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我国中学英语教学实施“弱式”还是“强式”交际法? 被引量:2
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作者 朱晓燕 《基础教育外语教学研究》 2005年第7期-,共4页
本文根据详实文献对英语交际法在国际和国内的产生、发展和变化进行了综述的基础上,侧重阐述不为大多数人所了解的“强式”、“弱式”和“标准版”交际法的内涵。同时结合作者所做的一个实证研究数据,比照文献资料,分析结果表明我国确... 本文根据详实文献对英语交际法在国际和国内的产生、发展和变化进行了综述的基础上,侧重阐述不为大多数人所了解的“强式”、“弱式”和“标准版”交际法的内涵。同时结合作者所做的一个实证研究数据,比照文献资料,分析结果表明我国确实是有实施弱式交际法的实例。 展开更多
关键词 “强式” “弱式” “标准版”交际法
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教育的美丽冒险:“弱式”教学的可能与实现 被引量:1
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作者 于辉 冯达飞 毕宪顺 《当代教育科学》 北大核心 2022年第6期24-31,共8页
受确定性强式教学思维影响,标准化的教学程序导致师生关系非对等存在,个体价值的关照不足;僵死的教学统治逻辑,造成强制化教学方式滥用,教学冲突增加;强予的知识传递过程致使教育情感功能缺失、情感价值淡化等危机。教学在本质上是不可... 受确定性强式教学思维影响,标准化的教学程序导致师生关系非对等存在,个体价值的关照不足;僵死的教学统治逻辑,造成强制化教学方式滥用,教学冲突增加;强予的知识传递过程致使教育情感功能缺失、情感价值淡化等危机。教学在本质上是不可预测,充满不确定性与风险的实践活动。从弱式思维审视入手,教学具有确证主体本质,促进个体价值生成;尊重超越力量,拓展生存发展状态;追认复杂性存在,实现人性幸福完满的可能。转向弱式的教学,要以事件教学法唤醒学生主体性,以平等性弱化偏倚的师生关系,以真诚性弱化强予的教学情境,在知情并进中拥抱世界的意义。 展开更多
关键词 “弱式”教学 不确定性 风险
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“强式”与“弱式”交际法对大学英语教学的启示 被引量:3
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作者 李放 《连云港职业技术学院学报》 2004年第2期54-57,共4页
从60年代末到70年代初,语言研究的重心开始从研究语言结构向语言功能方向转移。以Hymes提出的"交际能力"为核心的"交际法"语言教学受到语言学家和教学法研究者的关注。Howatt将"交际法"的实际运用区分为&... 从60年代末到70年代初,语言研究的重心开始从研究语言结构向语言功能方向转移。以Hymes提出的"交际能力"为核心的"交际法"语言教学受到语言学家和教学法研究者的关注。Howatt将"交际法"的实际运用区分为"强式"和"弱式"交际法。在我国大学英语教学中,由于受到教学条件、教学评价体系、教学时数、以及教材等方面的制约,目前应提倡以"弱式"交际法为主,逐步向"强式"交际法发展。 展开更多
关键词 “强式” “弱式” 交际法 大学 英语教学 教学方法 课堂交际活动
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汉语偏离补语的句法构造及生成机制分析——兼议汉语的“弱组合式”述补结构
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作者 孙天琦 《当代语言学》 北大核心 2024年第3期387-403,共17页
汉语中的“VA了”述补结构除了可以表示结果的实现,也可以表示结果偏离说话人的预期。表偏离义的“VA了”结构在论元配置、扩展能力、句式变换等方面都与典型述结式表现出明显差异。本文旨在为偏离补语的独特表现提供句法解释,并推导出... 汉语中的“VA了”述补结构除了可以表示结果的实现,也可以表示结果偏离说话人的预期。表偏离义的“VA了”结构在论元配置、扩展能力、句式变换等方面都与典型述结式表现出明显差异。本文旨在为偏离补语的独特表现提供句法解释,并推导出偏离补语结构的各种论元实现模式。文章指出,表偏离义的“VA了”在形式上的紧凑是一种假象,偏离补语所在的短语是有时体特征的限定性结构,无法满足生成述补复合词的条件,此类结构是一种没有补语标记的“弱组合式”述补结构。偏离补语与述语的句法衔接不需要依赖补语标记或者“论元共指”,因此区别于“得”字补语和连动结构。偏离补语区别于典型述结式的一系列特征都可以从其“弱组合式”的句法构造中得到统一解释。本文通过对偏离补语句法构造的研究,优化了以往对“黏合/组合”述补结构的判断标准,细化了汉语述补衔接的松紧模式刻画。 展开更多
关键词 偏离义“VA了” 偏离补语 “弱组合式”述补结构 述补衔接松紧模
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五步教学法与任务型教学途径的比较及其在西部中学英语教学中的运用 被引量:12
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作者 尹世寅 《四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2005年第6期25-31,共7页
通过对我国中学英语教学中使用的五步教学法和任务型教学途径进行比较和分析,我们可以发现,五步教学法在目前的课堂教学中仍然存在使用价值。两种教学模式的选用,应当依据学习者的英语水平和教学需要来决定。根据教学实际,西部一些学校... 通过对我国中学英语教学中使用的五步教学法和任务型教学途径进行比较和分析,我们可以发现,五步教学法在目前的课堂教学中仍然存在使用价值。两种教学模式的选用,应当依据学习者的英语水平和教学需要来决定。根据教学实际,西部一些学校还可以采用综合两种教学法优势的“弱式任务法”进行教学。 展开更多
关键词 五步教学法 任务型教学途径 西部中学英语教学 “弱任务法”
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证券市场有效性及其对会计信息的启示
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作者 卢相君 《吉林会计》 2003年第11期8-10,共3页
证券市场中信息对股票价格的反应程度一直以来都是投资者所关心的问题。由此建立了“有效性市场假设”(EMH)。这一学说经过近一个世纪的发展,今天已成为研究证券市场的重要前提。
关键词 证券市场 会计信息 信息披露 “弱有效市场” 投资者 “半强有效市场”
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Robustness analysis for a class of nonlinear descriptor systems 被引量:1
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作者 吴敏 张凌波 何勇 《Journal of Central South University of Technology》 2004年第4期457-460,共4页
The robustness analysis problem of a class of nonlinear descriptor systems is studied. Nonlinear matrix inequality which has the good computation property of convex feasibility is employed to derive some sufficient co... The robustness analysis problem of a class of nonlinear descriptor systems is studied. Nonlinear matrix inequality which has the good computation property of convex feasibility is employed to derive some sufficient conditions to guarantee that the nonlinear descriptor systems have robust disturbance attenuation performance, which (avoids) the computational difficulties in conversing nonlinear matrix and Hamilton-Jacobi inequality. The computation property of convex feasibility of nonlinear matrix inequality makes it possible to apply the results of nonlinear robust control to practice. 展开更多
