To solve the problem of mismatching features in an experimental database, which is a key technique in the field of cross-corpus speech emotion recognition, an auditory attention model based on Chirplet is proposed for...To solve the problem of mismatching features in an experimental database, which is a key technique in the field of cross-corpus speech emotion recognition, an auditory attention model based on Chirplet is proposed for feature extraction.First, in order to extract the spectra features, the auditory attention model is employed for variational emotion features detection. Then, the selective attention mechanism model is proposed to extract the salient gist features which showtheir relation to the expected performance in cross-corpus testing.Furthermore, the Chirplet time-frequency atoms are introduced to the model. By forming a complete atom database, the Chirplet can improve the spectrum feature extraction including the amount of information. Samples from multiple databases have the characteristics of multiple components. Hereby, the Chirplet expands the scale of the feature vector in the timefrequency domain. Experimental results show that, compared to the traditional feature model, the proposed feature extraction approach with the prototypical classifier has significant improvement in cross-corpus speech recognition. In addition, the proposed method has better robustness to the inconsistent sources of the training set and the testing set.展开更多
Estrus-associated glycoprotein (EGP) is a special protein in oviductal fluid which appears before ovulation and fertilization and disappears after the embryo passes into the uterus. One-and two dimensional SDS-PAGE an...Estrus-associated glycoprotein (EGP) is a special protein in oviductal fluid which appears before ovulation and fertilization and disappears after the embryo passes into the uterus. One-and two dimensional SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with monoclonal antibody or peanut agglutinin were used to characterize the glycoprotein,The specificity of the marking agents enabled the study to proceed without purification. EGP was found to include two proteins: one is acidic with a pH of 4.5 while the other is basic with a pH of 8.0 The molecular weights of their subunits are the same, that is 110 kD. This study may shed light on the mechanism of reproductive Process and be helpful to the development of a more cffective culture medium for in vitro culture of early embryo.展开更多
METHODS： Between December 2006 and June 2008, a total of 524 transfusion-associated HCV-RNA positive patients with or without HCC were enrolled, Liver stiffness was obtained noninvasively by using Fibroscan （Echosen...METHODS： Between December 2006 and June 2008, a total of 524 transfusion-associated HCV-RNA positive patients with or without HCC were enrolled, Liver stiffness was obtained noninvasively by using Fibroscan （Echosens, Paris, France）, The date of blood transfusion was obtained by interview, Duration of infection was derived from the interval between the date of bloodtransfusion and the date of liver stiffness measurement （LSM）. Patients were stratified into four groups based on the duration of infection （17-29 years; 30-39 years; 40-49 years; and 50-70 years）. The difference in liver stiffness between patients with and without HCC was assessed in each group. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with liver stiffness.RESULTS： A total of 524 patients underwent LSM. Eight patients were excluded because of unsuccessful measurements. Thus 516 patients were included in the current analysis （225 with HCC and 291 without）. The patients were 244 men and 272 women, with a mean age of 67.8 ±9.5 years. The median liver stiffness was 14.3 kPa （25.8 in HCC group and 7.6 in non HCC group）. The patients who developed HCC in short duration of infection were male dominant, having lower platelet count, with a history of heavier alcohol consumption, showing higher liver stiffness, and receiving blood transfusion at an old age. Liver stiffness was positively correlated with duration of infection in patients without HCC （r = 0.132, P = 0.024） but not in patients with HCC （r = -0.103, P = 0.123）. Liver stiffness was significantly higher in patients with HCC than in those without in each duration group （P 〈 0.0001）. The factors significantly associated with high liver stiffness in multiple regression were age at blood transfusion （P 〈 0.0001）, duration of infection （P = 0.0015）, and heavy alcohol consumption （P = 0.043）CONCLUSION： Although liver stiffness gradually increases over time, HCC develops in patients with high stiffness value regardless of the duration of infection.展开更多
