In the present experiment, Pavlovian fear conditioning was adopted to study the effects of different early rearing environments on fear conditioning in adult rats. Weaned rats were reared in three manipulable environm...In the present experiment, Pavlovian fear conditioning was adopted to study the effects of different early rearing environments on fear conditioning in adult rats. Weaned rats were reared in three manipulable environments （enriched, social and isolated conditions）. After 8 weeks, fear conditioning （characterized by percentage of freezing） was observed and analyzed, and rats＇ weight, locomoter activity and foot-shock sensitivity were operated too. The results showed that： （1） Compared with control group, the level of conditioned fear was significantly increased in enriched group, but significantly decreased in isolated group; （2） Enriched and isolated conditions influenced rat＇s weight significantly; （3） Different rearing conditions have no effect on locomoter activity and foot-shock sensitivity. These results indicated that early enriched condition could improve the tone-evoked fear conditioning response, while isolated condition impaired the response.展开更多
Based on remote sensing data, field investigation and trench measurement along the piedmont fault (Wujumengkou Dongfengcun) of Mt. Serteng, the vertical displacement rate has been found to be 0 88～1 83mm/a since the ...Based on remote sensing data, field investigation and trench measurement along the piedmont fault (Wujumengkou Dongfengcun) of Mt. Serteng, the vertical displacement rate has been found to be 0 88～1 83mm/a since the late period of late Pleistocene and 0 89mm/a since the middle period of Holocene. Using the progressive constraining method,five paleoearthquake events have been distinguished from two large trenches since Holocene. They occurred 9000±1300a B.P., 6500±500a B.P., 5770a B.P., 4200±300a B.P. and 3250±250a B.P., respectively. From the late period of late Pleistocene to the beginning of Holocene, some paleoearthquake events may have been missed due to a variety of reasons. All of the paleoearthquake events displayed clustering characteristics to a certain extent. The first cluster was occurred around 8900a B.P., the second cluster occurred between 5700～6500a B.P. and the last cluster was occurred in 3250～4200 a B.P. The interval between the first cluster and the second cluster was about 2400a while that between the second cluster and the third cluster was only 1570a. No earthquake events have cut the ground surface along this active fault segment since 3250a B.P. The lapse time is more than the recurrence interval between two paleoearthquake clusters. Therefore, there is a potential risk for a recurring earthquake along this active fault segment.展开更多
The details of seismic monitoring network and seismological work in Thailand, including some information on felt earthquakes that occurred from 2000 to August 2001, are reported here.
Delimitation of an urban growth boundary(UGB)can effectively curb disorderly urban expansion,optimize urban development space and protect the ecological environment.Eco-environmental sensitivity was evaluated and area...Delimitation of an urban growth boundary(UGB)can effectively curb disorderly urban expansion,optimize urban development space and protect the ecological environment.Eco-environmental sensitivity was evaluated and areas prohibiting construction expansion were extracted by establishing an index system.Point of interest(POI)and microblog data were utilized to analyze the expansion of residential activity space.Urban space expansion potential was calculated using a comprehensive evaluation model,and an urban growth boundary for Jinan in 2020 was delimited combining the predicted urban expansion scale.The results showed that:(1)An evaluation of eco-environmental sensitivity can effectively protect ecological land and provide an ecological basis for urban expansion.Regions with high eco-environmental sensitivities in Jinan are located along the banks of the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River and in southeast mountainous areas,but eco-environmental sensitivities in the central,north and southeast areas are relatively low;(2)The model to evaluate urban residential activity expansion can quantify the spatial distribution of urban residents’activities.Regions with high potential for residential activity space expansion in Jinan are mainly concentrated in the middle of Jinan and most are part of existing built-up areas and surrounding areas;(3)The method that delimits urban growth boundaries based on the coordination of ecology and residential activity space is reasonable.Spatial expansion in Jinan mainly extends towards the east and west wings,and the boundary conforms to the spatial strategy guiding Jinan’s development and is consistent with the overall layout in related plans.Considering both ecological protection and the internal forces driving urban expansion,the method of urban growth boundary delimitation used in this study can provide a reference and practical help for studies and management of urban development in the new era.展开更多
