In order to improve the in vitro fertilization rate of bovine, the effects of different sperm capacitation methods on fertilization were investigated. Total two treatments were designed: two-time centrifugation (C)...In order to improve the in vitro fertilization rate of bovine, the effects of different sperm capacitation methods on fertilization were investigated. Total two treatments were designed: two-time centrifugation (C), and one-time centrifugation and swim-up method (CS). The results showed that the cleavage rate in the C treatment group was (75.6±4.5)%, which showed no difference compared with that ((76.4±1.9)%) in the CS treatment group (P〉0.05); there was also no significant dif- ference in blastocyst rate between the two treatment groups ((35.7±4.1)% vs. (36.3± 2.7)%, P〉0.05). However, the CS treatment significantly saved the capacitation time in vitro.展开更多
The main sea water pump is the key equipment for the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO). Affected by some factors such as hull deformation, sea water corrosion, rigid base and pipeline stress, the vib...The main sea water pump is the key equipment for the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO). Affected by some factors such as hull deformation, sea water corrosion, rigid base and pipeline stress, the vibration value of main sea water pump in the horizontal direction is abnormally high and malfunctions usually happen. Therefore, it is essential to make fault diagnosis of main sea water pump, By conventional off-line monitoring and vibration amplitude spectrum analysis, the fault cycle is found and the alarm value and stop value of equipment are set, which is helpful to equipment maintenance and accident prevention.展开更多
Eosinophilic cholecystitis is caused by the accumulation of eosinophils in the gallbladder wall and diagnosis is usually made based on histopahologic studies. The purpose of this paper is to comment on a case report p...Eosinophilic cholecystitis is caused by the accumulation of eosinophils in the gallbladder wall and diagnosis is usually made based on histopahologic studies. The purpose of this paper is to comment on a case report published in World 3 GaslToenterol 2007 .July; 13 (27): 3760-3762, about eosinophilic cholecystitis along with pericarditis without histopathological studies, which are considered necessary for its diagnosis.展开更多
The prediction of central bursting defects in the rod extrusion process through conical dies using the upper bound analysisis investigated. A kinematically admissible velocity field, including the radial and angular v...The prediction of central bursting defects in the rod extrusion process through conical dies using the upper bound analysisis investigated. A kinematically admissible velocity field, including the radial and angular velocity components, is proposed. A newcriterion is presented to predict the occurrence of the central bursting defects. Parameter bobt, which represents the risk probability ofcracking, is proposed. It is calculated using the shape of the boundary at the entrance by minimizing the total power dissipationduring the extrusion process. When bobt is equal to or greater than bcr, central bursting occurs. Furthermore, the quantitativerelationships between central bursting defects and process parameters (semi die angle, reduction in area and frictional factor) arestudied. The results show that the central bursting defects are affected primarily by the reduction in area and the friction factor. Thepresented criterion is verified by comparing with the FEM simulation data and the results of the published paper.展开更多
In metropolitan regions, the change in the strength of "flows" between a core city and surrounding cities re-flects the range of the core city's influence, while the gravity between core city and other c...In metropolitan regions, the change in the strength of "flows" between a core city and surrounding cities re-flects the range of the core city's influence, while the gravity between core city and other cities reflects the strength of potential relation between them. This article firstly attempts to delimit the boundary of metropolitan regions with the two dimensions measure combining "flows" and gravitation. The former is measured through the flow of people be-tween the core city and surrounding cities, and the latter is measured through both population and gross domestic products (GDP) of the core city and surrounding cities. The hierarchy of the cities within a metropolitan region is classified in order to emphasize the roles of the cities belonging to the metropolitan regions, different from the general way through population scale and administrative level, and is typical in China. This paper uses the Shanghai metropolitan region as a research case, determining boundary of this metropolitan region clearly and classifying hierarchy of the cities within the region. The final results are significantly different to previous work, even overthrowing the traditional system of urban hierarchy partly. It is helpful to highlight the function of cities in organizing the regional economy, the level structure of metropolitan regions, and each city's relative importance in a metropolitan region, which can be taken as scientific basis for planning integrated regions or urban systems.展开更多
