旨显义豁话“排列”

有两道在西方产生广泛影响的公式,是英国诗人柯勒律治开列的:“散文=安排得最好的语词,诗=安排得最好最好的语词。”一切文章都靠“安排”,难怪冰心说写作像“堆积木”,贾平凹说文章是“

Classification and Nomenclature of Plant Metallothionein-like Proteins Based on Their Cysteine Arrangement Patterns

随着植物基因组研究的进展 ,在基因文库和蛋白文库登录的植物类金属硫蛋白基因已超过 5 0个 ,接近金属硫蛋白总数的 1/ 3,而且有不断上升的趋势。鉴于目前植物类金属硫蛋白命名与分类随意性太大 ,很有必要建立一个统一合理的命名与分类法。对植物类金属硫蛋白一级结构进行详细分析后 ,发现该蛋白两端富含半胱氨酸的区域内半胱氨酸的排列方式颇具规律性 ,进而提出了以半胱氨酸排列方式为基础的分类及命名法 ,并阐述了采用这种方法的理由及其可行性。

Data-Path Placement Based on Regularity Extraction and Implementation

An algorithm named DPP is addressed.In it,a new model based on the concept of irregularity degree is founded to evaluate the regularity of cells.It generates the structure regularity of cells by exploiting the signal flow of circuit.Then,it converts the bit slice structure to parallel constraints to enable Q place algorithm.The design flow and the main algorithms are introduced.Finally,the satisfied experimental result of the tool compared with the Cadence placement tool SE is discussed.

Effect of 2,4-D on Microtubule Reorientation in Rice Root Tips

The reorientation of microtubules (MTS) in roots of Oryza sativa L. treated with 2,4_D was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy. In the control (the roots were not treated with 2,4_D), different distribution patterns of MTS were observed in the different growth zones of root tips. MTS of the cortical cells were randomly aligned in the zone of cell division. They were transversely arranged in the cortical cells of the zone of cell elongation; and obliquely oriented in the root hair zone. After treatment with 2,4_D, MTS displayed distinct changes with reorientation in the cortex of the root tip coupling with the inhibition of root growth. MTS changed their orientation in the cortical cells of the zone of cell division from being randomly oriented to transversely oriented when incubated in 1 mg/L 2,4_D for 1 h. However, they were recovered and became randomly oriented when the roots were treated with 1 mg/L 2,4_D for 24 h. An array of MTS, which was different from that in the control, was observed in the cortical cells of the zone of cell elongation in the roots treated with 1 mg/L 2,4_D for 1 h. After treatment with 10 mg/L 2,4_D for 1 h, the MTS in the cortical cells of the zone of cell division became transversely reorientated, but the pattern of MTS distribution was different from that in the 1_hour treatment of 1 mg/L 2,4_D. MTS were hardly detected in the same type of cells when roots were submerged in 10 mg/L 2,4_D for 24 h. When roots were incubated in 10 mg/L 2,4_D for 1 h, the MTS of the cortical cells in the zone of cell elongation became randomly oriented, and much more randomly when the roots were treated for 24 h.

Screening of plane S waves by an array of rigid piles in poroelastic soil

An array of rigid piles used as a screening barrier for plane shear (S) waves is investigated in a homogeneous unbounded space. The dynamic poroelastic theory of Biot is employed, under the assumption of an incompressible solid grain. Using Fourier-Bessel series, the problem of multiple scattering is solved by imposing continuity conditions and equilibrium conditions at the soil-pile interfaces with the translational addition theorem. A parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the influence of the permeability of poroelastic soil, separation between piles, number of piles and frequency of incident waves on screening effectiveness of the barrier, and the results are compared with those in an elastic soil medium. Computed results show that the intrinsic permeability of the soil medium displays an apparent effect on the screening of plane S waves.

Microseismic signal denoising by combining variational mode decomposition with permutation entropy

Remarkable progress has been achieved on microseismic signal denoising in recent years,which is the basic component for rock-burst detection.However,its denoising effectiveness remains unsatisfactory.To extract the effective microseismic signal from polluted noisy signals,a novel microseismic signal denoising method that combines the variational mode decomposition(VMD)and permutation entropy(PE),which we denote as VMD–PE,is proposed in this paper.VMD is a recently introduced technique for adaptive signal decomposition,where K is an important decomposing parameter that determines the number of modes.VMD provides a predictable eff ect on the nature of detected modes.In this work,we present a method that addresses the problem of selecting an appropriate K value by constructing a simulation signal whose spectrum is similar to that of a mine microseismic signal and apply this value to the VMD–PE method.In addition,PE is developed to identify the relevant effective microseismic signal modes,which are reconstructed to realize signal filtering.The experimental results show that the VMD–PE method remarkably outperforms the empirical mode decomposition(EMD)–VMD filtering and detrended fl uctuation analysis(DFA)–VMD denoising methods of the simulated and real microseismic signals.We expect that this novel method can inspire and help evaluate new ideas in this field.