关键词 nonlinear descriptor system robustness analysis robust disturbance attenuation nonlinear matrix (inequality)
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Flexural and eigen-buckling analysis of steel-concrete partially composite plates using weak form quadrature element method
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作者 XIA Jun SHEN Zhi-qiang +1 位作者 LIU Kun SUN Cheng-ming 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2019年第11期3087-3102,共16页
Flexural and eigen-buckling analyses for rectangular steel-concrete partially composite plates(PCPs)with interlayer slip under simply supported and clamped boundary conditions are conducted using the weak form quadrat... Flexural and eigen-buckling analyses for rectangular steel-concrete partially composite plates(PCPs)with interlayer slip under simply supported and clamped boundary conditions are conducted using the weak form quadrature element method(QEM).Both of the derivatives and integrals in the variational description of a problem to be solved are directly evaluated by the aid of identical numerical interpolation points in the weak form QEM.The effectiveness of the presented numerical model is validated by comparing numerical results of the weak form QEM with those from FEM or analytic solution.It can be observed that only one quadrature element is fully competent for flexural and eigen-buckling analysis of a rectangular partially composite plate with shear connection stiffness commonly used.The numerical integration order of quadrature element can be adjusted neatly to meet the convergence requirement.The quadrature element model presented here is an effective and promising tool for further analysis of steel-concrete PCPs under more general circumstances.Parametric studies on the shear connection stiffness and length-width ratio of the plate are also presented.It is shown that the flexural deflections and the critical buckling loads of PCPs are significantly affected by the shear connection stiffness when its value is within a certain range. 展开更多
关键词 weak form quadrature element method partially composite plates interlayer slip flexural analysis eigen-buckling analysis
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Positive integers possessing a weak order
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作者 刘弘泉 《Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)》 EI CAS 2006年第4期502-503,共2页
Let m be a positive integer, g(m) be the number of integers t for which 1 ≤ t ≤ m and there does not exist a positive integer n satisfying ( t = t(n) ) t^n+1≡t(modm).For a number x≥3, let G(x)=∑m≤tg(... Let m be a positive integer, g(m) be the number of integers t for which 1 ≤ t ≤ m and there does not exist a positive integer n satisfying ( t = t(n) ) t^n+1≡t(modm).For a number x≥3, let G(x)=∑m≤tg(m) In this paper, we obtain the asymptotic formula: .G(x)=αx^2+O(xlogx),ax x→∞ Our result improves the corresponding result with an error term O(xlog^2 x) of Yang Zhaohua obtained in 1986 展开更多
关键词 integers possessing a weak order asymptotic formula
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Dynamic failure mode and energy-based identification method for a counter-bedding rock slope with weak intercalated layers 被引量:8