The sympathetic nervous system plays a cardinal role in regulating cardiac function through releasing the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE). In comparison with central nervous system, the molecular mechanism of NE ...The sympathetic nervous system plays a cardinal role in regulating cardiac function through releasing the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE). In comparison with central nervous system, the molecular mechanism of NE uptake in myocardium is not clear. In present study, we proved that in rat the CNS type of NE transporter (NET) was also expressed in middle cervical-stellate ganglion complex (MC-SG complex) which is considered to control the activity of heart, but not expressed in myocardium. The results also showed that NET expression level in right ganglion was significantly higher than in the left, rendering the greater capacity of NE uptake in right ventricle, a fact which may contribute to the maintenance of right ventricular function under pathologic state.展开更多
Background Hyperuricemia is frequently present in patients with heart failure. Many pathological conditions, such as tissue ischemia, renal function impairment, cardiac function impairment, metabolic syndrome, and inf...Background Hyperuricemia is frequently present in patients with heart failure. Many pathological conditions, such as tissue ischemia, renal function impairment, cardiac function impairment, metabolic syndrome, and inflammatory status, may impact uric acid (UA) metabolism. This study was to assess their potential relations to UA metabolism in heart failure. Methods We retrospectively assessed clinical charac- teristics, echocardiological, renal, metabolic and inflammatory variables selected on the basis of previous evidence of their involvement in cardiovascular diseases and UA metabolism in a large cohort of randomly selected adults with congestive heart failure (n = 553). By clustering of indices, those variables were explored using factor analysis. Results In factor analysis, serum uric acid (SUA) formed part of a principal cluster of renal functional variables which included serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Univariate correlation coefficients between variables of patients with congestive heart failure showed that the strongest correlations for SUA were with BUN (r = 0.48, P 〈 0.001) and SCr (r = 0.47, P 〈 0.001). Conclusions There was an inverse relationship between SUA levels and measures of renal function in patients with congestive heart failure. The strong correlation between SUA and SCr and BUN levels suggests that elevated SUA concentrations reflect an impairment of renal function in heart failure.展开更多
Exercise training is beneficial to the cardiovascular system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are a class of conserved non-coding RNAs and play a wide-ranging role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Exercise ...Exercise training is beneficial to the cardiovascular system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are a class of conserved non-coding RNAs and play a wide-ranging role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Exercise training alters the expression levels of large amounts ofmiRNAs in the heart. In addition, circulating miRNAs appear to be regulated by exercise training. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the regulation of miRNAs during physical exercise intervention in various cardiovascular diseases, including pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. The regulatory role of circulating miRNAs after exercise training was also reviewed. In conclusion, miRNAs might be a valuable target for treatment of cardiovascular diseases and have great potential as biomarkers for assessment of physical performance.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
Radioimmunoassays were used to measure the concentration changes of plasma endothelin(ET) and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) during the onset and after termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(SVT). 30 ...Radioimmunoassays were used to measure the concentration changes of plasma endothelin(ET) and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) during the onset and after termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(SVT). 30 cases were reviewed and compansons with 42 normal subjects were made. There are very significant differences(P<0.0001) in the concentration changes of both plasma ET and ANP during the onset and 30 minutes after the termination of SVT. During the onset period of SVT. the plasma ET and ANP were markedly elevated and 30 minutes after its termination they were lowered significantly, but their concentrations were still 2-fold higher than ihose of the control group. As the biological effects of ANP and ET are antagonistic to each other. their parallel elevation and lowering of plasma concentrations during and.after the termination of SVT reveal that these 2 hormones parucipate in the pathophysiological process of SVT. This phenomenon is possibly one of the homeostatic regulatory functions in the organism.展开更多
Purpose: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are increasingly considered independent health behaviors. Additionally, current research suggests that both controlled and automatic determinants accoun...Purpose: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are increasingly considered independent health behaviors. Additionally, current research suggests that both controlled and automatic determinants account for their adoption. The purpose of this article was to identify intention-automaticity profiles toward PA and screen-based SB and to examine how those profiles are associated with different behavioral patterns. Method: Two cross-sectional studies based on self-report questionnaires were conducted with French high school students (Study 1: n = 198; Study 2: n = 185). Results: In all, 4 distinct motivational profiles appeared. The first 3 clusters emerged in both studies: "PA" (high levels of automaticity and intention for PA, low levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB); "screen" (high levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB, low levels of automatieity and intention for PA), and "mixed" (high levels of all variables), whereas the fourth cluster was observed only in Study 2: "high control" (below-mean levels of automaticity, high levels of intention toward both PA and screen-based SB). Adolescents with a screen profile displayed the least healthy behavioral pattern, whereas those in the PA profile demonstrated the most favorable behaviors. Conclusion: Future research is needed to extend these results to other populations using complementary assessment methods of automatic psychological processes and PA and SB behaviors.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
