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中国“技术”概念的历史演进与当代启示 被引量:1
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作者 雷环捷 《自然辩证法通讯》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第10期111-117,共7页
中国“技术”概念的演进可按历史时期略分为传统、近代和当下三个阶段。传统的“技术”概念是非对应的和多元的,具有技能与技艺、方技与术数两种理解方式,并构建起“技”与“道”的内在关系。近代的“技术”概念是外来的和产业的,受日... 中国“技术”概念的演进可按历史时期略分为传统、近代和当下三个阶段。传统的“技术”概念是非对应的和多元的,具有技能与技艺、方技与术数两种理解方式,并构建起“技”与“道”的内在关系。近代的“技术”概念是外来的和产业的,受日式译词影响而旧词添新义,蕴含着从古典到现代、从地方到普遍、从理念到实体的意义转折。当下的“技术”概念是科学化的和泛在的,科学技术一体化的态势和“科技”概念的流行皆为证明。分析“技术”概念在中国的演进历程,既可梳理出工匠技术、产业技术与科学化技术的线索,又愈来愈指向广义技术的见解,还有助于思考中国近现代技术(科技)思想史的分期问题,促进中国技术哲学的新时代发展。 展开更多
关键词 “技术”概念 “科技”概念 技术思想史 技术哲学 科学化
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First quarter century of laparoscopic liver resection 被引量:17
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作者 Zenichi Morise Go Wakabayashi 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2017年第20期3581-3588,共8页
The beginnings of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)were at the start of the 1990s,with the initial reports being published in 1991 and 1992.These were followed by reports of left lateral sectionectomy in 1996.In the y... The beginnings of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)were at the start of the 1990s,with the initial reports being published in 1991 and 1992.These were followed by reports of left lateral sectionectomy in 1996.In the years following,the procedures of LLR were expanded to hemi-hepatectomy,sectionectomy,segmentectomy and partial resection of posterosuperior segments,as well as the parenchymal preserving limited anatomical resection and modified anatomical(extended and/or combining limited)resection procedures.This expanded range of LLR procedures,mimicking the expansion of open liver resection in the past,was related to advances in both technology(instrumentation)and technical skill with conceptual changes.During this period of remarkable development,two international consensus conferences were held(2008 in Louisville,KY,United States,and 2014 in Morioka,Japan),providing up-to-date summarizations of the status and perspective of LLR.The advantages of LLR have become clear,and include reduced intraoperative bleeding,shorter hospital stay,and-especially for cirrhotic patients-lower incidence of complications(e.g.,postoperative ascites and liver failure).In this paper,we review and discuss the developments of LLR in operative procedures(extent and style of liver resections)during the first quarter century since its inception,from the aspect of relationships with technological/technical developments with conceptual changes. 展开更多
关键词 HEPATECTOMY Laparoscopic surgery Liver cancer HISTORY Technology Technique Concept Approach POSTURE Simulation
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Contextualizing physical literacy in the school environment: The challenges 被引量:3
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作者 Darla M.Castelli Jeanne M.Barcelona Lynne Bryant 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE 2015年第2期156-163,共8页
The intent of this paper is to conceptualize physical literacy in the school environment within the United States educational system. Evolution of physical literacy from both a general education and disciplinary focus... The intent of this paper is to conceptualize physical literacy in the school environment within the United States educational system. Evolution of physical literacy from both a general education and disciplinary focus is overviewed. The challenges of transitioning from a physically educated to a physically literate person as the primary learning outcome of physical education may inhibit progress. Five prioritized recom- mendations are made to assist teachers in overcoming such barriers: (a) whole of school approach, (b) effective, differentiated pedagogy, (c) integration of technology for individualized tracking of progress, (d) supportive school climate, and (e) alignment of local efforts with national initiatives. 展开更多
关键词 Differentiated instruction Physical activity Physical literacy Whole of school approach
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Comparing dynamical systems concepts and techniques for biomechanical analysis 被引量:3
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作者 Richard E.A.van Emmerik Scott W.Ducharme +1 位作者 Avelino C.Amado Joseph Hamill 《Journal of Sport and Health Science》 SCIE 2016年第1期3-13,共11页
Traditional biomechanical analyses of human movement are generally derived from linear mathematics.While these methods can be useful in many situations,they do not describe behaviors in human systems that are predomin... Traditional biomechanical analyses of human movement are generally derived from linear mathematics.While these methods can be useful in many situations,they do not describe behaviors in human systems that are predominately nonlinear.For this reason,nonlinear analysis methods based on a dynamical systems approach have become more prevalent in recent literature.These analysis techniques have provided new insights into how systems(1) maintain pattern stability,(2) transition into new states,and(3) are governed by short-and long-term(fractal) correlational processes at different spatio-temporal scales.These different aspects of system dynamics are typically investigated using concepts related to variability,stability,complexity,and adaptability.The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast these different concepts and demonstrate that,although related,these terms represent fundamentally different aspects of system dynamics.In particular,we argue that variability should not uniformly be equated with stability or complexity of movement.In addition,current dynamic stability measures based on nonlinear analysis methods(such as the finite maximal Lyapunov exponent) can reveal local instabilities in movement dynamics,but the degree to which these local instabilities relate to global postural and gait stability and the ability to resist external perturbations remains to be explored.Finally,systematic studies are needed to relate observed reductions in complexity with aging and disease to the adaptive capabilities of the movement system and how complexity changes as a function of different task constraints. 展开更多