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作者 FAN Gang ZHANG Jian-jing +1 位作者 FU Xiao ZHOU Li-rong 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第12期2111-2123,共13页
The dynamic failure mode and energybased identification method for a counter-bedding rock slope with weak intercalated layers are discussed in this paper using large scale shaking table test and the Hilbert-Huang Tran... The dynamic failure mode and energybased identification method for a counter-bedding rock slope with weak intercalated layers are discussed in this paper using large scale shaking table test and the Hilbert-Huang Transform(HHT) marginal spectrum.The results show that variations in the peak values of marginal spectra can clearly indicate the process of dynamic damage development inside the model slope.The identification results of marginal spectra closely coincide with the monitoring results of slope face displacement in the test.When subjected to the earthquake excitation with 0.1 g and 0.2 g amplitudes,no seismic damage is observed in the model slope,while the peak values of marginal spectra increase linearly with increasing slope height.In the case of 0.3 g seismic excitation,dynamic damage occurs near the slope crest and some rock blocks fall off the slope crest.When the seismic excitation reaches 0.4 g,the dynamic damage inside the model slope extends to the part with relative height of 0.295-0.6,and minor horizontal cracks occur in the middle part of the model slope.When the seismic excitation reaches 0.6 g,the damage further extends to the slope toe,and the damage inside the model slope extends to the part with relative height below 0.295,and the upper part(near the relative height of 0.8) slides outwards.Longitudinal fissures appear in the slope face,which connect with horizontal cracks,the weak intercalated layers at middle slope height are extruded out and the slope crest breaks up.The marginal spectrum identification results demonstrate that the dynamic damage near the slope face is minor as compared with that inside the model slope.The dynamic failure mode of counter-bedding rock slope with weak intercalated layers is extrusion and sliding at the middle rock strata.The research results of this paper are meaningful for the further understanding of the dynamic failure mode of counter-bedding rock slope with weak intercalated layers. 展开更多
关键词 Marginal spectrum Dynamic damage Counter-bedding slope Failure mode Shaking table test
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Retakh's Conditions (M_0) and Weakly (Sequentially) Compact Regularity
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作者 丘京辉 《Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition》 CSCD 北大核心 2002年第3期325-331,共7页
Weakly (sequentially) compactly regular inductive limits and convex weakly (sequentially) compactly regular inductive limits are investigated. (LF)-spaces satisfying Retakh's condition (M0) are convex weakly (sequ... Weakly (sequentially) compactly regular inductive limits and convex weakly (sequentially) compactly regular inductive limits are investigated. (LF)-spaces satisfying Retakh's condition (M0) are convex weakly (sequentially) compactly regular but need not be weakly (sequentially) compactly regular. For countable inductive limits of weakly sequentially complete Frechet spaces, Retakh's condition (M0) implies weakly (sequentially) compact regularity. Particularly for Kothe (LF)-sequence spaces Ep(1 ≤ p < ∞), Retakh's condition (M0) is equivalent to weakly (sequentially) compact regularity. For those spaces, the characterizations of weakly (sequentially) compact regularity are given by using the related results of Vogt. 展开更多
关键词 inductive limits (LF)-spaces REGULARITY Retakh's condition (M0).