AIM: To explore the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and nutritional status in patients with enterocutaneous fistula. METHODS: Eight patients w...AIM: To explore the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and nutritional status in patients with enterocutaneous fistula. METHODS: Eight patients with enterocutaneous fistulas received recombinant human growth hormone (10 ug/d) for 7 d. Image analysis and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyse the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in intestinal mucosal epithelial cells in biopsy samples from the patients who had undergone an endoscopic biopsy through the fistula at day 0, 4 and 7. Body weights, nitrogen excretion, serum levels of total proteins, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin and fibronectin were measured at day 0, 4 and 7. RESULTS: Significant improvements occurred in the expression of PCNA in the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells at day 4 and 7 compared to day 0 (24.93 ± 3.41%, 30.46 ± 5.24% vs 12.92 ± 4.20%, p 〈 0.01). These changes were accompanied by the significant improvement of villus height (500.54 ± 53.79 um, 459.03 ± 88.98um vs 210.94 ± 49.16 um, P 〈 0.01), serum levels of total proteins (70.52 ± 5.13 g/L, 74.89 ± 5.16 g/L vs 63.51 ± 2.47 g/L, P 〈 0.01), albumin (39.44 ± 1.18 g/L, 42.39 ± 1.68 g/L vs 35.74 ± 1.75 g/L, P 〈 0.01) and fibronectin (236.3 4- 16.5 mg/L, 275.8± 16.9 mg/L vs 172.5 ± 21.4 mg/L, P 〈 0.01) at day 4 and 7, and prealbumin (286.38 ± 65.61 mg/L vs 180.88 ± 48.28 mg/L, P 〈 0.05), transferrin (2.61 ± 0.12 g/L vs 2.41 ±0.14 g/L, P 〈 0.05) at day 7. Nitrogen excretion was significantly decreased at day 7 (3.40 ± 1.65 g/d vs 7.25 ± 3.92 g/d, P 〈 0.05). No change was observed in the body weight. CONCLUSION: Recombinant human growth hormone could promote intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and protein synthesis in patients with enterocutaneous fistula.展开更多
The mosaic structure of landscape of the central area of Shanghai Metropolis is studied by quantitative methods of landscape ecology based on Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) in this paper. ...The mosaic structure of landscape of the central area of Shanghai Metropolis is studied by quantitative methods of landscape ecology based on Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) in this paper. Firstly, landscapes are classified into eight categories: residential quarter, industrial quarter, road, other urban landscape, farmland, village and small town, on-building area, river and other water bodies (such as lake, etc.). Secondly, a GIS is designed and set up based on the remote sensing data and field investigation, and a digital map of landscape mosaic is made. Then the indexes of diversity, dominance, fragmentation and isolation, and fractal dimension of each type of landscape in different periods are calculated by using spatial analysis method of GIS. With reference to the calculated results, a series of relative issues are discussed.展开更多
Objective: To retrospectively study the effects of epinephrine on blood pressure, heart rate as well as renal function in the patients with severe acute pancreatitis complicated with septic shock. Methods: Twenty-fi...Objective: To retrospectively study the effects of epinephrine on blood pressure, heart rate as well as renal function in the patients with severe acute pancreatitis complicated with septic shock. Methods: Twenty-five patients with severe acute pancreatitis complicated with septic shock were divided into 3 groups according to the biggest infusing rate of epinephrine used, with the infusing rate of 0.01-0.05, 0.06-0.10, 〉0.10 μg/kg·min in group A (n=9), B (n=8) and C (n=8), respectively. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine albumin (U-ALB) and urine β2-microglubulin (Uβ2-MG) as well as APACHE Ⅲ scoring were recorded in all the patients. Results: Before anti-shock therapy was given, hypotension, tachycardia, oliguria as well as the abnormal levels of CRE, BUN, U-ALB, Uβ2-MG and APACHE Ⅲ scoring occurred in all the 25 patients. With anti-shock therapy, MAP, HR, urine output and BUN, CRE in the patients from the 3 groups gradually returned to normal (P〈0.01 vs before anti-shock therapy), and U-ALB, Uβ2-MG output and APACHE Ⅲ scoring also restored but still remained abnormal (P〈0.01 vs before anti-shock therapy). Conclusion: The first goal to treat the patients with severe acute pancreatitis complicated with septic shock should be restoring the organ blood supply. Based on volume resuscitation, epinephrine and other vasoactive drugs could be combined to maintain circulatory stability and also could benefit the restoration of the renal function.展开更多