Synchronization of Chaotic Intensities and Phases in an Array of N Lasers

A linear array of N mutually coupled single-mode lasers is investigated. It is shown that the intensities of N lasers are chaotically synchronized when the coupling between lasers is relatively strong. The chaotic synchronization of intensities depends on the location of the lasers in the array. The chaotic synchronization appears between two outmost lasers, the second two outmost lasers, etc. There is no synchronization between nearest neighbors of the lasers. If the number of N is odd, the middle laser is never synchronized between any lasers. The chaotic synchronization of phases between nearest lasers in the array is examined by using the analytic signal and the Gaussian filter methods based on the peak of the power spectrum of the intensity. It can be seen that the message of chaotic intensity synchronization is conveyed through the phase synchronization.

Elastic properties of transversely isotropic rocks containing aligned cracks and application to anisotropy measurement

Currently,most rock physics models,used for evaluating the elastic properties of cracked or fractured media,take into account the crack properties,but not the background anisotropy.This creats the errors of in the anisotropy estimates by using fi eld logging data.In this work,based on the scattered wavefi eld theory,a sphere-equivalency method of elastic wave scattering was developed to accurately calculate the elastic properties of a vertical transversely isotropic solid containing aligned cracks.By setting the scattered wavefi eld due to a crack equal to that due to an equivalent sphere,an eff ective elastic stiff ness tensor was derived for the cracked medium.The stability and accuracy of the approach were determined for varying background anisotropy values.The results show that the anisotropy of the eff ective media is aff ected by cracks and background anisotropy for transversely isotropic background permeated by horizontally aligned cracks,especially for the elastic wave propagating along the horizontal direction.Meanwhile,the crack orientation has a signifi cant infl uence on the elastic wave velocity anisotropy.The theory was subsequently applied to model laboratory ultrasonic experimental data for artifi cially cracked samples and to model borehole acoustic anisotropy measurements.After considering the background anisotropy,the model shows an improvement in the agreement between theoretical predictions and measurement data,demonstrating that the present theory can adequately explain the anisotropic characteristics of cracked media.

Application of new tissue microarrayer-ZM-1 without recipient paraffin block

The ZM-1 tissue microarrayer designed by our groups is manufactured in stainless steel and brass and contains many features that make TMA (tissue microarray) paraffin blocks construction faster and more convenient. By means of ZM-1 tissue microarrayer, biopsy needles are used to punch the donor tissue specimens respectively. All the needles with the punched specimen cylinders are arrayed into the array-board, with an array of small holes dug to fit the needles. All the specimen cylinders arraying and the TMA paraffin block shaping are finished in only one step so that the specimen cylinders and the paraffin of the TMA block can very easily be incorporated and the recipient paraffin blocks need not be made in advance, and the paraffin used is the same as that for conventional pathology purpose. ZM-1 tissue microarrayer is easy to be manufactured, does not need any precision location system, and so is much cheaper than the currently used instrument. Our method’s relatively cheap and simple ZM-1 tissue microarrayer technique of constructing TMA paraffin block may facilitate popularization of the TMA technology.

Comparison of robust H_∞ filter and Kalman filter for initial alignment of inertial navigation system

There are many filtering methods that can be used for the initial alignment of an integrated inertial navigation system. This paper discussed the use of GPS, but focused on two kinds of filters for the initial alignment of an integrated strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS). One method is based on the Kalman filter (KF), and the other is based on the robust filter. Simulation results showed that the filter provides a quick transient response and a little more accurate estimate than KF, given substantial process noise or unknown noise statistics. So the robust filter is an effective and useful method for initial alignment of SINS. This research should make the use of SINS more popular, and is also a step for further research.

Droplet Pattern Formation and Translation in New Microfluidic Flow- Focusing Devices

We conducted experiments on specially designed microfluidic chips that generate droplets through a microfluidic ow-focusing approach. The fluid flow in the microfluidic channel produced a shear flow field at low Reynolds numbers. The droplets in the microfluidic system exhibited special droplet pattern formations similar to periodic crystal-like lattices because of the competition between shear forces and surface tension. By adjusting the flow rate ratio of the water （droplet phase） to oil （continuous phase） phases and changing the outlet channel widths, the droplets formed monolayer dispersion to double-layer formation to monolayer squeezing when the outlet channel widths were 250 or 300 μm. We also obtained droplets with monolayer dispersion, three-layer arrangements, double-layer squeezing, and monolayer squeezing when the outlet channel width was 350 μm. The outlet channel width was increased to 400 μm, and four-layer arrangements were observed. We also studied the translation of droplet formation, which resulted in a detailed strategy to control drop size and droplet pattern formation for emulsi cation in microfluidic devices. We expect that our strategy can provide theoretical guidance to synthesize dispersion or polydisperse colloid particles.