According to the basic emotional theory, the artificial emotional model based on the finite state machine（FSM） was presented. In finite state machine model of emotion, the emotional space included the basic emotiona...According to the basic emotional theory, the artificial emotional model based on the finite state machine（FSM） was presented. In finite state machine model of emotion, the emotional space included the basic emotional space and the multiple emotional spaces. The emotion-switching diagram was defined and transition fimction was developed using Markov chain and linear interpolation algorithm. The simulation model was built using Stateflow toolbox and Simulink toolbox based on the Matlab platform. And the model included three subsystems： the input one, the emotion one and the behavior one. In the emotional subsystem, the responses of different personalities to the external stimuli were described by defining personal space. This model takes states from an emotional space and updates its state depending on its current state and a state of its input （also a state-emotion）. The simulation model realizes the process of switching the emotion from the neutral state to other basic emotions. The simulation result is proved to correspond to emotion-switching law of human beings.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to explore the effects of our rational emotive behavior therapy(REBT)program on symptoms,anxiety,depression,and sleep state in patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)undergoing chemotherapy.Met...Objective:This study aimed to explore the effects of our rational emotive behavior therapy(REBT)program on symptoms,anxiety,depression,and sleep state in patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:From October 2020 to May 2021,fifty-six patients with CRC in a hospital in the Hunan Province were randomly divided into an intervention group(n=28)and a control group(n=28).The patients in the intervention group completed a 6-week REBT program based on routine nursing care,including four courses:1)establish a relationship and formulate health files;2)group communications and study symptom management;3)continuously provide health knowledge and strengthen healthy behavior;and 4)review the treatment and summary.The control group maintained routine nursing care.The simplified Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Short Form(MSASeSFeSC),the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scale were used to investigate and compare the intervention effects of the two groups at baseline(T1,before the intervention),four weeks(T2),and six weeks(T3)after the intervention.Results:The intervention group was significantly improved in symptoms,anxiety,depression,and sleep state,compared with the control group.At T2,MSASeSFeSC(24.43±4.26 vs.28.07±3.91),symptom distress(17.29±4.04 vs.19.39±3.59),symptom frequency(7.14±1.51 vs.8.68±1.42),HADS(13.68±3.38 vs.15.86±3.79),anxiety(3.89±1.85 vs.5.18±2.18),and depression(9.79±2.06 vs.10.68±2.23),showed that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).At T3,MSASeSFeSC(23.89±3.54 vs.30.14±3.94),symptom distress(17.61±3.52 vs.21.32±3.57),symptom frequency(6.29±1.49 vs.8.82±1.47),HADS(11.82±2.57 vs.16.29±3.13),anxiety(3.21±1.64 vs.5.61±1.77),and depression(8.61±1.52 vs.10.68±1.81),showed that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The sleep state of the intervention group was better than the control group at T3,with decreased score of PSQI[4.00(3.00,8.00)vs.9.00(7.00,12.50),Z=-3.706,P<0.001].Conclusion:The 6-week REBT program can effectively improve the symptom,anxiety,depression,and sleep state of patients with CRC undergoing chemotherapy,which could as a care plan for patients with CRC who are repeatedly admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy.展开更多
A fuzzy neural network controller with the teaching controller guidance and parameter regulations for vector-controlled induction motor is proposed. The design procedures of the fuzzy neural controller and the teachin...A fuzzy neural network controller with the teaching controller guidance and parameter regulations for vector-controlled induction motor is proposed. The design procedures of the fuzzy neural controller and the teaching controller are described. The parameters of the membership function are regulated by an on-line learning algorithm. The speed responses of the system under the condition, where the target functions are chosen as I qs and ω, are analyzed. The system responses with the variant of parameter moment of inertial J, viscous coefficients B and torque constant K tare also analyzed. Simulation results show that the control scheme and the controller have the advantages of rapid speed response and good robustness.展开更多
Chronic hepatitis B and C together with alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases represent the major causes of progressive liver disease that can eventually evolve into cirrhosis and its end-stage complication...Chronic hepatitis B and C together with alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases represent the major causes of progressive liver disease that can eventually evolve into cirrhosis and its end-stage complications,including decompensation,bleeding and liver cancer.Formation and accumulation of fibrosis in the liver is the common pathway that leads to an evolutive liver disease.Precise definition of liver fibrosis stage is essential for management of the patient in clinical practice since the presence of bridging fibrosis represents a strong indication for antiviral therapy for chronic viral hepatitis,while cirrhosis requires a specif ic follow-up including screening for esophageal varices and hepatocellular carcinoma.Liver biopsy has always represented the standard of reference for assessment of hepatic fibrosis but it has some limitations being invasive,costly and prone to sampling errors.Recently,blood markers and instrumental methods have been proposed for the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis.However,there are still some doubts as to their implementation in clinical practice and a real consensus on how and when to use them is not still available.This is due to an unsatisfactory accuracy for some of them,and to an incomplete validation for others.Some studies suggest that performance of non-invasive methods for liver fibrosis assessment may increase when they are combined.Combination algorithms of non-invasive methods for assessing liver fibrosis may represent a rational and reliable approach to implement non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in clinical practice and to reduce rather than abolish liver biopsies.