ' leak before burst at worst' compared with the monobloc vessels through numerical simulation.

AN ALGORITHM FOR DICTIONARY GENERATION IN SPARSE REPRESENTATION

The K-COD (K-Complete Orthogonal Decomposition) algorithm for generating adaptive dictionary for signals sparse representation in the framework of K-means clustering is proposed in this paper,in which rank one approximation for components assembling signals based on COD and K-means clustering based on chaotic random search are well utilized. The results of synthetic test and empirical experiment for the real data show that the proposed algorithm outperforms recently reported alternatives: K-Singular Value Decomposition (K-SVD) algorithm and Method of Optimal Directions (MOD) algorithm.