日本“拉面”杂说

日本式的"拉面",是近代日本的产物,源于中国的汤面而最后演变成了具有浓郁日本风味的面类食物,是一种结合了中国和日本诸多食文化元素后形成的独特的食品,是日本将外来食物日本化的一个典型。从"拉面"形成的历史以及它的现状可以看出日本人对食物的嗜好倾向和近代日本人对外来文化的态度。

“拉面经济”——青海省化隆县解决“三农”问题的一种有效模式

“三农”问题是当前全部工作的重中之重,增加农民收入是解决“三农”问题的核心。本文在调查研究的基础 上,对化隆县“拉面经济”模式的基本特征、理论渊源、实践基础及其在解决“三农”问题中的效应进行了归纳和分析。

自媒体的传播伦理风险与原则建构——以“拉面哥被过度消费”事件为分析对象

本文基于义务论、绝对律令和中庸之道的视角对短视频创作者的行为进行分析,提出短视频创作者在拍摄普通人或非自愿型公众人物时应当遵循知情同意、不侵犯隐私和避免伤害的伦理原则。

“拉面经济”发展面临的问题及对策——以青海省海东地区为例

海东地区"拉面经济"依托民族特色饮食文化资源,为海东地区农村富余劳动力转移和农民脱贫致富开辟了一条有效的通道。但近年来海东地区"拉面经济"面临资金和管理体系两大瓶颈,本文提出了以构建信用共同体和推广信用共同体贷款模式破解两大瓶颈的思路。

Green synthesis of MIL⁃101/Au composite particles and their sensitivity to Raman detection of thiram

Metal⁃organic framework(MOF)MIL⁃101 and surface plasmon polariton(SPP)supported gold nanoparti⁃cles(Au NPs)hybrid systems were developed as a highly sensitive and reproducible surface⁃enhanced Raman scat⁃tering(SERS)detection platform,in which a green electrostatic self⁃assembly technology was adopted to construct the substrate.In an aqueous solution,the electronegativity of the particles can be used to prepare the composite sub⁃strate without any surface modifier.Due to the enrichment capacity of MIL⁃101 and the electromagnetic enhance⁃ment from Au NPs,the well⁃designed MIL⁃101/Au composites possessed ultrahigh sensitivity with the detection limit of Rhodamine 6G(R6G)as low as 10^(-10) mol·L^(-1).Meanwhile,the substrate exhibits high stability,excellent reproduc⁃ibility,and recyclability.Additionally,the novel substrate can be explored for direct capture,and sensitively detect pesticide residues such as thiram.

拉面中的“问题”

今天是星期天，聪明猪咕噜噜可没有象以往那样睡懒觉，因为妈妈答应带他去郊游。这可乐坏了咕噜噜，高兴得竟在地上打起滚来，这也难怪，哪个小朋友不喜欢出去玩耍呢?尤其是跟着自己心爱的妈妈。

Microstructure,interfacial reaction behavior,and mechanical properties of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)reinforced Al6061 composites

The interfacial reaction behavior of Al and Ti_(3)AlC_(2)at different pouring temperatures and its effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated.The results show that the addition of3.0 wt.%Ti_(3)AlC_(2)refines the average grain size ofα(Al)in the composite by 50.1%compared to Al6061 alloy.Morphological analyses indicate that an in-situ Al_(3Ti)transition layer of-180 nm in thickness is generated around the edge of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)at 720℃,forming a well-bonded Al-Al_(3Ti)interface.At this processing temperature,the ultimate tensile strength of A16061-3.0 wt.%Ti_(3)AlC_(2)composite is 199.2 MPa,an improvement of 41.5%over the Al6061 matrix.Mechanism analyses further elucidate that 720℃is favourable for forming the nano-sized transition layer at the Ti_(3)AlC_(2)edges.And,the thermal mismatch strengthening plays a dominant role in this state,with a strengthening contribution of about 74.8%.

