Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultura...Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultural output.China has made all-round achievements in its agriculture,forestry,livestock and fishery sectors,vastly improved agricultural production conditions,fostered new types of agricultural operators,increased opening-up,and delivered better living conditions for rural residents.China's agricultural development experience over the past seven decades can be summarized as follows:the Party's leadership over the work on agriculture,farmers and countryside,policy support and protection for agriculture,agri-technology innovation,and agricultural product market reform.In the new era,China's agriculture must follow a green and quality-oriented approach,and develop multifunctionality.China'should foster new-type agricultural operators and service entities,promote large-scale agriculture,encourage capital inputs in agriculture,integrate primary,secondary and tertiary agricultural industries,and bring about a new patter of agricultural opening-up.展开更多
Background Coronary artery disease （CAD） is a leading cause of death in elderly because aging is the important non-modifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis and also a predictor of poor outcomes. Underuse of guidel...Background Coronary artery disease （CAD） is a leading cause of death in elderly because aging is the important non-modifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis and also a predictor of poor outcomes. Underuse of guideline directed therapy may contribute to suboptimal risk factor control and worse outcomes in the elderly. We aimed to explore the management of CAD, risk factors control as well as goal attain- ment in elderly compared to nonelderly CAD patients. Methods The CORE-Thailand is an ongoing multicenter, prospective, observational registry of patients with high atherosclerotic risk in Thailand. The data of 4120 CAD patients enrolled in this cohort was analyzed comparing between the elderly （age ≥ 65 years） vs. nonelderly （age 〈 65 years）. Results There were 2172 elderly and 1948 nonelderly patients. The elderly CAD patients had higher prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease. The proportion of patients who received coronary revascularization was not different between the elderly and nonelderly CAD patients. Antiplatelets were prescribed less in the elderly while statin was prescribed in the similar proportion. Goal attainments of risk factor control of glycemic control, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and smoking cessation except the blood pressure goal were higher in the elderly CAD patients. Conclusions The CORE-Thailand registry showed the equity in the treatment of CAD between elderly and non-elderly. Elderly CAD patients had higher rate of goal attainment in risk factor control except blood pressure goal. The effects of goal attainment on cardiovascular outcomes will be demonstrated from ongoing cohort.展开更多
Lian-Sheng Ma, Editor-in-Chief of World Journal of Gastroenterology (WJG), warmly met Professor Hugh J Freeman from the University of British Columbia at Peninsula Hotel in Beijing on August 28, 2007. Professor Hugh J...Lian-Sheng Ma, Editor-in-Chief of World Journal of Gastroenterology (WJG), warmly met Professor Hugh J Freeman from the University of British Columbia at Peninsula Hotel in Beijing on August 28, 2007. Professor Hugh J Freeman gave much helpful advice toward the further development of WJG . He will serve as series editor for a new column called OBSERVER which will start in WJG in 2008.展开更多
This present paper deals with the main methematical achievements of Dai Xu,a famous mathematician of the Qing Dynasty:Dai Shi Series Numbers, Dai Shi lterative Method,Kai Ji Duo Wei Jiu-Cheng-Fang Method and the Relat...This present paper deals with the main methematical achievements of Dai Xu,a famous mathematician of the Qing Dynasty:Dai Shi Series Numbers, Dai Shi lterative Method,Kai Ji Duo Wei Jiu-Cheng-Fang Method and the Relationship between Exponents and Logarithms etc.,which have been ignored by former research workers.The paper also puts forward different understandings from the past research at the following points:the Artificial Logarithm, the Formula for Changing Base, the Binomial Theorem and so on.展开更多
Section five of James Joyce＇s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is designed, among other things, to dramatize a young poet＇s ascension to the rank of ＂priest of art,＂ Where Stephen had previously contemplate...Section five of James Joyce＇s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is designed, among other things, to dramatize a young poet＇s ascension to the rank of ＂priest of art,＂ Where Stephen had previously contemplated being a Catholic priest, he now decides to embrace the world girdling Catholicity of global culture and its full range of spiritual traditions. To show how Stephen becomes a priest of art, Joyce has Stephen face three challengers in the form of MacCann, Davin, and Cranly, who all upbraid Dedalus to abandon his apostasy and conform. These three all try to tempt Dedalus away from his devotion to his individuality and personal integrity, and are analogues to the temptations faced by the Buddha on the eve of his enlightenment under the Bo tree. The Buddha faced Kama, the God of Desire; Mara, the Lord of death; and Dharma, who represents Duty. Stephen faces the temptations of social activism （and its attendant ego inflation） in the form of MacCann, a self-destructive Irish Nationalism in the figure of Davin and finally his obligation to his parochial and demanding family as represented by Cranly＇s arguments. Cranly （Dharma） even enjoins Stephen explicitly to make his Easter duty. These are dangerous distractions which can all keep Stephen from his goal, which is the Nibbana of artistic achievement. When Stephen triumphs over these three tempters he has come through the fire of self-doubt and is ready for his larger fate as an artist.展开更多
