放牧+补饲条件下布尔山羊改良宁夏土种山羊效果初步观察

试验测定结果表明 ,布尔山羊与宁夏土种山羊F1代的初生重 3.0 5kg ,明显高于土种山羊 (2 .6 8kg)。在宁夏半干旱荒漠草场资源条件下 ,以放牧 +补饲方式饲养 ,杂交优势明显 ,断奶后的各项生产指标明显高于土种山羊 (P <0 .0 1) ,半岁体重 19.34kg ,多增重 3.2 9kg(P <0 .0 1) ,单位增重减少精料 0 .72kg ,节省 33.96 % ,胸围、胸宽和胸深分别比土种山羊提高 13.6 %、2 7.9%和 13.7% 。

浅谈牦牛科学饲养和疾病预防

牦牛是生活在高海拔地区的哺乳动物,主要分布在喜马拉雅山脉和青藏高原,在现代畜牧业中,其经济价值非常可观,但目前牦牛传统放牧模式还不能完全满足市场需求,存在母牛繁殖性能差,出栏周期长,部分疾病多发等问题,因此,能够科学养殖和预防疾病工作在牦牛饲养工作中起到关键作用。

White Mulberry （Morus alba） Foliage as a Feeding Supplement for Growing Calves

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feed consumption and weight gain in calves fed with a nutritional block made of white mulberry （Morus alba） for a 90-day-period, involving dry season months （March-May） in Tuxpan, Veracruz, Mexico. A total of 45 growing Zebu x Swiss calves with an average weight of 200 kg were assigned randomly in three groups of 15 animals, and the following treatments of nutritional block were offered to each group： grazing animals （To）, grazing animals plus nutritious block with white mulberry （T1）, and grazing animals plus nutritious block without white mulberry （T2）. A consumption of 0.545 kg/d from block in treatment T1 was observed, significantly improving calves growing and showing a weight gain of 0.933 kg/d. Use of white mulberry in nutritional blocks is a good alternative for growing calves, as a feeding strategy given the seasonality of pasture production in the tropics.

高寒牧区羔羊育肥效果分析

为了探讨高寒牧区羔羊的最优育肥模式,以澳洲美利奴×甘肃高山细毛羊杂种一代羔羊、邦德×甘肃高山细毛羊杂种一代羔羊、特克塞尔×甘肃高山细毛羊杂种一代羔羊(分别简称澳甘细、邦甘细、特甘细)和甘肃高山细毛羊纯繁羔羊(简称甘高细)作为试验对象,采用全舍饲和"放牧+补饲"2种方式进行育肥试验,观测其生长(育肥期增重、平均日增重)和屠宰(胴体重、屠宰率)性能。结果表明:不同育肥方式对羔羊的生产性能无明显影响(P>0.05),全舍饲和"放牧+补饲"下,羔羊的育肥期增重分别是9.95 kg和9.83 kg,平均日增重分别是165.88 g和163.79 g,胴体重分别是14.41 kg和14.38 kg,屠宰率分别是47.61%和47.26%。经济效益分析表明"放牧+补饲"育肥羔羊的平均效益较全舍饲高35元/只;3个杂种羔羊群体的育肥效果都好于甘高细,其中特甘细的生长和屠宰性能最好。全舍饲育肥下,特甘细的胴体重分别比澳甘细、邦甘细高2.83和2.3 kg(P<0.01);"放牧+补饲"育肥下,分别比这2个群体高0.79和0.28 kg。由此说明,"放牧+补饲"是高寒牧区羔羊育肥的最优技术,特克塞尔×甘肃高山细毛羊杂种一代羔羊是羔羊育肥的最优群体。