Giora proposed that general principle of salience： salient comprehension of figurative and meanings are processed first and literal language be governed by a more meaning salience determines the type of processing in...Giora proposed that general principle of salience： salient comprehension of figurative and meanings are processed first and literal language be governed by a more meaning salience determines the type of processing invoked. According to the Graded Salience Hypothesis, processing familiar metaphors should involve the activation of both their metaphoric and literal meanings, regardless of the type of context in which they are embedded. Processing less familiar metaphors should activate the literal meaning in both types of contexts; however, in the literally biased context, it should be the only one activated. Processing familiar idioms in context biased towards the idiomatic meaning should evoke their figurative meaning almost exclusively, because their figurative meaning is much more salient than their literal meaning. However, processing less familiar idioms in an idiomatic context should activate both their literal and idiomatic meanings because both meanings enjoy similar salience status.展开更多
D.H.Lawrence is a great writer and Woman in Love is considered as his masterpiece and one of the undoubted classic ofthe 20tb century. Through his flexible application of symbolism, the novel is presented with fragmen...D.H.Lawrence is a great writer and Woman in Love is considered as his masterpiece and one of the undoubted classic ofthe 20tb century. Through his flexible application of symbolism, the novel is presented with fragmentary scenes instead of the usual plots, and a lot of separate and unrelated images are employed to reflect the mental conflicts among the major characters. By analyzing the symbolism in this paper, the author hopes to find the importance of symbolism in strengthening the distinct characteristics, enhancing the development of the plot, and hence the emphasis of the theme of the novel.展开更多
Fire is the world meaning symbol of wisdom, purification. Elements of place symbolism associated with fire are day time and specifically noon when the sun＇s light and heat is the greatest. The association with the su...Fire is the world meaning symbol of wisdom, purification. Elements of place symbolism associated with fire are day time and specifically noon when the sun＇s light and heat is the greatest. The association with the sun makes fire an above space phenomena rather than a below or within space phenomena. The fireplaces have the same meaning for the houses like the sun for the earth. This paper is divided in several topics to show how the fire changes its meaning and how do peoples attitude to fire can be changed. Fire can represents in wedding ceremony, fire out of control makes chaos, destroying around everything from which arise the new life, and fire make the soul to be free from the sin. Fire, the eternal flame is the symbol of strong emotional feelings. The purpose of the paper is to give the interesting examples of fire symbols in Georgian folklore and make some similarities with world experiences. Georgian people as a part of ancient world make their own culture and in order to integrate Georgian materials in world cultural fund paper aims to make comparative work to achieve the main goal.展开更多
Oral literature transcends from orality to scribality and then textuality due to technological innovation. This paper seeks to evaluate the value of the characteristics of orality as applied by Oliver Kgadime Matsepe ...Oral literature transcends from orality to scribality and then textuality due to technological innovation. This paper seeks to evaluate the value of the characteristics of orality as applied by Oliver Kgadime Matsepe in his novel Legitaphiri （Unsolved Problem） （2008）. This will be done by taking into account the significance of self and community in a developing and changing society. It is important to note that all cultures are born from orality. However, the changes that the self and community undergo have a strong impact on the communications models within the community. This is influenced by the self and community, as the writer expresses his/her views by means of language that is based on a particular community.展开更多
As one of the first and most original creations of literary postmodernism, published in the year 1961, Catch-22＇s （1961） position in American literature remains secure. Yet its ending has been held as unconvincing ...As one of the first and most original creations of literary postmodernism, published in the year 1961, Catch-22＇s （1961） position in American literature remains secure. Yet its ending has been held as unconvincing ever since its publication. Taking the overall structure, tone, and the theme of the novel into consideration, this paper aims to prove the credibility of this controversial part. It consists of five sections apart from an introduction and a conclusion. Section One provides general information on the life and works of Joseph Heller. Section Two traces the impact of existentialism and the generation of black humor to clarify the literary position of Catch-22. Section Three brings out the disputative opinions on the ending part. Sections Four and Five, try to prove Yossarian＇s final desertion a natural and convincing ending from different perspectives： Section Four analyses how Yossarian gains an entropic vision of the cosmos; section Five studies his existential vision of physical life and searches for the immediate factors that propel Yossarian＇s desertion. Section five also explains the ending＇s change in tone and structure. The conclusion summarizes the paper and points out the social significance of the novel.展开更多
＂The Great Gatzby＂ is a novel written by American writer Fitzgerald, which was selected as one of the top hunderd excellent novels by American academic authority at the end of 20th Century. Since the birth of the no...＂The Great Gatzby＂ is a novel written by American writer Fitzgerald, which was selected as one of the top hunderd excellent novels by American academic authority at the end of 20th Century. Since the birth of the novel, Fitzgerald has become one of the most important American writers. In this novel, the author has used many symbolic techniques, which makes the novel theme extend to the American Dream failure from the surface love tragic love story. This paper interpretes the symbolic meaning of novel from the three aspects of specific things, color symbol and character symbol.展开更多
This paper attempts to focus on Jorge Luis Borges’ short story The Gospel according To Mark. Borges, an Argentina short storywriter and translator, whose motherland is under long-term western colonization, identifi e...This paper attempts to focus on Jorge Luis Borges’ short story The Gospel according To Mark. Borges, an Argentina short storywriter and translator, whose motherland is under long-term western colonization, identifi es himself unconsciously with the western culture. Hisworks mostly touch upon the themes of religion and philosophy. Along with post-colonialism theory’s springing up, critics began to analyze hisworks from the post-colonial perspective. The author thinks that this short story with religious implication parallels to the cultural invasion in theperiod of colonization, from powerful culture to weaker one. The author, thus, aims to use Michael Foucault’s viewpoints concerning power andknowledge to probe into the western cultural hegemony and ideological invasion refl ected in this story. Besides, the loss and construction of theethnic identity of the colonized will be discussed in details.展开更多
文摘Giora proposed that general principle of salience： salient comprehension of figurative and meanings are processed first and literal language be governed by a more meaning salience determines the type of processing invoked. According to the Graded Salience Hypothesis, processing familiar metaphors should involve the activation of both their metaphoric and literal meanings, regardless of the type of context in which they are embedded. Processing less familiar metaphors should activate the literal meaning in both types of contexts; however, in the literally biased context, it should be the only one activated. Processing familiar idioms in context biased towards the idiomatic meaning should evoke their figurative meaning almost exclusively, because their figurative meaning is much more salient than their literal meaning. However, processing less familiar idioms in an idiomatic context should activate both their literal and idiomatic meanings because both meanings enjoy similar salience status.