The hyperpolarization-activated current (If) plays an important role in determining the spontaneous rate of cardiac pacemaker cells. The automatic rhythmicity also exists in working cells of embryonic heart, therefore...The hyperpolarization-activated current (If) plays an important role in determining the spontaneous rate of cardiac pacemaker cells. The automatic rhythmicity also exists in working cells of embryonic heart, therefore we studied developmental changes in functional expression and β-adrenergic regulation of Iy in embryonic mouse heart. The expression of If is high in early developmental stage (EDS) (10.5 d after coitus) ventricular myocytes, low in intermediate developmental stage (IDS) (13.5 d) atrial or ventricular myocytes and even lower in late developmental stage (LDS) (16.5 d) atrial or ventricular myocytes, indicating that these cells of the EDS embryonic heart have some properties of pacemaker cells.β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (ISO) stimulates If in LDS but not in EDS cardiomyocytes, indicating that the β-adrenergic regulation of If is not mature in EDS embryonic heart. But forskolin (a direct activator of adenylate cyclase) and 8-Br-cAMP (a membrane-permeable analogue of cAMP) increase the amplitude of If in EDS cells, indicating that adenylate cyclase and cAMP function fairly well at early stage of development. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that If is modulated by phosphorylation via cAMP dependent PKA both in EDS and LDS cells.展开更多
Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise (externally-paced vs. self-paced sports) and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovas...Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise (externally-paced vs. self-paced sports) and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovascular fitness level of the participants. Methods: Three groups of children (11.0 ± 0.2 years) differentiated in terms of their regular sport participation (football players, n = 20; track and field athletes, n = 20; non-athletic controls, n = 20) took part in the study. In one session, participants performed the Leger Multi-stage fitness test to estimate their aerobic fitness level. In another session, participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) to evaluate their vigilance performance under 2 conditions of velocity demands (normal vs. speed). Results: The results revealed that both groups of sport practitioners had higher cardiovascular fitness than non-athlete controls. In contrast, no significant differences in the performance PVT were found between track and field athletes and controls. Crucially, football players showed better performance in the PVT than track and field athletes and controls. These between-group differences were not modulated by the speed demands of the task. Conclusion: The major novel finding of this research points to a positive relationship between sport participation and vigilance performance during childhood. We discuss our results in terms of the different hypotheses put forward in the literature to explain the relationship between regular exercise and cognitive fimctioning: the "cardiovascular fitness" and the "cognitive component skills" hypotheses.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
The biathlon, an Olympic sporting discipline that combines cross-country skiing with rifle marksmanship, entails considerable physiological demands, as well as fine motor control while shooting after intense exercise ...The biathlon, an Olympic sporting discipline that combines cross-country skiing with rifle marksmanship, entails considerable physiological demands, as well as fine motor control while shooting after intense exercise and under mental pressure. Although much of our knowledge about cross-country skiing is probably also applicable to the biathlon, carrying the rifle and shooting under stress make this discipline somewhat unique. The present review summarizes and examines the scientific literature related to biathlon performance, with a focus on physiological and biomechanical factors and shooting technique, as well as psychophysiological aspects of shooting performance. We conclude with suggestions for future research designed to extend our knowledge about the biathlon, which is presently quite limited.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).展开更多
Objective: To observe the effect of carvedilol injection on left ventricular function and collagen remodeling in rat with myocardial infarction. Methods: Sixty rats with a model of myocardial infarction were randomly ...Objective: To observe the effect of carvedilol injection on left ventricular function and collagen remodeling in rat with myocardial infarction. Methods: Sixty rats with a model of myocardial infarction were randomly divided into nine groups. The rats of therapeutical group were treated with carvedilol injection (2 mg/d intraperitoneal injection) and/or captopil (2 g/L drinking water) . Acute myocardial infarction ( AMI) group did not receive drug treatment. The animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after coronary artery ligation. The levels of plasma angiotensin II and plasma aldosterone and left ventricle function were determined at different time. The collagen content and the ratio of type I and III collagen of noninfarcted area were also assessed. Results: Compared with AMI group, the levels of plasma and myocardium angiotensin II and plasma aldosterone in both carvedilol and captopil group decreased at the eighth week (P<0.05). In addition, carvedilol improved systolic and diastolic function (P<0. 05). Compared with sham group, both collagen content and the ratio of type I / III collagen of noninfarcted area increased in AMI4 and AMI8 group (P<0. 05). The hydroxyproline levels and the ratio of type I/III collagen significantly decreased after carvedilol and/or captopil treatment , compared with AMI group at 4 or 8 week (P <0. 05). Conclusion: Carvedilol can improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction and has beneficial effect on left ventricular remodeling.展开更多
Cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal rats were treated with phorboll 2-myristatel 3-acetate (PMA ) ranging from 10(-11)to 10-7 mol/L for 20 min, causing cytosol protein kinase A (PKA) activity to decrease while parti...Cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal rats were treated with phorboll 2-myristatel 3-acetate (PMA ) ranging from 10(-11)to 10-7 mol/L for 20 min, causing cytosol protein kinase A (PKA) activity to decrease while particulate PKA activity increase in a concentration-dependent manner. The change of PKA activity induced by PMA was abolished completely by pretreatment of polymyxin B or depletion of protein kinase C (PKC). Type II PKA activity in particulate fraction was enhanced remarkably, while that of type I PKA was not altered when the cells were treated with 100 nmol/L PMA. The results suggested that subcellular distribution and activity of PKA in cardiomyocytes may be regulated by PKC.展开更多
基金Supported by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture(Beef and Yak)Research System(NYCYTX-38)Key Agriculture Research and Development Program of Qiqihar(NYGG-201524)~~
文摘In order to improve the in vitro fertilization rate of bovine, the effects of different sperm capacitation methods on fertilization were investigated. Total two treatments were designed: two-time centrifugation (C), and one-time centrifugation and swim-up method (CS). The results showed that the cleavage rate in the C treatment group was (75.6±4.5)%, which showed no difference compared with that ((76.4±1.9)%) in the CS treatment group (P〉0.05); there was also no significant dif- ference in blastocyst rate between the two treatment groups ((35.7±4.1)% vs. (36.3± 2.7)%, P〉0.05). However, the CS treatment significantly saved the capacitation time in vitro.
文摘The main sea water pump is the key equipment for the floating production storage and offloading (FPSO). Affected by some factors such as hull deformation, sea water corrosion, rigid base and pipeline stress, the vibration value of main sea water pump in the horizontal direction is abnormally high and malfunctions usually happen. Therefore, it is essential to make fault diagnosis of main sea water pump, By conventional off-line monitoring and vibration amplitude spectrum analysis, the fault cycle is found and the alarm value and stop value of equipment are set, which is helpful to equipment maintenance and accident prevention.
文摘Eosinophilic cholecystitis is caused by the accumulation of eosinophils in the gallbladder wall and diagnosis is usually made based on histopahologic studies. The purpose of this paper is to comment on a case report published in World 3 GaslToenterol 2007 .July; 13 (27): 3760-3762, about eosinophilic cholecystitis along with pericarditis without histopathological studies, which are considered necessary for its diagnosis.
文摘The prediction of central bursting defects in the rod extrusion process through conical dies using the upper bound analysisis investigated. A kinematically admissible velocity field, including the radial and angular velocity components, is proposed. A newcriterion is presented to predict the occurrence of the central bursting defects. Parameter bobt, which represents the risk probability ofcracking, is proposed. It is calculated using the shape of the boundary at the entrance by minimizing the total power dissipationduring the extrusion process. When bobt is equal to or greater than bcr, central bursting occurs. Furthermore, the quantitativerelationships between central bursting defects and process parameters (semi die angle, reduction in area and frictional factor) arestudied. The results show that the central bursting defects are affected primarily by the reduction in area and the friction factor. Thepresented criterion is verified by comparing with the FEM simulation data and the results of the published paper.
基金Under the auspices of Shanghai Foundation Item for Philosophy and Social Sciences (No 2005BCK004)Research Center on Metropolitan Regions of China (No RCMRC 07006)
文摘In metropolitan regions, the change in the strength of "flows" between a core city and surrounding cities re-flects the range of the core city's influence, while the gravity between core city and other cities reflects the strength of potential relation between them. This article firstly attempts to delimit the boundary of metropolitan regions with the two dimensions measure combining "flows" and gravitation. The former is measured through the flow of people be-tween the core city and surrounding cities, and the latter is measured through both population and gross domestic products (GDP) of the core city and surrounding cities. The hierarchy of the cities within a metropolitan region is classified in order to emphasize the roles of the cities belonging to the metropolitan regions, different from the general way through population scale and administrative level, and is typical in China. This paper uses the Shanghai metropolitan region as a research case, determining boundary of this metropolitan region clearly and classifying hierarchy of the cities within the region. The final results are significantly different to previous work, even overthrowing the traditional system of urban hierarchy partly. It is helpful to highlight the function of cities in organizing the regional economy, the level structure of metropolitan regions, and each city's relative importance in a metropolitan region, which can be taken as scientific basis for planning integrated regions or urban systems.