化隆县“拉面经济”含金量调查

2008年7月30日,《青海日报》以"一碗面撑起一个县"为题用整整一个版面对化隆县发展"拉面经济"进行了宣传报道。不仅如此,包括《北京晚报》在内的多家外地媒体也对"拉面经济"进行了大量的正面宣传,如此大规模的媒体宣传一方面扩大了"拉面经济"的影响力和认知度,另一方面也对推动化隆县"拉面经济"的品牌效应起到了积极作用。但是,长期积极的宣传也造成人们对"拉面经济"产生效益的心理预期不断增强而忽视了其负面效应。因此,我们目前亟需"拉面经济"热背后的理性回归。

Effect of brazing temperature on microstructure and tensile strength ofγ-TiAl joint vacuum brazed with micro-nano Ti−Cu−Ni−Nb−Al−Hf filler

A novel micro-nano Ti−10Cu−10Ni−8Al−8Nb−4Zr−1.5Hf filler was used to vacuum braze Ti−47Al−2Nb−2Cr−0.15B alloy at 1160−1220℃ for 30 min.The interfacial microstructure and formation mechanism of TiAl joints and the relationships among brazing temperature,interfacial microstructure and joint strength were emphatically investigated.Results show that the TiAl joints brazed at 1160 and 1180℃ possess three interfacial layers and mainly consist of α_(2)-Ti_(3)Al,τ_(3)-Al_(3)NiTi_(2) and Ti_(2)Ni,but the brazing seams are no longer layered and Ti_(2)Ni is completely replaced by the uniformly distributed τ_(3)-Al_(3)NiTi_(2) at 1200 and 1220℃ due to the destruction of α_(2)-Ti_(3)Al barrier layer.This transformation at 1200℃ obviously improves the tensile strength of the joint and obtains a maximum of 343 MPa.Notably,the outward diffusion of Al atoms from the dissolution of TiAl substrate dominates the microstructure evolution and tensile strength of the TiAl joint at different brazing temperatures.

自媒体时代草根走红现象探究——以“山东拉面哥”为例

自媒体时代是指普通大众或群体通过微博、微信、贴吧等途径进行信息传播的媒介时代。本文以"拉面哥"为例,简要分析自媒体时代草根平民如何被动走红网络,对舆论传播态势、自媒体蜂拥围堵行为等内容进行探究,在此基础上对该事件所引发的传播现象进行反思和总结,以期寻找自媒体时代理性传播的呼声。

“拉面师傅”周道杰的致富之路

从办厂至今不过短短几年时间,几年来,周道杰却靠手上的拉面起步,发家,不仅拥有了30万元的加工厂资产,还新修了一幢近20万元的楼房,准备投入做厂房扩大规模,拥有好几间门面,在南充市、蓬安县有了两家手工营养面专销点……

从“拉面哥”现象看社交媒体“网红制造”异化

“拉面哥”爆红,引发新一轮网络直播者们的群体性发烧,前者成为“被动网红”和道具,后者则是“主动网红”,各地大批自媒体直播人花式蹭热度,演变成为一场“反智”狂欢和媒介技术进步时代的商业滥觞,却也实证了默顿的媒介技术进步的社会动力学功能悖论。

Interfacial morphology evolution in directionally solidified Al-1.5%Cu alloy

The solid-liquid interracial morphology evolution was investigated in directional solidification （DS） of Al-1.5%Cu alloy （mass fraction）. The results show that the solidified microstructural evolution is gradual other than sharp, and the microstructure patterns are interesting and diversiform at the pulling rate ranging from 30 μm/s to 1500 μm/s. Indeed, dendrite to cell transition follows this sequence： dendrites→→banded cellular dendrites→elongated cells and part of dendrites→main elongated cells and little dendrites. Moreover, the present microstructure is not normal microstructure as we saw before. Further, according to the experimental phenomenon, the dendrite to cell transition was studied theoretically. Dendrite tip shape is an important parameter to characterize the dendrite to cell transition. As the dendrite to cell transition is far from equilibrium solidification, non-equilibrium solidification is taken into consideration in calculation. Finally, it is speculated that the dendrite to cell transition would occur at the minimum tip radius.

Correlation between Milling Flour Quality of Xinjiang Spring Wheat and Processing Quality of Xinjiang Hand-stretched Noodle

In the research,36 spring wheat cultivars from Xinjiang were used to investigate flour yield,ash content,color,granularity,flour quality,paste quality and gelatinization property and to evaluate processing quality and characters of stretched noodle,in order to explore relationship of milling flour quality with quality property of Xinjiang spring wheat and with processing quality of Xinjiang hand-stretched noodle,which provides theoretical references for improvement of Xinjiang spring wheat cultivars,breeding of specific cultivars（for Xinjiang stretched noodles）,and advancement of stretched noodles.The results indicated that flour color is dominant among flour quality properties of Xinjiang spring wheat,which is of significant correlation with processing quality of stretched noodles.Therefore,in quality improvement of Xinjiang stretched noodles,flour yield of Xinjiang wheat should be enhanced and ash content and damaged starch should be reduced in order to improve quality of flour and stretched noodles from Xinjiang spring wheat.The indices of milling flours for Xinjiang stretched noodles are as follows：flour yield ≥60.77%,ash content ≤ 0.45%,damaged starch≤3.77%,granularity ≤108.14%,brightness（L^＊）≥ 90.86,redness（a^＊）≥-0.82,and yellowness（b^＊） ≤9.00.