关键词 Adaptability Complexity Dynamical systems Nonlinear dynamics Stability Variability
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Remote-Controlled Ambidextrous Robot Hand Concept
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作者 Emre Akyurek Alexandre Dilly Fabrice Jourdan Zhu Liu Souraneel Chattoraj Itziar Berruezo Juandeaburre Michel Heinrich Leonid Paramonov Peter Turner Stelarc Tatiana Kalganova 《Computer Technology and Application》 2013年第11期569-574,共6页
In the development of robotic limbs, the side of members is of importance to define the shape of artificial limbs and the range of movements. It is mainly significant tbr biomedical applications concerning patients su... In the development of robotic limbs, the side of members is of importance to define the shape of artificial limbs and the range of movements. It is mainly significant tbr biomedical applications concerning patients suffering arms or legs injuries, fn this paper, the concept of an ambidextrous design lbr robot hands is introduced. The fingers can curl in one xvay or another, to imitate either a right hand or a left hand. The advantages and inconveniences of different models have been investigated to optimise the range and the maximum force applied by fingers. Besides, a remote control interthce is integrated to the system, allowing both to send comrnands through internet and to display a video streaming of the ambidextrous hand as feedback. Therefore, a robotic prosthesis could be used for the first time in telerehabilitation. The main application areas targeted are physiotherapy alter strokes or management of phantom pains/br amputees by/earning to control the ambidextrous hand. A client application is also accessible on Facehook social network, making the robotic limb easily reachable for the patients. Additionally the ambidextrous hand can be used tbr robotics research as well as artistic performances. 展开更多
关键词 Robot hand pneumatic muscles remote platform video streaming TELEREHABILITATION hand recognition
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A Knowledge Management Framework of the Information Technology-Based Approach for Improving Occupational Safety Training of Young Workers
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作者 Irena Hejduk Waldemar Karwowski 《Chinese Business Review》 2016年第1期42-47,共6页
This paper aims to develop a novel knowledge management framework for improving the system of pro-safety attitudes among young worker population in Poland. This is done through an efficient use of existing sources of ... This paper aims to develop a novel knowledge management framework for improving the system of pro-safety attitudes among young worker population in Poland. This is done through an efficient use of existing sources of explicit and tacit knowledge in the field of vocational occupational safety and health (OSH) training. This project identifies three specific research steps for the development of the knowledge management framework of the information technology-based approach for improving occupational safety training of young workers, including: (1) the development of the conceptual model of the flow of explicit knowledge of OSH; (2) evaluation of the effectiveness of formal and explicit knowledge sources for OSH and training methods using these sources in the context of attitudes towards health and safety at work; and (3) verification of the proposed model of vocational training with the use of combined explicit and hidden knowledge. The proposed framework includes consideration of the effectiveness of the formal and informal sources of safety knowledge. A mapping from the formal sources of explicit knowledge about the occupational safety to expected attitudes (hidden knowledge) towards OSH outcomes, including emotional, cognitive, and behavioral aspects has been used. The above framework should help to improve the system of vocational training for young workers in Poland. 展开更多
关键词 knowledge management occupational safety education and training young workers
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Ambivalent Portrayals of Female Cyborgs in Oshii Mamoru's Ghost in the Shell and Innocence
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作者 Yoshie Endo 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2012年第5期507-519,共13页