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Analysis of thin plates by the weak form quadrature element method 被引量:8
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作者 ZHONG HongZhi YUE ZhiGuang 《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第5期861-871,共11页
The recently proposed weak form quadrature element method (QEM) is applied to flexural and vibrational analysis of thin plates The integrals involved in the variational description of a thin plate are evaluated by a... The recently proposed weak form quadrature element method (QEM) is applied to flexural and vibrational analysis of thin plates The integrals involved in the variational description of a thin plate are evaluated by an efficient numerical scheme and the par- tial derivatives at the integration sampling points are then approximated using differential quadrature analogs. Neither the grid pattern nor the number of nodes is fixed, being adjustable according to convergence need. The C~ continuity conditions char- acterizing the thin plate theory are discussed and the robustness of the weak form quadrature element for thin plates against shape distortion is examined. Examples are presented and comparisons with analytical solutions and the results of the finite element method are made to demonstrate the convergence and computational efficiency of the weak form quadrature element method. It is shown that the present formulation is applicable to thin plates with varying thickness as well as uniform plates. 展开更多
关键词 C1 continuity mesh distortion thin plate weak form quadrature element
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A weak form of beyond endoscopic decomposition for the stable trace formula of odd orthogonal groups
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作者 Chung Pang Mok 《Science China Mathematics》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第6期993-1012,共20页
We show that the cuspidal component of the stable trace formula of a split special odd orthogonal group over a number field, satisfies a weak form of beyond endoscopic decomposition. We also study the r-stable trace f... We show that the cuspidal component of the stable trace formula of a split special odd orthogonal group over a number field, satisfies a weak form of beyond endoscopic decomposition. We also study the r-stable trace formula, when r is the standard or the second fundamental representation of the dual group, and show that they satisfy a similar kind of beyond endoscopic decomposition. The results are consequences of Arthur's works(2013) on endoscopic classification of automorphic representations, together with known results concerning a class of Langlands L-functions for special odd orthogonal groups. 展开更多
关键词 cuspidal component stable trace formula beyond endoscopic decomposition r-stable trace formula
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Realization of the global yield mechanism of RC frame structures by redesigning the columns using column tree method 被引量:2
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作者 BAI JiuLin OU JinPing 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第10期1627-1637,共11页
Global failure mechanism, i.e., the strong-column weak-beam mechanism, can provide higher total energy dissipation capacity with less ductility demand on components than other failure modes, and results in a more unif... Global failure mechanism, i.e., the strong-column weak-beam mechanism, can provide higher total energy dissipation capacity with less ductility demand on components than other failure modes, and results in a more uniform story drift distribution and higher resistance to earthquake loads at the system level. However, the current code-based elastic design method cannot guarantee the global failure mechanism of frame structures under severe earthquakes. In this paper, a simple, but practical design procedure is proposed to ensure the global failure mechanism of reinforced concrete(RC) frame structures by redesigning the columns using the column tree method(CTM). CTM considers the yield limit state of all beams and column bases. The code-based design is firstly carried out to determine the section information of all beams and base columns. Then, the internal force demands applied on the column tree can be derived. Lastly, the column moments, shear forces and axial forces are determined according to the free-body diagram of CTM to finish the column redesign. Two RC frame structures with 6 and 12 stories are illustrated to verify the design procedure. The analytical results demonstrate the proposed approach can realize the global failure mechanism. 展开更多
关键词 global failure mechanism column tree method (CTM) reinforced concrete frame structures failure mode plastic hinges
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Regularity of Keldys-Fichera Boundary Value Problem for Degenerate Elliptic Equations