文摘The sympathetic nervous system plays a cardinal role in regulating cardiac function through releasing the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE). In comparison with central nervous system, the molecular mechanism of NE uptake in myocardium is not clear. In present study, we proved that in rat the CNS type of NE transporter (NET) was also expressed in middle cervical-stellate ganglion complex (MC-SG complex) which is considered to control the activity of heart, but not expressed in myocardium. The results also showed that NET expression level in right ganglion was significantly higher than in the left, rendering the greater capacity of NE uptake in right ventricle, a fact which may contribute to the maintenance of right ventricular function under pathologic state.
文摘Background Hyperuricemia is frequently present in patients with heart failure. Many pathological conditions, such as tissue ischemia, renal function impairment, cardiac function impairment, metabolic syndrome, and inflammatory status, may impact uric acid (UA) metabolism. This study was to assess their potential relations to UA metabolism in heart failure. Methods We retrospectively assessed clinical charac- teristics, echocardiological, renal, metabolic and inflammatory variables selected on the basis of previous evidence of their involvement in cardiovascular diseases and UA metabolism in a large cohort of randomly selected adults with congestive heart failure (n = 553). By clustering of indices, those variables were explored using factor analysis. Results In factor analysis, serum uric acid (SUA) formed part of a principal cluster of renal functional variables which included serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Univariate correlation coefficients between variables of patients with congestive heart failure showed that the strongest correlations for SUA were with BUN (r = 0.48, P 〈 0.001) and SCr (r = 0.47, P 〈 0.001). Conclusions There was an inverse relationship between SUA levels and measures of renal function in patients with congestive heart failure. The strong correlation between SUA and SCr and BUN levels suggests that elevated SUA concentrations reflect an impairment of renal function in heart failure.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81722008,91639101,and81570362 to JX and 81800358 to LW)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2017-01-07-00-09-E00042 to JX)+1 种基金the Science and TechnologyCommission of Shanghai Municipality(17010500100 to JX)the development fund for Shanghai talents(to JX)
文摘Exercise training is beneficial to the cardiovascular system. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are a class of conserved non-coding RNAs and play a wide-ranging role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Exercise training alters the expression levels of large amounts ofmiRNAs in the heart. In addition, circulating miRNAs appear to be regulated by exercise training. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the regulation of miRNAs during physical exercise intervention in various cardiovascular diseases, including pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. The regulatory role of circulating miRNAs after exercise training was also reviewed. In conclusion, miRNAs might be a valuable target for treatment of cardiovascular diseases and have great potential as biomarkers for assessment of physical performance.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
文摘Radioimmunoassays were used to measure the concentration changes of plasma endothelin(ET) and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) during the onset and after termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(SVT). 30 cases were reviewed and compansons with 42 normal subjects were made. There are very significant differences(P<0.0001) in the concentration changes of both plasma ET and ANP during the onset and 30 minutes after the termination of SVT. During the onset period of SVT. the plasma ET and ANP were markedly elevated and 30 minutes after its termination they were lowered significantly, but their concentrations were still 2-fold higher than ihose of the control group. As the biological effects of ANP and ET are antagonistic to each other. their parallel elevation and lowering of plasma concentrations during and.after the termination of SVT reveal that these 2 hormones parucipate in the pathophysiological process of SVT. This phenomenon is possibly one of the homeostatic regulatory functions in the organism.