What we witness is that Oshii's narrative and patriarchal technology creates the female cyborgs, who simply mirror male heterosexual desire and who are denied agency in their role. Oshii does not imagine any possibil... What we witness is that Oshii's narrative and patriarchal technology creates the female cyborgs, who simply mirror male heterosexual desire and who are denied agency in their role. Oshii does not imagine any possibility that might destabilize his newly-imagined order, such as a cyborg that might upset heterosexuality. The absence of any female agency or desire in his cyber fantasy questions its subversive potential. Oshii seems to be immune to feminist theories on posthuman existence that conceptualizes subjectivity outside the gender polarities. Oshii describes a society where high technology only reinforces gender polarities. The representations of women's relationship to technology in Oshii's film, therefore, are quite problematic; the transgression of boundaries does not work out to reduce or annihilate domination by patriarchal needs and desires. Despite the fact that Oshii denies his female cyborgs a subject position other than that based exclusively in patriarchal fear and desire, his representations mark an ambivalence inherent in cyborg resistance, and feminist politics need to pay attention to such ambivalence. 展开更多
关键词 posthuman CYBORG doll PSYCHOANALYSIS
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Technical Analyses of the Interference Effect of “Advanced Radar”
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作者 张锡祥 张忠捷 《Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation》 CAS 2010年第1期71-73,共3页
The conception of "advanced radar" is introduced and lint forward, while it is proved that the weakpoints of interference can still be employed. Meanwhile, the paper expounds the principle how Over-The-Horizon Radar... The conception of "advanced radar" is introduced and lint forward, while it is proved that the weakpoints of interference can still be employed. Meanwhile, the paper expounds the principle how Over-The-Horizon Radar(OTHR) works, and derives the OTHR interference equation. By listing the OTHR examples, it analyzes and calculates the equivalent power of the OTHR and the sensitivity of the receiver to build up a block diagram how the interferencer is structured. Hence, the effective area is achieved, and OTHR can be intereferenced effectively with not so high equivalent power. 展开更多
关键词 OTHR INTERFERENCE advanced radar
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Vehicle-to-Grid Technology: State-of-the-Art and Future Scenarios
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作者 Alfonso Damiano Gianluca Gatto lgnazio Marongiu Mario Porru Alessandro Serpi 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2014年第1期152-165,共14页
An overview of V2G (vehicle-to-grid) technology is presented in this paper, it aims to highlight the main features, opportunities and requirements of V2G. Thus, after briefly resuming the most popular charging strat... An overview of V2G (vehicle-to-grid) technology is presented in this paper, it aims to highlight the main features, opportunities and requirements of V2G. Thus, after briefly resuming the most popular charging strategies lbr PEVs (plug-in electric vehicles), the V2G concept is introduced, especially highlighting its potentiality as a revenue opportunity |br PEV owners: this is mainly due to the V2G ability to provide ancillary services, such as load leveling, regulation and reserve. Such solutions have been thoroughly investigated in the literature from both the economic and technical points of view and are here reported. In addition, V2G requirements such as mobility needs, charging stations availability and appropriate PEV aggregative architectures are properly taken into account. Finally, future developments and scenarios have also been reported. 展开更多
关键词 V2G (vehicle-to-grid) EV (electric vehicles) BEV (batter)' electric vehicle) mobility regulation.
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Multi-disciplinary Conceptual Design Knowledge of Multi-stage Hybrid Rocket Using Data Mining Technique
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作者 Masahiro Kanazaki Kazuhisa Chiba +2 位作者 Koki Kitagawa Toru Shimada Masashi Nakamiya 《Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation》 2015年第1期1-9,共9页
This paper deals with the application of data mining techniques to the conceptual design knowledge for a LV (launch vehicle) with a HRE (hybrid rocket engine). This LV is a concept of the space transportation, whi... This paper deals with the application of data mining techniques to the conceptual design knowledge for a LV (launch vehicle) with a HRE (hybrid rocket engine). This LV is a concept of the space transportation, which can deliver micro-satellite to the SSO (sun-synchronous orbit). To design the higher performance LV with HRE, the optimum size of each component, such as an oxidizer tank containing liquid oxidizer, a combustion chamber containing solid fuel, a pressurizing tank and a nozzle, should be acquired. The Kriging based ANOVA (analysis of variance) and SOM (self-organizing map) are employed as data mining techniques for knowledge discovery. In this study, the paraffin (FT-0070) is used as a propellant of HRE. Then, the relationship among LV performances and design variables are investigated through the analysis and the visualization. To calculate the engine performance, the regression rate is computed based on an empirical expression. The design knowledge is extracted for the design knowledge of the multi-stage LV with HRE by analysis using ANOVA and SOM. As a result, the useful design knowledge on the present design problem is obtained to design HRE for space transportation. 展开更多
关键词 Hybrid rocket data mining techniques multidisciplinary design
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