Peking Opera is one of ancient opera arts in China, known as the ＂national essence＂ , which has a very high artistic achievement. Because of its unique and systematic aria, phonology, performance and modeling, Pekin...Peking Opera is one of ancient opera arts in China, known as the ＂national essence＂ , which has a very high artistic achievement. Because of its unique and systematic aria, phonology, performance and modeling, Peking Opera is favored by people, which is an art that vocal music artists mutually research and learn. The Peking Opera aria has already formed a set of professional theories, which has practical significance to guide the national vocal music. It not only can inherit the Peking Opera but also can carry forward the national vocal music. This paper illustrates the reference and application of Peking Opera aria in national vocal music singing according to examples, which provides the reference advice for the development of national vocal music.展开更多
To make a timely introduction of the latest technologies developed by CNPC, Tchnological Development Department of CNPC entrusted Petroleum Economic ＆ Technological Research Center of CNPC to appraise the oil company...To make a timely introduction of the latest technologies developed by CNPC, Tchnological Development Department of CNPC entrusted Petroleum Economic ＆ Technological Research Center of CNPC to appraise the oil company＇s major technological developments. Based on three rounds of voting by nearly 100 oil experts, ten major technological events in 2004 are finally selected from more than 100 technological projects of CNPC according to the measurement standards of innovation, technological maturity, function and scientific value.展开更多
The paper deals with non-traditional but highly needed issues： to formulate criteria of a scientific activity. It is really unbelievable that in the period of information and scientific society such criteria do not e...The paper deals with non-traditional but highly needed issues： to formulate criteria of a scientific activity. It is really unbelievable that in the period of information and scientific society such criteria do not exist and there are no fixed rules for assessment of scientific activities. However, in many fields of science, e.g., in reviews of scientific works or papers, reviewers are asked to assess whether or not the submitted work or text is scientific. Naturally, this decision is not objective even if done by leading scientific individuals. Scientists may possess rather different individual criteria, and especially in doctoral studies, but not only there, it is desirable to make the review more objective. A doctoral thesis should be accepted only in case it brings some scientific achievement. Keeping in mind how difficult it can be to formalize and evaluate science, the authors try to propose attributes of scientific activities and to formulate some basic recommendations how to assess scientific work. Of course, the paper does not intend to formulate any generally imperative rules, but rather to start a broader discussion of these topics.展开更多
In the late Ming Dynasty, the society was turbulent, and it was also the important turning stage in the history of the development of China＇s literature. Xu Wei was a painter with a spirit of the reform and innovatio...In the late Ming Dynasty, the society was turbulent, and it was also the important turning stage in the history of the development of China＇s literature. Xu Wei was a painter with a spirit of the reform and innovation in the late Ming Dynasty, and his painting style pioneered the precedent of the Chinese freehand bmshwork. In his creation of the paintings and the painting theories, he gave the innovative development to the theories of the traditional Chinese paintings and the freehand brushwork in this period in our country, and also promoted the further formation of the freehand flower and bird painting styles. Xu Wei＇s t^eehand flowers and birds combined the strengths of each school, and in the painting style, he was bold and unconstrained, and the pen and ink was coherent, and the form and the spirit were assistant and bleeding. The pen and ink all embodied the wonderful skill of the Chinese traditional paintings, and boldly integrated the wild cursive of the calligraphy in the paintings. This approach was the innovation of the techniques of the Chinese traditional paintings and the promotion of the thinking. The author of this article will begin the research on the relevant contents of the artistic achievements and the influences of the freehand flower and bird paintings by Xu Wei.展开更多
This paper looks back upon the achievements of the electric power industry during the Ninth Five-year Plan Period(1996-2000), and puts forward the developing targets and the working focuses for the Tenth Five-year Pla...This paper looks back upon the achievements of the electric power industry during the Ninth Five-year Plan Period(1996-2000), and puts forward the developing targets and the working focuses for the Tenth Five-year Plan Period(2001-2005).展开更多
Prior studies on classroom discourse research often concluded that a teacher＇s control of classroom interaction greatly affected his/her students＇ response to classroom talk. Students as academic novices are often e...Prior studies on classroom discourse research often concluded that a teacher＇s control of classroom interaction greatly affected his/her students＇ response to classroom talk. Students as academic novices are often expected to accept the teacher＇s deposited knowledge for academic achievement in traditional school contexts. Given little attention being paid to their withdrawal of teacher＇s deposited knowledge for use as meaning-negotiation, this study observes one academically-irrelevant curriculum context----one free and non-compulsory adult Chinese class offered by one local Taiwan Residents government to its foreign residents--to know whether the students＇ motivation for responding to classroom talk is still affected much by the teacher＇s dominance of classroom talk. It employs Courtney Cazden＇s I-R-E （teacher-initiation, student-response, and teacher-evaluation） classroom talk model and Paulo Freire＇s banking education metaphor as theoretical frameworks to discuss the classroom power relations reflected on the students＇ withdrawal of the teacher＇s deposited knowledge. The findings show that when the students＇ academic achievement is not the instructional objective, the teacher＇s thematic control, affects the students＇ motivation for responding more than his/her control of classroom interaction. It concludes that a classroom talk highlighting the students＇ interest activates their participation and allows the instructor to gain access to the students＇ knowledge, values, attitudes, and perceptions.展开更多