文摘Purpose: Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are increasingly considered independent health behaviors. Additionally, current research suggests that both controlled and automatic determinants account for their adoption. The purpose of this article was to identify intention-automaticity profiles toward PA and screen-based SB and to examine how those profiles are associated with different behavioral patterns. Method: Two cross-sectional studies based on self-report questionnaires were conducted with French high school students (Study 1: n = 198; Study 2: n = 185). Results: In all, 4 distinct motivational profiles appeared. The first 3 clusters emerged in both studies: "PA" (high levels of automaticity and intention for PA, low levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB); "screen" (high levels of automaticity and intention for screen-based SB, low levels of automatieity and intention for PA), and "mixed" (high levels of all variables), whereas the fourth cluster was observed only in Study 2: "high control" (below-mean levels of automaticity, high levels of intention toward both PA and screen-based SB). Adolescents with a screen profile displayed the least healthy behavioral pattern, whereas those in the PA profile demonstrated the most favorable behaviors. Conclusion: Future research is needed to extend these results to other populations using complementary assessment methods of automatic psychological processes and PA and SB behaviors.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30571797National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, No. BK2006719
文摘AIM: To explore the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and nutritional status in patients with enterocutaneous fistula. METHODS: Eight patients with enterocutaneous fistulas received recombinant human growth hormone (10 ug/d) for 7 d. Image analysis and immunohistochemical techniques were used to analyse the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in intestinal mucosal epithelial cells in biopsy samples from the patients who had undergone an endoscopic biopsy through the fistula at day 0, 4 and 7. Body weights, nitrogen excretion, serum levels of total proteins, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin and fibronectin were measured at day 0, 4 and 7. RESULTS: Significant improvements occurred in the expression of PCNA in the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells at day 4 and 7 compared to day 0 (24.93 ± 3.41%, 30.46 ± 5.24% vs 12.92 ± 4.20%, p 〈 0.01). These changes were accompanied by the significant improvement of villus height (500.54 ± 53.79 um, 459.03 ± 88.98um vs 210.94 ± 49.16 um, P 〈 0.01), serum levels of total proteins (70.52 ± 5.13 g/L, 74.89 ± 5.16 g/L vs 63.51 ± 2.47 g/L, P 〈 0.01), albumin (39.44 ± 1.18 g/L, 42.39 ± 1.68 g/L vs 35.74 ± 1.75 g/L, P 〈 0.01) and fibronectin (236.3 4- 16.5 mg/L, 275.8± 16.9 mg/L vs 172.5 ± 21.4 mg/L, P 〈 0.01) at day 4 and 7, and prealbumin (286.38 ± 65.61 mg/L vs 180.88 ± 48.28 mg/L, P 〈 0.05), transferrin (2.61 ± 0.12 g/L vs 2.41 ±0.14 g/L, P 〈 0.05) at day 7. Nitrogen excretion was significantly decreased at day 7 (3.40 ± 1.65 g/d vs 7.25 ± 3.92 g/d, P 〈 0.05). No change was observed in the body weight. CONCLUSION: Recombinant human growth hormone could promote intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation and protein synthesis in patients with enterocutaneous fistula.
文摘The mosaic structure of landscape of the central area of Shanghai Metropolis is studied by quantitative methods of landscape ecology based on Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) in this paper. Firstly, landscapes are classified into eight categories: residential quarter, industrial quarter, road, other urban landscape, farmland, village and small town, on-building area, river and other water bodies (such as lake, etc.). Secondly, a GIS is designed and set up based on the remote sensing data and field investigation, and a digital map of landscape mosaic is made. Then the indexes of diversity, dominance, fragmentation and isolation, and fractal dimension of each type of landscape in different periods are calculated by using spatial analysis method of GIS. With reference to the calculated results, a series of relative issues are discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China(No. 30471675)the Topic of Tackle Key Problems in Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(No. 2004K17G15).
文摘Objective: To retrospectively study the effects of epinephrine on blood pressure, heart rate as well as renal function in the patients with severe acute pancreatitis complicated with septic shock. Methods: Twenty-five patients with severe acute pancreatitis complicated with septic shock were divided into 3 groups according to the biggest infusing rate of epinephrine used, with the infusing rate of 0.01-0.05, 0.06-0.10, 〉0.10 μg/kg·min in group A (n=9), B (n=8) and C (n=8), respectively. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine albumin (U-ALB) and urine β2-microglubulin (Uβ2-MG) as well as APACHE Ⅲ scoring were recorded in all the patients. Results: Before anti-shock therapy was given, hypotension, tachycardia, oliguria as well as the abnormal levels of CRE, BUN, U-ALB, Uβ2-MG and APACHE Ⅲ scoring occurred in all the 25 patients. With anti-shock therapy, MAP, HR, urine output and BUN, CRE in the patients from the 3 groups gradually returned to normal (P〈0.01 vs before anti-shock therapy), and U-ALB, Uβ2-MG output and APACHE Ⅲ scoring also restored but still remained abnormal (P〈0.01 vs before anti-shock therapy). Conclusion: The first goal to treat the patients with severe acute pancreatitis complicated with septic shock should be restoring the organ blood supply. Based on volume resuscitation, epinephrine and other vasoactive drugs could be combined to maintain circulatory stability and also could benefit the restoration of the renal function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30070279
文摘The hyperpolarization-activated current (If) plays an important role in determining the spontaneous rate of cardiac pacemaker cells. The automatic rhythmicity also exists in working cells of embryonic heart, therefore we studied developmental changes in functional expression and β-adrenergic regulation of Iy in embryonic mouse heart. The expression of If is high in early developmental stage (EDS) (10.5 d after coitus) ventricular myocytes, low in intermediate developmental stage (IDS) (13.5 d) atrial or ventricular myocytes and even lower in late developmental stage (LDS) (16.5 d) atrial or ventricular myocytes, indicating that these cells of the EDS embryonic heart have some properties of pacemaker cells.β-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol (ISO) stimulates If in LDS but not in EDS cardiomyocytes, indicating that the β-adrenergic regulation of If is not mature in EDS embryonic heart. But forskolin (a direct activator of adenylate cyclase) and 8-Br-cAMP (a membrane-permeable analogue of cAMP) increase the amplitude of If in EDS cells, indicating that adenylate cyclase and cAMP function fairly well at early stage of development. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that If is modulated by phosphorylation via cAMP dependent PKA both in EDS and LDS cells.