We review recent research activities on structural reliability analysis,reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) and applications in complex engineering structural design.Several novel uncertainty propagation metho...We review recent research activities on structural reliability analysis,reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) and applications in complex engineering structural design.Several novel uncertainty propagation methods and reliability models,which are the basis of the reliability assessment,are given.In addition,recent developments on reliability evaluation and sensitivity analysis are highlighted as well as implementation strategies for RBDO.展开更多
In the present study,we combined CaCO_(3)NPs and Ce6 to construct CaCO_(3)-Ce6 nanoparticles (NPs).CaCO_(3)-Ce6 NPs were characterized in terms of particle size,zeta potential,UV-Vis absorption spectrum,fluorescence s...In the present study,we combined CaCO_(3)NPs and Ce6 to construct CaCO_(3)-Ce6 nanoparticles (NPs).CaCO_(3)-Ce6 NPs were characterized in terms of particle size,zeta potential,UV-Vis absorption spectrum,fluorescence spectrum,FTIR spectrum,and pH-responsive behavior.The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vitro was measured in 4T1 cells.The results showed that CaCO_(3)-Ce6 NPs were uniform-sized NPs with excellent fluorescence properties and pH-responsive behavior.The ability of ROS generation by CaCO_(3)-Ce6 NPs was stronger compared with Ce6 in 4T1 cells because Ca;could enhance the ROS generation,which could contribute to a stronger anti-tumor effect.展开更多
Influenza A virus NS1 protein has developed two main IFN-antagonizing mechanisms by inhibiting retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signal transduction, or by suppressing cellular pre-mRNA processing through binding...Influenza A virus NS1 protein has developed two main IFN-antagonizing mechanisms by inhibiting retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signal transduction, or by suppressing cellular pre-mRNA processing through binding to cleavage and polyad-enylation specific factor 30 (CPSF30). However, the precise effects of NS1 on suppressing type I IFN induction have not been well characterized. Here we report that compared with PR/8/34 NS1, which is localized partially in the cytoplasm and has strong IFN-antagonizing ability via specifically inhibiting IFN-β promoter activity, H5N1 NS1 has strikingly different characteristics. It mainly accumulates in the nucleus of transfected cells and exerts rather weak IFN-counteracting ability through suppression of the overall gene expression. The M101I mutation of H5N1 NS1, namely H5-M101I, fully reversed its functions. H5-M101I gained the ability to specifically inhibit IFN-β promoter activity, translocate to the cytoplasm, and release CPSF30. The previously reported NES (nuclear export signal) (residues 138 147) was unable to lead H5N1 NS1 to translocate. This suggests that other residues may serve as a potent NES. Findings indicated that together with leucine-100, methionine-101 en- hanced the regional NES. In addition, methionine-101 was the key residue for the NS1-CPSF30 interaction. This study reveals the importance of methionine-101 in the influenza A virus life cycle and may provide valuable information for antiviral strategies.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(30770689)Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (05B045)National Basic Research Program of China (2002CB410803-04)
文摘In the present experiment, Pavlovian fear conditioning was adopted to study the effects of different early rearing environments on fear conditioning in adult rats. Weaned rats were reared in three manipulable environments （enriched, social and isolated conditions）. After 8 weeks, fear conditioning （characterized by percentage of freezing） was observed and analyzed, and rats＇ weight, locomoter activity and foot-shock sensitivity were operated too. The results showed that： （1） Compared with control group, the level of conditioned fear was significantly increased in enriched group, but significantly decreased in isolated group; （2） Enriched and isolated conditions influenced rat＇s weight significantly; （3） Different rearing conditions have no effect on locomoter activity and foot-shock sensitivity. These results indicated that early enriched condition could improve the tone-evoked fear conditioning response, while isolated condition impaired the response.
文摘Based on remote sensing data, field investigation and trench measurement along the piedmont fault (Wujumengkou Dongfengcun) of Mt. Serteng, the vertical displacement rate has been found to be 0 88～1 83mm/a since the late period of late Pleistocene and 0 89mm/a since the middle period of Holocene. Using the progressive constraining method,five paleoearthquake events have been distinguished from two large trenches since Holocene. They occurred 9000±1300a B.P., 6500±500a B.P., 5770a B.P., 4200±300a B.P. and 3250±250a B.P., respectively. From the late period of late Pleistocene to the beginning of Holocene, some paleoearthquake events may have been missed due to a variety of reasons. All of the paleoearthquake events displayed clustering characteristics to a certain extent. The first cluster was occurred around 8900a B.P., the second cluster occurred between 5700～6500a B.P. and the last cluster was occurred in 3250～4200 a B.P. The interval between the first cluster and the second cluster was about 2400a while that between the second cluster and the third cluster was only 1570a. No earthquake events have cut the ground surface along this active fault segment since 3250a B.P. The lapse time is more than the recurrence interval between two paleoearthquake clusters. Therefore, there is a potential risk for a recurring earthquake along this active fault segment.