文摘Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949,China's agriculture has been transformed beyond recognition.Tremendous progress has been made in China's agricultural output.China has made all-round achievements in its agriculture,forestry,livestock and fishery sectors,vastly improved agricultural production conditions,fostered new types of agricultural operators,increased opening-up,and delivered better living conditions for rural residents.China's agricultural development experience over the past seven decades can be summarized as follows:the Party's leadership over the work on agriculture,farmers and countryside,policy support and protection for agriculture,agri-technology innovation,and agricultural product market reform.In the new era,China's agriculture must follow a green and quality-oriented approach,and develop multifunctionality.China'should foster new-type agricultural operators and service entities,promote large-scale agriculture,encourage capital inputs in agriculture,integrate primary,secondary and tertiary agricultural industries,and bring about a new patter of agricultural opening-up.
文摘Background Coronary artery disease （CAD） is a leading cause of death in elderly because aging is the important non-modifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis and also a predictor of poor outcomes. Underuse of guideline directed therapy may contribute to suboptimal risk factor control and worse outcomes in the elderly. We aimed to explore the management of CAD, risk factors control as well as goal attain- ment in elderly compared to nonelderly CAD patients. Methods The CORE-Thailand is an ongoing multicenter, prospective, observational registry of patients with high atherosclerotic risk in Thailand. The data of 4120 CAD patients enrolled in this cohort was analyzed comparing between the elderly （age ≥ 65 years） vs. nonelderly （age 〈 65 years）. Results There were 2172 elderly and 1948 nonelderly patients. The elderly CAD patients had higher prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease. The proportion of patients who received coronary revascularization was not different between the elderly and nonelderly CAD patients. Antiplatelets were prescribed less in the elderly while statin was prescribed in the similar proportion. Goal attainments of risk factor control of glycemic control, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and smoking cessation except the blood pressure goal were higher in the elderly CAD patients. Conclusions The CORE-Thailand registry showed the equity in the treatment of CAD between elderly and non-elderly. Elderly CAD patients had higher rate of goal attainment in risk factor control except blood pressure goal. The effects of goal attainment on cardiovascular outcomes will be demonstrated from ongoing cohort.
文摘Lian-Sheng Ma, Editor-in-Chief of World Journal of Gastroenterology (WJG), warmly met Professor Hugh J Freeman from the University of British Columbia at Peninsula Hotel in Beijing on August 28, 2007. Professor Hugh J Freeman gave much helpful advice toward the further development of WJG . He will serve as series editor for a new column called OBSERVER which will start in WJG in 2008.
文摘This present paper deals with the main methematical achievements of Dai Xu,a famous mathematician of the Qing Dynasty:Dai Shi Series Numbers, Dai Shi lterative Method,Kai Ji Duo Wei Jiu-Cheng-Fang Method and the Relationship between Exponents and Logarithms etc.,which have been ignored by former research workers.The paper also puts forward different understandings from the past research at the following points:the Artificial Logarithm, the Formula for Changing Base, the Binomial Theorem and so on.
文摘Section five of James Joyce＇s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is designed, among other things, to dramatize a young poet＇s ascension to the rank of ＂priest of art,＂ Where Stephen had previously contemplated being a Catholic priest, he now decides to embrace the world girdling Catholicity of global culture and its full range of spiritual traditions. To show how Stephen becomes a priest of art, Joyce has Stephen face three challengers in the form of MacCann, Davin, and Cranly, who all upbraid Dedalus to abandon his apostasy and conform. These three all try to tempt Dedalus away from his devotion to his individuality and personal integrity, and are analogues to the temptations faced by the Buddha on the eve of his enlightenment under the Bo tree. The Buddha faced Kama, the God of Desire; Mara, the Lord of death; and Dharma, who represents Duty. Stephen faces the temptations of social activism （and its attendant ego inflation） in the form of MacCann, a self-destructive Irish Nationalism in the figure of Davin and finally his obligation to his parochial and demanding family as represented by Cranly＇s arguments. Cranly （Dharma） even enjoins Stephen explicitly to make his Easter duty. These are dangerous distractions which can all keep Stephen from his goal, which is the Nibbana of artistic achievement. When Stephen triumphs over these three tempters he has come through the fire of self-doubt and is ready for his larger fate as an artist.