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the emotional and cognitive status in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), using neuropsychological tests and evoked-related potential (P3). Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed o...Objective To evaluate the emotional and cognitive status in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), using neuropsychological tests and evoked-related potential (P3). Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed of OSAS were tested by Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HRSA) and Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD). Other three groups, OSAS patient group (n=21), snoring group (n=21), and control group (n=21), were administered polysomnography (PSG), auditory evoked event-related potential (P3), and clinic memory test. The results were analyzed using general linear model (GLM) analysis and Post Hoc test. Results Twelve OSAS patients’ scores of HRSA and HRSD were beyond the normal range, 26.42 ±4.48 and 22.08 ±3.97 respectively. The auditory P3 latency in OSAS group was 363.1 ±22.9 ms (Fz), 368.57 ±28.03 ms (Cz), in snoring group 336.57 ±31.08 ms (Fz), 339.81 ±31.76 ms (Cz), in control group 340.8 ±28.7 ms (Fz), 338.29 ±29.21 ms (Cz). There were significant differences between OSAS group and snoring group, as well as control group (P< 0.05). No significant difference was seen between snoring group and control group. No significant difference was noted in P3 amplitude among three groups. Memory quotient (MQ) reduced in snoring group compared with control group. Conclusions Emotional disturbances are common clinical features in OSAS patients. Abnormal auditory P3 latency indicates the cognitive dysfunction in OSAS patients. Nocturnal hypoxaemia may play an important role on it. Snorers should be monitored because of the tendency to develop cognitive impairment.展开更多
Nine enclosures (5 m x 5 m) were built in a Fenneropenaeus chinensis culture pond of Rushan Gulf in April, 2001. The probiotics and BIO ENERGIZER solution were applied for disparate treatments. Variations of alkaline ...Nine enclosures (5 m x 5 m) were built in a Fenneropenaeus chinensis culture pond of Rushan Gulf in April, 2001. The probiotics and BIO ENERGIZER solution were applied for disparate treatments. Variations of alkaline phosphatase ac- tivity (APA) and its relationship with the contents of C, N and P in sediments were studied. Results show that APA of sedi- ments increases from 3.096 nmolg-1min-1 to 5.407 nmol g-1min-1 in culture period; the bacteria biomass is not the only factor to determine APA; the contents of total P and total organic carbon have a significant positive correlation with APA, while that of total nitrogen has a negative correlation. In addition, the contents of inorganic P and organic P are not regular with APA. By comparison, TOC shows a more significant coherence with APA, meaning that organic pollution in sediments af- fects APA remarkably.展开更多
Objectives:The purpose of this study was to describe relationships between negative emotions and perceived emotional support in parents of children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:This cros...Objectives:The purpose of this study was to describe relationships between negative emotions and perceived emotional support in parents of children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted face-to-face interviews between January 2019 and January 2020.Study variables included depression(PHQ-9 Scale),anxiety(Emotional Distress-Anxiety-Short Form 8a),anger(Emotional Distress-Anger-Short Form 5a),fear(Fear-Affect Computerized Adaptive Test),somatic fear(Fear-Somatic Arousal-Fixed Form),loneliness(Revised 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale),and perceived emotional support(Emotional Support-Fixed Form).Results:Eighty parents reported symptoms of depression 8.00(4.00,13.75),anxiety(23.43±7.80),anger(13.40±5.46),fear(72.81±27.26),somatic fear 9.00(6.00,12.75),loneliness(39.35±12.00),and low perceived emotional support(32.14±8.06).Parents who were young,single,low-income,and with limited-post secondary education reported greater loneliness and lower perceived emotional support.Fear correlated with depression(r=0.737,P<0.01)and anxiety(r=0.900,P<0.01).Inverse relationships were discovered between perceived emotional support and loneliness(r=-0.767,P<0.01),anger(r=-0.401,P<0.01),and depression(r=-0.334,P<0.01).Conclusions:The cluster of negative emotions identified will serve as potential targets for future interventions designed to enhance support for parents of critically ill children.展开更多
