We evaluated how historical storm events have shaped the current forest landscape in three Pyrenean subalpine forests(NE Spain).For this purpose we related forest damage estimations obtained from multi-temporal aerial...We evaluated how historical storm events have shaped the current forest landscape in three Pyrenean subalpine forests(NE Spain).For this purpose we related forest damage estimations obtained from multi-temporal aerial photographic comparisons to the current forest typology generated from airborne Li DAR data, and we examined the role of past natural disturbance on the current spatial distribution of forest structural types.We found six forest structural types in the landscape: early regeneration(T1 and T2), young even-aged stands(T3), uneven-aged stands(T4) and adult stands(T5and T6).All of the types were related to the timing and severity of past storms, with early-regeneration structures being found in areas markedly affected in recent times, and adult stands predominating in those areas that had suffered lowest damage levels within the study period.In general, landscapes where high or medium levels of damage were recurrent also presented higher levels of spatial heterogeneity,whereas the opposite pattern was found in the less markedly affected landscape, characterized by thepresence of large regular patches.Our results show the critical role that storm regimes in terms of timing and severity of past storms can play in shaping current forest structure and future dynamics in subalpine forests.The knowledge gained could be used to help define alternative forest management strategies oriented toward the enhancement of landscape heterogeneity as a measure to face future environmental uncertainty.展开更多
The paper first introduces and analyzes the merits and demerits of some traditional methods of evaluating the grade of clothing fit. Then a computer-aided evaluating method is put forward. In this process two groups a...The paper first introduces and analyzes the merits and demerits of some traditional methods of evaluating the grade of clothing fit. Then a computer-aided evaluating method is put forward. In this process two groups are needed. The control group is made up of people who wear maillot while the experimental group consists of those who wear target clothes to be evaluated. People in these two groups are taken photos respectively from front, back and lateral sides. The photos are input computer and receive a series of image processing using Open CV which provides the open source library function including image preprocessing, edge detection and image segmentation, etc. Finally, taking the clothing ease into account, the processed data is used for region matching and evaluating the grade of clothing fit.展开更多
What hath the selfies wrought？ Stretch one arm out for a high angle—look up,smile,bring out your eyes and bring in your chin—click!As the smartphone has become a necessity to many people,it has become a commonscene...What hath the selfies wrought？ Stretch one arm out for a high angle—look up,smile,bring out your eyes and bring in your chin—click!As the smartphone has become a necessity to many people,it has become a commonscene to see people stretching out their phones to take pictures of themselves, and it can almost happen anywhere, anytime. The social network is thus full of people sharing their self- ies--tailored to show off their most attractive assets.展开更多
基金Financial support for this study was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the project RESILFOR(AGL2012-40039-C02-01)LC and JRGO were both supported by Ramón y Cajal contracts(RYC-2009-04985 and RYC-2011-08983)
文摘We evaluated how historical storm events have shaped the current forest landscape in three Pyrenean subalpine forests(NE Spain).For this purpose we related forest damage estimations obtained from multi-temporal aerial photographic comparisons to the current forest typology generated from airborne Li DAR data, and we examined the role of past natural disturbance on the current spatial distribution of forest structural types.We found six forest structural types in the landscape: early regeneration(T1 and T2), young even-aged stands(T3), uneven-aged stands(T4) and adult stands(T5and T6).All of the types were related to the timing and severity of past storms, with early-regeneration structures being found in areas markedly affected in recent times, and adult stands predominating in those areas that had suffered lowest damage levels within the study period.In general, landscapes where high or medium levels of damage were recurrent also presented higher levels of spatial heterogeneity,whereas the opposite pattern was found in the less markedly affected landscape, characterized by thepresence of large regular patches.Our results show the critical role that storm regimes in terms of timing and severity of past storms can play in shaping current forest structure and future dynamics in subalpine forests.The knowledge gained could be used to help define alternative forest management strategies oriented toward the enhancement of landscape heterogeneity as a measure to face future environmental uncertainty.
文摘The paper first introduces and analyzes the merits and demerits of some traditional methods of evaluating the grade of clothing fit. Then a computer-aided evaluating method is put forward. In this process two groups are needed. The control group is made up of people who wear maillot while the experimental group consists of those who wear target clothes to be evaluated. People in these two groups are taken photos respectively from front, back and lateral sides. The photos are input computer and receive a series of image processing using Open CV which provides the open source library function including image preprocessing, edge detection and image segmentation, etc. Finally, taking the clothing ease into account, the processed data is used for region matching and evaluating the grade of clothing fit.
文摘What hath the selfies wrought？ Stretch one arm out for a high angle—look up,smile,bring out your eyes and bring in your chin—click!As the smartphone has become a necessity to many people,it has become a commonscene to see people stretching out their phones to take pictures of themselves, and it can almost happen anywhere, anytime. The social network is thus full of people sharing their self- ies--tailored to show off their most attractive assets.