文摘Peking Opera is one of ancient opera arts in China, known as the ＂national essence＂ , which has a very high artistic achievement. Because of its unique and systematic aria, phonology, performance and modeling, Peking Opera is favored by people, which is an art that vocal music artists mutually research and learn. The Peking Opera aria has already formed a set of professional theories, which has practical significance to guide the national vocal music. It not only can inherit the Peking Opera but also can carry forward the national vocal music. This paper illustrates the reference and application of Peking Opera aria in national vocal music singing according to examples, which provides the reference advice for the development of national vocal music.
文摘To make a timely introduction of the latest technologies developed by CNPC, Tchnological Development Department of CNPC entrusted Petroleum Economic ＆ Technological Research Center of CNPC to appraise the oil company＇s major technological developments. Based on three rounds of voting by nearly 100 oil experts, ten major technological events in 2004 are finally selected from more than 100 technological projects of CNPC according to the measurement standards of innovation, technological maturity, function and scientific value.
文摘The paper deals with non-traditional but highly needed issues： to formulate criteria of a scientific activity. It is really unbelievable that in the period of information and scientific society such criteria do not exist and there are no fixed rules for assessment of scientific activities. However, in many fields of science, e.g., in reviews of scientific works or papers, reviewers are asked to assess whether or not the submitted work or text is scientific. Naturally, this decision is not objective even if done by leading scientific individuals. Scientists may possess rather different individual criteria, and especially in doctoral studies, but not only there, it is desirable to make the review more objective. A doctoral thesis should be accepted only in case it brings some scientific achievement. Keeping in mind how difficult it can be to formalize and evaluate science, the authors try to propose attributes of scientific activities and to formulate some basic recommendations how to assess scientific work. Of course, the paper does not intend to formulate any generally imperative rules, but rather to start a broader discussion of these topics.
文摘In the late Ming Dynasty, the society was turbulent, and it was also the important turning stage in the history of the development of China＇s literature. Xu Wei was a painter with a spirit of the reform and innovation in the late Ming Dynasty, and his painting style pioneered the precedent of the Chinese freehand bmshwork. In his creation of the paintings and the painting theories, he gave the innovative development to the theories of the traditional Chinese paintings and the freehand brushwork in this period in our country, and also promoted the further formation of the freehand flower and bird painting styles. Xu Wei＇s t^eehand flowers and birds combined the strengths of each school, and in the painting style, he was bold and unconstrained, and the pen and ink was coherent, and the form and the spirit were assistant and bleeding. The pen and ink all embodied the wonderful skill of the Chinese traditional paintings, and boldly integrated the wild cursive of the calligraphy in the paintings. This approach was the innovation of the techniques of the Chinese traditional paintings and the promotion of the thinking. The author of this article will begin the research on the relevant contents of the artistic achievements and the influences of the freehand flower and bird paintings by Xu Wei.
文摘This paper looks back upon the achievements of the electric power industry during the Ninth Five-year Plan Period(1996-2000), and puts forward the developing targets and the working focuses for the Tenth Five-year Plan Period(2001-2005).
文摘Prior studies on classroom discourse research often concluded that a teacher＇s control of classroom interaction greatly affected his/her students＇ response to classroom talk. Students as academic novices are often expected to accept the teacher＇s deposited knowledge for academic achievement in traditional school contexts. Given little attention being paid to their withdrawal of teacher＇s deposited knowledge for use as meaning-negotiation, this study observes one academically-irrelevant curriculum context----one free and non-compulsory adult Chinese class offered by one local Taiwan Residents government to its foreign residents--to know whether the students＇ motivation for responding to classroom talk is still affected much by the teacher＇s dominance of classroom talk. It employs Courtney Cazden＇s I-R-E （teacher-initiation, student-response, and teacher-evaluation） classroom talk model and Paulo Freire＇s banking education metaphor as theoretical frameworks to discuss the classroom power relations reflected on the students＇ withdrawal of the teacher＇s deposited knowledge. The findings show that when the students＇ academic achievement is not the instructional objective, the teacher＇s thematic control, affects the students＇ motivation for responding more than his/her control of classroom interaction. It concludes that a classroom talk highlighting the students＇ interest activates their participation and allows the instructor to gain access to the students＇ knowledge, values, attitudes, and perceptions.
