Water eutrophication has become a worldwide environmental problem in recent years.Once a water body is eutrophicated,it will lose its primary functions and subsequently influence sustainable development of society and...Water eutrophication has become a worldwide environmental problem in recent years.Once a water body is eutrophicated,it will lose its primary functions and subsequently influence sustainable development of society and economy.Therefore,analysis of eutrophication becomes one of the most essential issues at present.With the ability to deal with vague and uncertain information,and express knowledge in a rule form,the rough set theory(RST) has been widely applied in diverse domains.The advantage of RST is that it can compress the rule and remove needless features by reduction inference rule.By this way,the rule gets effectively simplified and inference efficiency gets improved.However,if data amount is relatively big,it could be a process with large calculated amount to search rules by looking up tables.Petri nets(PNs) possesses so powerful parallel reasoning ability that inference result could be obtained rapidly merely by simple matrix manipulation with no need for searching rules by looking up tables.In this work,an integrated RPN model combining RST with PN was used to analyze relations between degrees of water eutrophication level and influence factors in the Pengxi River of Three Gorges Reservoir.It was shown that the RPN model could analyze water eutrophicaion accurately and quickly,and yield decision rules for the decision-makers at water purification plants of the water quality and assist them in making more cost-effective decisions.展开更多
This article proposes a dual system cognitive reasoning model to enhance audit judgment and decision making. The model is built on the fact that the total cognitive capacity of an individual comprises two systems of r...This article proposes a dual system cognitive reasoning model to enhance audit judgment and decision making. The model is built on the fact that the total cognitive capacity of an individual comprises two systems of reasoning--System 1 that is unconscious, associative, implicit, more emotional and less controlled, and so forth; and System 2 that is conscious, explicit, deliberate and rule-governed, and so forth. The benefits of the proposed model that integrates these two complementary and compensatory systems are first illustrated with an example in audit planning, and second explained how the model could overcome the deficiencies of heuristics specifically in an audit context.展开更多
Understanding an utterance is far from proposition analysis and literal meaning interpretation. It is the unity of what is said and what is implicated. Grice＇s theory of conversational implicature provides some expli...Understanding an utterance is far from proposition analysis and literal meaning interpretation. It is the unity of what is said and what is implicated. Grice＇s theory of conversational implicature provides some explicit account of how it is possible to mean more than what is literally expressed by the conventional sense of the linguistic expressions uttered. Using this theory, we can infer the speaker＇s real attention, appreciate figure of speech in literary work, and improve our communicative competence.展开更多
Abstract： It was discussed that the way to reflect the internal relations between judgment and identification, the two most fundamental ways of thinking or cognition operations, during the course of the semantic netw...Abstract： It was discussed that the way to reflect the internal relations between judgment and identification, the two most fundamental ways of thinking or cognition operations, during the course of the semantic network knowledge representation processing. A new extended Petri net is defined based on qualitative mapping, which strengths the expressive ability of the feature of thinking and the mode of action of brain. A model of semantic network knowledge representation based on new Petri net is given. Semantic network knowledge has a more efficient representation and reasoning mechanism. This model not only can reflect the characteristics of associative memory in semantic network knowledge representation, but also can use Petri net to express the criterion changes and its change law of recognition judgment, especially the cognitive operation of thinking based on extraction and integration of sensory characteristics to well express the thinking transition course from quantitative change to qualitative change of human cognition.展开更多
The contradiction would produce the power only in the condition that this contradiction stays within a substance. The movement power for the cognition is not produced by the contradiction between people＇s thinking an...The contradiction would produce the power only in the condition that this contradiction stays within a substance. The movement power for the cognition is not produced by the contradiction between people＇s thinking and the objective things, for the thinking and the objective things are not in a same substance, which is Hegel＇s problem. Then, where is the power for people＇s cognition from？ This paper has a conclusion as this： The ＂Ego＂ and the ＂Nonego＂ are a pair of contradiction within a person＇s body. The cognition is a kind of people＇s movement. So, the cognition is the process moved by the power from the ＂Ego＂ and the ＂Nonego＂ of a person＇s body.展开更多
基金Project(2014ZX07104-006)supported by the National Scientific and Technological Major Project of China
文摘Water eutrophication has become a worldwide environmental problem in recent years.Once a water body is eutrophicated,it will lose its primary functions and subsequently influence sustainable development of society and economy.Therefore,analysis of eutrophication becomes one of the most essential issues at present.With the ability to deal with vague and uncertain information,and express knowledge in a rule form,the rough set theory(RST) has been widely applied in diverse domains.The advantage of RST is that it can compress the rule and remove needless features by reduction inference rule.By this way,the rule gets effectively simplified and inference efficiency gets improved.However,if data amount is relatively big,it could be a process with large calculated amount to search rules by looking up tables.Petri nets(PNs) possesses so powerful parallel reasoning ability that inference result could be obtained rapidly merely by simple matrix manipulation with no need for searching rules by looking up tables.In this work,an integrated RPN model combining RST with PN was used to analyze relations between degrees of water eutrophication level and influence factors in the Pengxi River of Three Gorges Reservoir.It was shown that the RPN model could analyze water eutrophicaion accurately and quickly,and yield decision rules for the decision-makers at water purification plants of the water quality and assist them in making more cost-effective decisions.
文摘This article proposes a dual system cognitive reasoning model to enhance audit judgment and decision making. The model is built on the fact that the total cognitive capacity of an individual comprises two systems of reasoning--System 1 that is unconscious, associative, implicit, more emotional and less controlled, and so forth; and System 2 that is conscious, explicit, deliberate and rule-governed, and so forth. The benefits of the proposed model that integrates these two complementary and compensatory systems are first illustrated with an example in audit planning, and second explained how the model could overcome the deficiencies of heuristics specifically in an audit context.
文摘Understanding an utterance is far from proposition analysis and literal meaning interpretation. It is the unity of what is said and what is implicated. Grice＇s theory of conversational implicature provides some explicit account of how it is possible to mean more than what is literally expressed by the conventional sense of the linguistic expressions uttered. Using this theory, we can infer the speaker＇s real attention, appreciate figure of speech in literary work, and improve our communicative competence.
文摘Abstract： It was discussed that the way to reflect the internal relations between judgment and identification, the two most fundamental ways of thinking or cognition operations, during the course of the semantic network knowledge representation processing. A new extended Petri net is defined based on qualitative mapping, which strengths the expressive ability of the feature of thinking and the mode of action of brain. A model of semantic network knowledge representation based on new Petri net is given. Semantic network knowledge has a more efficient representation and reasoning mechanism. This model not only can reflect the characteristics of associative memory in semantic network knowledge representation, but also can use Petri net to express the criterion changes and its change law of recognition judgment, especially the cognitive operation of thinking based on extraction and integration of sensory characteristics to well express the thinking transition course from quantitative change to qualitative change of human cognition.
文摘The contradiction would produce the power only in the condition that this contradiction stays within a substance. The movement power for the cognition is not produced by the contradiction between people＇s thinking and the objective things, for the thinking and the objective things are not in a same substance, which is Hegel＇s problem. Then, where is the power for people＇s cognition from？ This paper has a conclusion as this： The ＂Ego＂ and the ＂Nonego＂ are a pair of contradiction within a person＇s body. The cognition is a kind of people＇s movement. So, the cognition is the process moved by the power from the ＂Ego＂ and the ＂Nonego＂ of a person＇s body.