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作者 Limei LI Tian MA 《Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B》 SCIE CSCD 2010年第5期713-722,共10页
The authors discuss the W1,p-solutions and the interior regularity of weak solutions for the Keldys-Fichera boundary value problem using the acute angle principle,the reversed Hlder inequality and the generalized poin... The authors discuss the W1,p-solutions and the interior regularity of weak solutions for the Keldys-Fichera boundary value problem using the acute angle principle,the reversed Hlder inequality and the generalized poincar'e inequalities. 展开更多
关键词 Keldys-Fichera boundary value problem W1 p-regularity Interior regularity
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Sharp Inequalities for BMO Functions
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作者 Adam OSEKOWSKI 《Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B》 SCIE CSCD 2015年第2期225-236,共12页
The purpose of the paper is to study sharp weak-type bounds for functions of bounded mean oscillation. Let 0 〈 p 〈 ∞ be a fixed number and let I be an interval contained in R. The author shows that for any φ : I ... The purpose of the paper is to study sharp weak-type bounds for functions of bounded mean oscillation. Let 0 〈 p 〈 ∞ be a fixed number and let I be an interval contained in R. The author shows that for any φ : I → R and any subset E I of positive measure, |I|^-1/p/|E|1-1/p∫E|φ -1/|I|∫Iφdy|dx≤||φ||BMO(I),0〈p≤2,|I|^-1/p/|E|1-1/p∫E|φ -1/|I|∫Iφdy|dx≤p/2^2/pe2/p-1||φ||BMO(I)p≥2. For each p, the constant on the right-hand side is the best possible. The proof rests on the explicit evaluation of the associated Bellman function. The result is a complement of the earlier works of Slavin, Vasyunin and Volberg concerning weak-type, L ^p and exponential bounds for the BMO class. 展开更多
关键词 BMO Bellman function Weak-type inequality Best constants
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Collective Excitations of Low Dimensional Trapped Bose-Condensed Gas 被引量:2
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作者 罗运文 陈继胜 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第12期673-676,共4页
In this paper, we investigate excited characteristic of the weakly interacting quasi-one-dimensional (11)) and quasi-two-dimensional (2D) Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in harmonic potential trap. The energ3,... In this paper, we investigate excited characteristic of the weakly interacting quasi-one-dimensional (11)) and quasi-two-dimensional (2D) Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in harmonic potential trap. The energ3, spectrum and the analytical expression of the sound velocity are obtained and analyzed. Compared with 3-Dimensional homogeneous Bose-condensed gas occasion, the sound velocity of 21) Bose-Einstein condensation in harmonic potential trap is smaller. 展开更多
关键词 Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) sound velocity energy excitation spectrum
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REMARKS ON THE EXISTENCE OF WEAK SOLUTIONS TO 2-D INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS
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作者 ZHANGPING QiuQINGJIU 《Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B》 SCIE CSCD 1998年第4期529-536,共8页
The authors prove the global existence of weak solutions to 2-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (in vorticity-stream formulation) with initial votticity in L .It may be the best result that can be obtained for ... The authors prove the global existence of weak solutions to 2-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (in vorticity-stream formulation) with initial votticity in L .It may be the best result that can be obtained for initial vorticity in LP form. Moreover,the uniqueness is to be proved here. 展开更多
关键词 Navier-Stokes equations Vorticity-stream form Riesz potential theory Weak solution
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BOUNDARY REGULARITY FOR WEAK HEAT FLOWS 被引量:1
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作者 LIU XIANGAO Institute Mathematics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. E-mail: xgliuk@online.sh.cn 《Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B》 SCIE CSCD 2002年第1期119-136,共18页
The partial regularity of the weak heat flow of harmonic maps from a Riemannian manifold Al with boundary into general compact Riemannian manifold N without boundary is consid-ered. It is shown that the singular set S... The partial regularity of the weak heat flow of harmonic maps from a Riemannian manifold Al with boundary into general compact Riemannian manifold N without boundary is consid-ered. It is shown that the singular set Sing(u) of the weak heat flow satisfies H(Sing(u)) 0, with is = dimensionM. Here is Hausdorff measure with respect to parabolic metric ρ(x,t),(y,s)=max{|x-y|, }. 展开更多
关键词 weak heat flow of harmonic maps Hardy-BMO duality partial regularity
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