Linear Error Equation on Field F_2

In this paper, we will give a method to solve linear error equationon on F2, by using linear algebra on fields F2 and partition theory.

Locating microseismic sources based upon L-shaped single-component geophone array:A synthetic study

We have developed a type of L-shaped single-component geophone array as a single station(L-array station)for surface microseismic monitoring.The L-array station consists of two orthogonal sensor arrays,each being a linear array of single-component sensors.L-array stations can be used to accurately estimate the polarization of first arrivals without amplitude picking.In a synthetic example,we first use segmentally iterative ray tracing(SIRT)method and forward model to calculate the travel time and polarization of first arrivals at a set of L-array stations.Then,for each L-array station,the relative delay times of first arrivals along sensor arrays are used to estimate the polarization vector.The small errors in estimated polarization vectors show the reliability and robustness of polarization estimation based on L-array stations.We then use reverse-time ray-tracing(RTRT)method to locate the source position based on estimated polarizations at a set of L-array stations.Very small errors in inverted source location and origin time indicate the great potential of L-array stations for source localization applications in surface microseismic monitoring.

A Comprehensive Method for Evaluating Precision of Transfer Alignment on a Moving Base

In this study, we propose the use of the Degree of Alignment(DOA) in engineering applications for evaluating the precision of and identifying the transfer alignment on a moving base. First, we derive the statistical formula on the basis of estimations. Next, we design a scheme for evaluating the transfer alignment on a moving base, for which the attitude error cannot be directly measured. Then, we build a mathematic estimation model and discuss Fixed Point Smoothing(FPS), Returns to Scale(RTS), Inverted Sequence Recursive Estimation(ISRE), and Kalman filter estimation methods, which can be used when evaluating alignment accuracy. Our theoretical calculations and simulated analyses show that the DOA reflects not only the alignment time and accuracy but also differences in the maneuver schemes, and is suitable for use as an integrated evaluation index. Furthermore, all four of these algorithms can be used to identify the transfer alignment and evaluate its accuracy. We recommend RTS in particular for engineering applications. Generalized DOAs should be calculated according to the tactical requirements.

Application of simple array method in one-way traffic synthetic asessment

One-Way Traffic synthetic assessing can not only determine the assessment method, but can also provide an opportunity for further study of road systems. Comparing three Road Traffic Planning methods, which are Value Analysis method, Simple Array method and Step Analysis method, this paper concludes that Simple Array method has one prominent merit, avoiding the complicated relationship of various factors and simplifying the complex problem. Therefore Simple Array method is firstly presented in this paper to be the assessing measure to assess the One-Way Traffic Planning project. Although this assessing method cannot wholly give way to man’s will, through consistently testing on qualitative factors and with the decision-making results of a multi-program, this method is still an effective method. Using an example of Harbin One-Way Traffic planning, with seven assessing indexes including economic benefit index, Simple Array method is applied to synthetically assessing the program. This fully reflects the general function of One-Way Traffic planning program and objectively evaluates the program. It also proves that, as the method of One-Way Traffic synthetic assessing, Simple Array method is rational and practical.

Axisymmetrical Nonlinear Bending and Buckling of a Circular Plate Under Large Load

With the terms of the exact series solution taken as trial functions, the method of point collocation was used to calculate the large deflection of a circular plate. The axisymmetrical bending formulae were developed for the calculation of a circular plate subjected to polynomial distributed loads, a concentrated load at the center, uniform radial forces and moments along the edge or their combinations. The support may be elastic. The buckling load was calculated. Under action of uniformly distributed load, central load or their compound load, solutions were compared with those obtained by other methods. Buckling beyond critical thrust was compared with that calculated by the power series method. The method presented in this paper has advantages of wide convergent range, high precision and short computing time. Moreover, the computing time is nearly independent of the complexity of the loads.

The Impact of Trade Policy Arrangements on China and World Economy in Post-MFA Era

With Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) eliminated on Dec 31, 2004, the debates and concerns on the trade of textile and apparel have been growing. The objective of this study is to examine the impacts of alternative policies on China and World economy after canceling MFA. Based on a general equilibrium model of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP), study shows that China and World will significantly benefit from further trade liberalization. However, if USA, EU and Canada converted to TBT to restrict import, the gains from eliminating MFA would be largely offset. Based on our analysis, some policy implications are discussed.