文摘The details of seismic monitoring network and seismological work in Thailand, including some information on felt earthquakes that occurred from 2000 to August 2001, are reported here.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41430861)
文摘Delimitation of an urban growth boundary(UGB)can effectively curb disorderly urban expansion,optimize urban development space and protect the ecological environment.Eco-environmental sensitivity was evaluated and areas prohibiting construction expansion were extracted by establishing an index system.Point of interest(POI)and microblog data were utilized to analyze the expansion of residential activity space.Urban space expansion potential was calculated using a comprehensive evaluation model,and an urban growth boundary for Jinan in 2020 was delimited combining the predicted urban expansion scale.The results showed that:(1)An evaluation of eco-environmental sensitivity can effectively protect ecological land and provide an ecological basis for urban expansion.Regions with high eco-environmental sensitivities in Jinan are located along the banks of the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River and in southeast mountainous areas,but eco-environmental sensitivities in the central,north and southeast areas are relatively low;(2)The model to evaluate urban residential activity expansion can quantify the spatial distribution of urban residents’activities.Regions with high potential for residential activity space expansion in Jinan are mainly concentrated in the middle of Jinan and most are part of existing built-up areas and surrounding areas;(3)The method that delimits urban growth boundaries based on the coordination of ecology and residential activity space is reasonable.Spatial expansion in Jinan mainly extends towards the east and west wings,and the boundary conforms to the spatial strategy guiding Jinan’s development and is consistent with the overall layout in related plans.Considering both ecological protection and the internal forces driving urban expansion,the method of urban growth boundary delimitation used in this study can provide a reference and practical help for studies and management of urban development in the new era.
基金supported by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program (Grant Nos.A2120110001 and B2120110011)111 Project (Grant No.B07009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11002013,90816024 and 10876100)
文摘We review recent research activities on structural reliability analysis,reliability-based design optimization(RBDO) and applications in complex engineering structural design.Several novel uncertainty propagation methods and reliability models,which are the basis of the reliability assessment,are given.In addition,recent developments on reliability evaluation and sensitivity analysis are highlighted as well as implementation strategies for RBDO.
文摘In the present study,we combined CaCO_(3)NPs and Ce6 to construct CaCO_(3)-Ce6 nanoparticles (NPs).CaCO_(3)-Ce6 NPs were characterized in terms of particle size,zeta potential,UV-Vis absorption spectrum,fluorescence spectrum,FTIR spectrum,and pH-responsive behavior.The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in vitro was measured in 4T1 cells.The results showed that CaCO_(3)-Ce6 NPs were uniform-sized NPs with excellent fluorescence properties and pH-responsive behavior.The ability of ROS generation by CaCO_(3)-Ce6 NPs was stronger compared with Ce6 in 4T1 cells because Ca;could enhance the ROS generation,which could contribute to a stronger anti-tumor effect.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB518904)
文摘Influenza A virus NS1 protein has developed two main IFN-antagonizing mechanisms by inhibiting retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signal transduction, or by suppressing cellular pre-mRNA processing through binding to cleavage and polyad-enylation specific factor 30 (CPSF30). However, the precise effects of NS1 on suppressing type I IFN induction have not been well characterized. Here we report that compared with PR/8/34 NS1, which is localized partially in the cytoplasm and has strong IFN-antagonizing ability via specifically inhibiting IFN-β promoter activity, H5N1 NS1 has strikingly different characteristics. It mainly accumulates in the nucleus of transfected cells and exerts rather weak IFN-counteracting ability through suppression of the overall gene expression. The M101I mutation of H5N1 NS1, namely H5-M101I, fully reversed its functions. H5-M101I gained the ability to specifically inhibit IFN-β promoter activity, translocate to the cytoplasm, and release CPSF30. The previously reported NES (nuclear export signal) (residues 138 147) was unable to lead H5N1 NS1 to translocate. This suggests that other residues may serve as a potent NES. Findings indicated that together with leucine-100, methionine-101 en- hanced the regional NES. In addition, methionine-101 was the key residue for the NS1-CPSF30 interaction. This study reveals the importance of methionine-101 in the influenza A virus life cycle and may provide valuable information for antiviral strategies.