A simplified mechanical model of ultra-high pillar was established and its potential energy expression was derived under axial load on the basis of energy theory. Under critical conditions according to the nonlinear t...A simplified mechanical model of ultra-high pillar was established and its potential energy expression was derived under axial load on the basis of energy theory. Under critical conditions according to the nonlinear theory, the critical behaviors and the forming mechanism of pillar instability were discussed by external disturbance , such as stresses waves by blasting , axial force eccentricity ratherish and imperfections in pillar. The results show that the micro-disturbances attenuate with time and they are independence each other when pillar is in the stability state. Their effects on the stability of system are inessential. The correlation degree of disturbances increases sharply and various micro-disturbances are relative and nested reciprocally when the system is in critical state and they also cooperate with each other, which induces system to reach a new state.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273266,61231002,61301219,61375028)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20110092130004)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2014FQ016)
文摘To solve the problem of mismatching features in an experimental database, which is a key technique in the field of cross-corpus speech emotion recognition, an auditory attention model based on Chirplet is proposed for feature extraction.First, in order to extract the spectra features, the auditory attention model is employed for variational emotion features detection. Then, the selective attention mechanism model is proposed to extract the salient gist features which showtheir relation to the expected performance in cross-corpus testing.Furthermore, the Chirplet time-frequency atoms are introduced to the model. By forming a complete atom database, the Chirplet can improve the spectrum feature extraction including the amount of information. Samples from multiple databases have the characteristics of multiple components. Hereby, the Chirplet expands the scale of the feature vector in the timefrequency domain. Experimental results show that, compared to the traditional feature model, the proposed feature extraction approach with the prototypical classifier has significant improvement in cross-corpus speech recognition. In addition, the proposed method has better robustness to the inconsistent sources of the training set and the testing set.
文摘Estrus-associated glycoprotein (EGP) is a special protein in oviductal fluid which appears before ovulation and fertilization and disappears after the embryo passes into the uterus. One-and two dimensional SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with monoclonal antibody or peanut agglutinin were used to characterize the glycoprotein,The specificity of the marking agents enabled the study to proceed without purification. EGP was found to include two proteins: one is acidic with a pH of 4.5 while the other is basic with a pH of 8.0 The molecular weights of their subunits are the same, that is 110 kD. This study may shed light on the mechanism of reproductive Process and be helpful to the development of a more cffective culture medium for in vitro culture of early embryo.
文摘METHODS： Between December 2006 and June 2008, a total of 524 transfusion-associated HCV-RNA positive patients with or without HCC were enrolled, Liver stiffness was obtained noninvasively by using Fibroscan （Echosens, Paris, France）, The date of blood transfusion was obtained by interview, Duration of infection was derived from the interval between the date of bloodtransfusion and the date of liver stiffness measurement （LSM）. Patients were stratified into four groups based on the duration of infection （17-29 years; 30-39 years; 40-49 years; and 50-70 years）. The difference in liver stiffness between patients with and without HCC was assessed in each group. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with liver stiffness.RESULTS： A total of 524 patients underwent LSM. Eight patients were excluded because of unsuccessful measurements. Thus 516 patients were included in the current analysis （225 with HCC and 291 without）. The patients were 244 men and 272 women, with a mean age of 67.8 ±9.5 years. The median liver stiffness was 14.3 kPa （25.8 in HCC group and 7.6 in non HCC group）. The patients who developed HCC in short duration of infection were male dominant, having lower platelet count, with a history of heavier alcohol consumption, showing higher liver stiffness, and receiving blood transfusion at an old age. Liver stiffness was positively correlated with duration of infection in patients without HCC （r = 0.132, P = 0.024） but not in patients with HCC （r = -0.103, P = 0.123）. Liver stiffness was significantly higher in patients with HCC than in those without in each duration group （P 〈 0.0001）. The factors significantly associated with high liver stiffness in multiple regression were age at blood transfusion （P 〈 0.0001）, duration of infection （P = 0.0015）, and heavy alcohol consumption （P = 0.043）CONCLUSION： Although liver stiffness gradually increases over time, HCC develops in patients with high stiffness value regardless of the duration of infection.