文摘D.H.Lawrence is a great writer and Woman in Love is considered as his masterpiece and one of the undoubted classic ofthe 20tb century. Through his flexible application of symbolism, the novel is presented with fragmentary scenes instead of the usual plots, and a lot of separate and unrelated images are employed to reflect the mental conflicts among the major characters. By analyzing the symbolism in this paper, the author hopes to find the importance of symbolism in strengthening the distinct characteristics, enhancing the development of the plot, and hence the emphasis of the theme of the novel.
文摘Fire is the world meaning symbol of wisdom, purification. Elements of place symbolism associated with fire are day time and specifically noon when the sun＇s light and heat is the greatest. The association with the sun makes fire an above space phenomena rather than a below or within space phenomena. The fireplaces have the same meaning for the houses like the sun for the earth. This paper is divided in several topics to show how the fire changes its meaning and how do peoples attitude to fire can be changed. Fire can represents in wedding ceremony, fire out of control makes chaos, destroying around everything from which arise the new life, and fire make the soul to be free from the sin. Fire, the eternal flame is the symbol of strong emotional feelings. The purpose of the paper is to give the interesting examples of fire symbols in Georgian folklore and make some similarities with world experiences. Georgian people as a part of ancient world make their own culture and in order to integrate Georgian materials in world cultural fund paper aims to make comparative work to achieve the main goal.
文摘Oral literature transcends from orality to scribality and then textuality due to technological innovation. This paper seeks to evaluate the value of the characteristics of orality as applied by Oliver Kgadime Matsepe in his novel Legitaphiri （Unsolved Problem） （2008）. This will be done by taking into account the significance of self and community in a developing and changing society. It is important to note that all cultures are born from orality. However, the changes that the self and community undergo have a strong impact on the communications models within the community. This is influenced by the self and community, as the writer expresses his/her views by means of language that is based on a particular community.
文摘As one of the first and most original creations of literary postmodernism, published in the year 1961, Catch-22＇s （1961） position in American literature remains secure. Yet its ending has been held as unconvincing ever since its publication. Taking the overall structure, tone, and the theme of the novel into consideration, this paper aims to prove the credibility of this controversial part. It consists of five sections apart from an introduction and a conclusion. Section One provides general information on the life and works of Joseph Heller. Section Two traces the impact of existentialism and the generation of black humor to clarify the literary position of Catch-22. Section Three brings out the disputative opinions on the ending part. Sections Four and Five, try to prove Yossarian＇s final desertion a natural and convincing ending from different perspectives： Section Four analyses how Yossarian gains an entropic vision of the cosmos; section Five studies his existential vision of physical life and searches for the immediate factors that propel Yossarian＇s desertion. Section five also explains the ending＇s change in tone and structure. The conclusion summarizes the paper and points out the social significance of the novel.
文摘＂The Great Gatzby＂ is a novel written by American writer Fitzgerald, which was selected as one of the top hunderd excellent novels by American academic authority at the end of 20th Century. Since the birth of the novel, Fitzgerald has become one of the most important American writers. In this novel, the author has used many symbolic techniques, which makes the novel theme extend to the American Dream failure from the surface love tragic love story. This paper interpretes the symbolic meaning of novel from the three aspects of specific things, color symbol and character symbol.
文摘This paper attempts to focus on Jorge Luis Borges’ short story The Gospel according To Mark. Borges, an Argentina short storywriter and translator, whose motherland is under long-term western colonization, identifi es himself unconsciously with the western culture. Hisworks mostly touch upon the themes of religion and philosophy. Along with post-colonialism theory’s springing up, critics began to analyze hisworks from the post-colonial perspective. The author thinks that this short story with religious implication parallels to the cultural invasion in theperiod of colonization, from powerful culture to weaker one. The author, thus, aims to use Michael Foucault’s viewpoints concerning power andknowledge to probe into the western cultural hegemony and ideological invasion refl ected in this story. Besides, the loss and construction of theethnic identity of the colonized will be discussed in details.