INTERFACE DAMAGE ANALYSIS OF FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES WITH DUCTILE MATRIX

A cohesive zone model is employed to simulate the fiber/matrix interface damage of composites with ductile matrix. The study is carried out to investigate the dependence of the interface damage and the composite tensile strength on the micro parameters of the composite. These parameters contain fiber packing pattern, fiber volume fraction, and the modulus ratio of the fiber to the matrix. The investigation reveals that though the high fiber vo lume fraction, the high fiber′s modulus and the square fiber packing can supply strong reinforcement to the composite, the interface damage is susceptible in these cases. The tensile strength of the composite is dominated by the interface strength when the interface debonding occurs.

Synthesis of Cu2O/Ag Composite with Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation Activity for in situ SERS Analysis

A multifunctional Cu2O/Ag micro-nanocomposite, which has the characteristics of high cat- alytic activities under the visible light and high surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） activity, was fabricated via a facile method and employed for the in situ SERS monitoring of the photocatalytic degradation reaction of crystal violet. Through the variation of the AgNO3 concentration, Ag content on the Cu2O template can be controllably tuned, which has great influence on the SERS effect. The results indicate that Ag nanopartieles form on the Cu2O nanoframes to obtain the Cu2O/Ag nanoeomposite, which can act as an excellent bifunetional platform for in situ monitoring of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutions by SERS.

Triangular Au-Ag framework nanostructures prepared by multi-stage replacement and their spectral properties

Triangular Au-Ag framework nanostructures （TFN） were synthesized via a multi-step galvanic replacement reaction （MGRR） of single-crystalline triangular silver nanoplates in a chlorauric acid （HAuCl4） solution at room temperature. The morphological, compositional, and crystal structural changes involved with reaction steps were analyzed by using transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry （EDX）, and X-ray diffraction. TEM combined with EDX and selected area electron diffraction confirmed the replacement of Ag with Au. The in-plane dipolar surface plasmon resonance （SPR） absorption band of the Ag nanoplates locating initially at around 700 nm gradually redshifted to 1 100 nm via a multi-stage replacement manner after 7 stages. The adding amount of HAuCl4 per stage influenced the average redshift value per stage, thus enabled a fine tuning of the in-plane dipolar band. A proposed formation mechanism of the original Ag nanoplates developing pores while growing Au nanoparticles covering this underlying structure at more reaction steps was confirmed by exploiting surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS）.

Synthesis and optical properties research of gold nanoparticles with different morphologies

This paper presents an approach to synthesis of gold nanoparticles with different morphologies and investigation of the relationship between morphologies and their optical properties.Spherical gold nanoparticles with different sizes are synthesized via reduction method.Using seed-mediated solution growth method,gold nanoparticles with shuttle,star and stick shapes can be obtained.The sizes and morphologies of the gold nanoparticles are characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）.The characterization results illustrate the growth process of the gold nanoparticles with different morphologies.Absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy measurements are performed to demonstrate the relationship between the morphologies and optical properties.The results of Raman characterization show that the gold nanoparticles with different morphologies can be used to probe molecules with different concentrations.

Adsorption Behaviors of 4-Mercaptobenzoic Acid on Silver and Gold Films

The adsorption behaviors of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid on silver and gold nanoparticles were studied by surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） and density functional theory. The silver and gold films by electrodeposition have the same excellent characteristics as SERS- active substrates. At the same, the SERS spectra indicate that 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules are adsorbed on the surfaces of gold nanoparticles through the S atom, and that the carboxyl group is far away from surface of gold nanoparticles, and that there is a certain angle between the plane of benzene ring and gold film. However, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules are adsorbed on the surfaces of silver nanoparticles through the carboxyl group, and the S atom is far away from surface of silver nanoparticles, and there is also a certain angle between the plane of benzene ring and the surface of silver nanoparticles. Here it is demonstrated the calculated Raman frequencies are in good agreement with experimental values, and the calculated Raman frequencies are also helpful to infer the adsorption behaviors of 4- mereaptobenzoic acid molecules.