基金Project(2006AA04Z201) supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘According to the basic emotional theory, the artificial emotional model based on the finite state machine（FSM） was presented. In finite state machine model of emotion, the emotional space included the basic emotional space and the multiple emotional spaces. The emotion-switching diagram was defined and transition fimction was developed using Markov chain and linear interpolation algorithm. The simulation model was built using Stateflow toolbox and Simulink toolbox based on the Matlab platform. And the model included three subsystems： the input one, the emotion one and the behavior one. In the emotional subsystem, the responses of different personalities to the external stimuli were described by defining personal space. This model takes states from an emotional space and updates its state depending on its current state and a state of its input （also a state-emotion）. The simulation model realizes the process of switching the emotion from the neutral state to other basic emotions. The simulation result is proved to correspond to emotion-switching law of human beings.
基金support from the Education Department of Hunan Province(No.19A419).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to explore the effects of our rational emotive behavior therapy(REBT)program on symptoms,anxiety,depression,and sleep state in patients with colorectal cancer(CRC)undergoing chemotherapy.Methods:From October 2020 to May 2021,fifty-six patients with CRC in a hospital in the Hunan Province were randomly divided into an intervention group(n=28)and a control group(n=28).The patients in the intervention group completed a 6-week REBT program based on routine nursing care,including four courses:1)establish a relationship and formulate health files;2)group communications and study symptom management;3)continuously provide health knowledge and strengthen healthy behavior;and 4)review the treatment and summary.The control group maintained routine nursing care.The simplified Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale Short Form(MSASeSFeSC),the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scale were used to investigate and compare the intervention effects of the two groups at baseline(T1,before the intervention),four weeks(T2),and six weeks(T3)after the intervention.Results:The intervention group was significantly improved in symptoms,anxiety,depression,and sleep state,compared with the control group.At T2,MSASeSFeSC(24.43±4.26 vs.28.07±3.91),symptom distress(17.29±4.04 vs.19.39±3.59),symptom frequency(7.14±1.51 vs.8.68±1.42),HADS(13.68±3.38 vs.15.86±3.79),anxiety(3.89±1.85 vs.5.18±2.18),and depression(9.79±2.06 vs.10.68±2.23),showed that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).At T3,MSASeSFeSC(23.89±3.54 vs.30.14±3.94),symptom distress(17.61±3.52 vs.21.32±3.57),symptom frequency(6.29±1.49 vs.8.82±1.47),HADS(11.82±2.57 vs.16.29±3.13),anxiety(3.21±1.64 vs.5.61±1.77),and depression(8.61±1.52 vs.10.68±1.81),showed that the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The sleep state of the intervention group was better than the control group at T3,with decreased score of PSQI[4.00(3.00,8.00)vs.9.00(7.00,12.50),Z=-3.706,P<0.001].Conclusion:The 6-week REBT program can effectively improve the symptom,anxiety,depression,and sleep state of patients with CRC undergoing chemotherapy,which could as a care plan for patients with CRC who are repeatedly admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy.
文摘A fuzzy neural network controller with the teaching controller guidance and parameter regulations for vector-controlled induction motor is proposed. The design procedures of the fuzzy neural controller and the teaching controller are described. The parameters of the membership function are regulated by an on-line learning algorithm. The speed responses of the system under the condition, where the target functions are chosen as I qs and ω, are analyzed. The system responses with the variant of parameter moment of inertial J, viscous coefficients B and torque constant K tare also analyzed. Simulation results show that the control scheme and the controller have the advantages of rapid speed response and good robustness.
基金Supported by An unrestricted grant from Roche-Italia
文摘Chronic hepatitis B and C together with alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases represent the major causes of progressive liver disease that can eventually evolve into cirrhosis and its end-stage complications,including decompensation,bleeding and liver cancer.Formation and accumulation of fibrosis in the liver is the common pathway that leads to an evolutive liver disease.Precise definition of liver fibrosis stage is essential for management of the patient in clinical practice since the presence of bridging fibrosis represents a strong indication for antiviral therapy for chronic viral hepatitis,while cirrhosis requires a specif ic follow-up including screening for esophageal varices and hepatocellular carcinoma.Liver biopsy has always represented the standard of reference for assessment of hepatic fibrosis but it has some limitations being invasive,costly and prone to sampling errors.Recently,blood markers and instrumental methods have been proposed for the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis.However,there are still some doubts as to their implementation in clinical practice and a real consensus on how and when to use them is not still available.This is due to an unsatisfactory accuracy for some of them,and to an incomplete validation for others.Some studies suggest that performance of non-invasive methods for liver fibrosis assessment may increase when they are combined.Combination algorithms of non-invasive methods for assessing liver fibrosis may represent a rational and reliable approach to implement non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in clinical practice and to reduce rather than abolish liver biopsies.