基金supported by a Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura predoctoral grant(FPU13-05605)to RBproject research grants:Junta de Andalucia Proyecto de Excelencia(SEJ-6414)+1 种基金Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad(PSI2013-46385)to DS and FHMinisterio de Economia y Competitividad(PSI2016-75956-P)to DS
文摘Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between different types of sport expertise (externally-paced vs. self-paced sports) and vigilance performance in children by evaluating the cardiovascular fitness level of the participants. Methods: Three groups of children (11.0 ± 0.2 years) differentiated in terms of their regular sport participation (football players, n = 20; track and field athletes, n = 20; non-athletic controls, n = 20) took part in the study. In one session, participants performed the Leger Multi-stage fitness test to estimate their aerobic fitness level. In another session, participants completed the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) to evaluate their vigilance performance under 2 conditions of velocity demands (normal vs. speed). Results: The results revealed that both groups of sport practitioners had higher cardiovascular fitness than non-athlete controls. In contrast, no significant differences in the performance PVT were found between track and field athletes and controls. Crucially, football players showed better performance in the PVT than track and field athletes and controls. These between-group differences were not modulated by the speed demands of the task. Conclusion: The major novel finding of this research points to a positive relationship between sport participation and vigilance performance during childhood. We discuss our results in terms of the different hypotheses put forward in the literature to explain the relationship between regular exercise and cognitive fimctioning: the "cardiovascular fitness" and the "cognitive component skills" hypotheses.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
文摘The biathlon, an Olympic sporting discipline that combines cross-country skiing with rifle marksmanship, entails considerable physiological demands, as well as fine motor control while shooting after intense exercise and under mental pressure. Although much of our knowledge about cross-country skiing is probably also applicable to the biathlon, carrying the rifle and shooting under stress make this discipline somewhat unique. The present review summarizes and examines the scientific literature related to biathlon performance, with a focus on physiological and biomechanical factors and shooting technique, as well as psychophysiological aspects of shooting performance. We conclude with suggestions for future research designed to extend our knowledge about the biathlon, which is presently quite limited.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
文摘Objective: To observe the effect of carvedilol injection on left ventricular function and collagen remodeling in rat with myocardial infarction. Methods: Sixty rats with a model of myocardial infarction were randomly divided into nine groups. The rats of therapeutical group were treated with carvedilol injection (2 mg/d intraperitoneal injection) and/or captopil (2 g/L drinking water) . Acute myocardial infarction ( AMI) group did not receive drug treatment. The animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after coronary artery ligation. The levels of plasma angiotensin II and plasma aldosterone and left ventricle function were determined at different time. The collagen content and the ratio of type I and III collagen of noninfarcted area were also assessed. Results: Compared with AMI group, the levels of plasma and myocardium angiotensin II and plasma aldosterone in both carvedilol and captopil group decreased at the eighth week (P<0.05). In addition, carvedilol improved systolic and diastolic function (P<0. 05). Compared with sham group, both collagen content and the ratio of type I / III collagen of noninfarcted area increased in AMI4 and AMI8 group (P<0. 05). The hydroxyproline levels and the ratio of type I/III collagen significantly decreased after carvedilol and/or captopil treatment , compared with AMI group at 4 or 8 week (P <0. 05). Conclusion: Carvedilol can improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction and has beneficial effect on left ventricular remodeling.
文摘Cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal rats were treated with phorboll 2-myristatel 3-acetate (PMA ) ranging from 10(-11)to 10-7 mol/L for 20 min, causing cytosol protein kinase A (PKA) activity to decrease while particulate PKA activity increase in a concentration-dependent manner. The change of PKA activity induced by PMA was abolished completely by pretreatment of polymyxin B or depletion of protein kinase C (PKC). Type II PKA activity in particulate fraction was enhanced remarkably, while that of type I PKA was not altered when the cells were treated with 100 nmol/L PMA. The results suggested that subcellular distribution and activity of PKA in cardiomyocytes may be regulated by PKC.