文摘Objective To evaluate the emotional and cognitive status in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), using neuropsychological tests and evoked-related potential (P3). Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed of OSAS were tested by Hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HRSA) and Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD). Other three groups, OSAS patient group (n=21), snoring group (n=21), and control group (n=21), were administered polysomnography (PSG), auditory evoked event-related potential (P3), and clinic memory test. The results were analyzed using general linear model (GLM) analysis and Post Hoc test. Results Twelve OSAS patients’ scores of HRSA and HRSD were beyond the normal range, 26.42 ±4.48 and 22.08 ±3.97 respectively. The auditory P3 latency in OSAS group was 363.1 ±22.9 ms (Fz), 368.57 ±28.03 ms (Cz), in snoring group 336.57 ±31.08 ms (Fz), 339.81 ±31.76 ms (Cz), in control group 340.8 ±28.7 ms (Fz), 338.29 ±29.21 ms (Cz). There were significant differences between OSAS group and snoring group, as well as control group (P< 0.05). No significant difference was seen between snoring group and control group. No significant difference was noted in P3 amplitude among three groups. Memory quotient (MQ) reduced in snoring group compared with control group. Conclusions Emotional disturbances are common clinical features in OSAS patients. Abnormal auditory P3 latency indicates the cognitive dysfunction in OSAS patients. Nocturnal hypoxaemia may play an important role on it. Snorers should be monitored because of the tendency to develop cognitive impairment.
基金the Major State Basic Research of China(Grant No.G1999012011) the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2002AA648010).
文摘Nine enclosures (5 m x 5 m) were built in a Fenneropenaeus chinensis culture pond of Rushan Gulf in April, 2001. The probiotics and BIO ENERGIZER solution were applied for disparate treatments. Variations of alkaline phosphatase ac- tivity (APA) and its relationship with the contents of C, N and P in sediments were studied. Results show that APA of sedi- ments increases from 3.096 nmolg-1min-1 to 5.407 nmol g-1min-1 in culture period; the bacteria biomass is not the only factor to determine APA; the contents of total P and total organic carbon have a significant positive correlation with APA, while that of total nitrogen has a negative correlation. In addition, the contents of inorganic P and organic P are not regular with APA. By comparison, TOC shows a more significant coherence with APA, meaning that organic pollution in sediments af- fects APA remarkably.
基金This work was supported by the West Virginia University School of Nursing Research Investment Fund.
文摘Objectives:The purpose of this study was to describe relationships between negative emotions and perceived emotional support in parents of children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted face-to-face interviews between January 2019 and January 2020.Study variables included depression(PHQ-9 Scale),anxiety(Emotional Distress-Anxiety-Short Form 8a),anger(Emotional Distress-Anger-Short Form 5a),fear(Fear-Affect Computerized Adaptive Test),somatic fear(Fear-Somatic Arousal-Fixed Form),loneliness(Revised 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale),and perceived emotional support(Emotional Support-Fixed Form).Results:Eighty parents reported symptoms of depression 8.00(4.00,13.75),anxiety(23.43±7.80),anger(13.40±5.46),fear(72.81±27.26),somatic fear 9.00(6.00,12.75),loneliness(39.35±12.00),and low perceived emotional support(32.14±8.06).Parents who were young,single,low-income,and with limited-post secondary education reported greater loneliness and lower perceived emotional support.Fear correlated with depression(r=0.737,P<0.01)and anxiety(r=0.900,P<0.01).Inverse relationships were discovered between perceived emotional support and loneliness(r=-0.767,P<0.01),anger(r=-0.401,P<0.01),and depression(r=-0.334,P<0.01).Conclusions:The cluster of negative emotions identified will serve as potential targets for future interventions designed to enhance support for parents of critically ill children.
文摘A simplified mechanical model of ultra-high pillar was established and its potential energy expression was derived under axial load on the basis of energy theory. Under critical conditions according to the nonlinear theory, the critical behaviors and the forming mechanism of pillar instability were discussed by external disturbance , such as stresses waves by blasting , axial force eccentricity ratherish and imperfections in pillar. The results show that the micro-disturbances attenuate with time and they are independence each other when pillar is in the stability state. Their effects on the stability of system are inessential. The correlation degree of disturbances increases sharply and various micro-disturbances are relative and nested reciprocally when the system is in critical state and they also cooperate with each other, which induces system to reach a new state.
