从“教学设备”到“教学资源”——摭谈语文教学大纲观念的某些变化

2002年4月,《全日制高级中学语文教学大纲》出版,这个新大纲与2000年2月试验修订版相比,其基本框架、结构保持了相对稳定,但在具体的提法、要求上有一定的变动。尤其是第五部分由原来的“教学设备”改为“教学资源”很值得体味,它反映了教育形势的发展变化,体现了教育观念的进一步更新。首先, “教学资源”进一步确认了“大语文教育观念”,也可以说“大语文教育观念”通过《大纲》将进一步深入到高中语文教师和学生的心田。

Positive effects of native language in the foreign language learning and teaching

Native language has been rejected for a long time in the foreign language class, which results from a misunderstanding to native language transfer by most teachers. Actually, it is an effective learning strategy to complete the communication task under the help of native language, which should be acknowledged. Using native language to explain specific words or grammar rules can take advantage of the limited class-time efficiently and increase the class efficiency; using native language to discuss teaching method and solve the problems for the students can promote their enthusiasm. In these specific teaching processes, native language is an important teaching resource. Instances identify that native language has positive effects in the foreign language learning and teaching and it should have its own standpoint.

The status quo and prospect for the researches on network English curriculum resources

This paper summarizes and criticizes the researches on Internet English curriculum resources in China from the following 3 aspects： the characteristics and significances; the exploitation and integration; and practice and investigation. The sumarrization shows that the related researches need to be deepened theretically and empirically so as to improve and promote the practice of the curriculum resourses modern technology have brought.

Quality Issues in the Expansion of University Education in Kenya, the Human Resource Challenges and Opportunities

This paper gives an analysis of the quality issues in the expansion of university education in Kenya examining the human resource challenges and opportunities. It examines a variety of factors that impact the nature, content, and mode of delivery of the teaching. The paper is an introduction and highlights the importance of higher education to societal development. It observes that higher education enables individuals to develop their capabilities to the highest potential, serves the needs of an adaptive, sustainable and knowledge based economy and plays a major role in shaping a democratic, civilized and inclusive society. It is thus seen as the key to progress in the 21 st century. It examines government policy with respect to education in general and higher education in particular. It is noted that the government recognizes the important role that education plays to foster national development and has therefore through various policy instruments sought to ensure that access, relevance, and quality become the major areas of the development of higher education in the country. The management of the universities in the country has faced serious human resource challenges. These challenges arise from the fact that the rapid expansion of university education in the country has not been accompanied with provision of resources in order to maintain high standards, quality, and relevance. This in turn has negatively affected the quality and relevance of the programmes. It is recommended that in order to enhance the quality of teaching, research, and service delivery.

Equipping the Public Primary Schools in Puebla： The Case of the Enciclomedia System in the State of Puebla, Mexico

The primary school system in Mexico is affected by serious shortfalls in the installation of related information and communication technologies resources in the teaching-learning process. This lack of resources has an impact of the context of the digital divide as well as in joining the knowledge society. The present article will deal with the outfitting of classrooms with the enciclomedia system in the 5tb and 6th grade in the State of Puebla. It will demonstrate important findings, demonstrating the deepening digital divide between the state capital and the rest of the municipalities in this state. In fact, the furthest （300 km far away from Puebla city） the less primary school equipped with the enciclomedia system. We will also demonstrate the resource distribution by school-type and inhabitants. Another finding is the influence in resource distribution by political party. This study should provide public policy decision-makers with valuable information for the apportionment of resources in all municipalities of the State of Puebla.

English Language Corpora as a Secondary ELT Resource for Indian Learners

The author proposes here for utilizing ELC （English Language Corpora） as a secondary resource for developing ELT （English Language Teaching） materials for teaching English to Indian learners. We argue for using ELC as one of the most authentic representative collections of modem English language from where we extract necessary linguistic data, information, and examples to develop basic as well as additional resources of ELT, such as, text books, reference materials, syllabuses, grammar books, dictionaries, and terminology databases, etc., for Indian learners. Keeping the requirements of individual learners in mind we propose to customize materials to make these maximally useful within the broader scheme of CALT （Computer Assisted Language Teaching）. In our view, ELT resources developed from ELC are more useful for Indian learners, because ELC represents diversified varieties of usage of modem English in real situations, which Indian learners need to assimilate to be at par with others across the globe. Also ELC-based ELT resources are more interesting and beneficial to Indian learners, if instructors carefully utilize these resources keeping in mind the requirements of learners. If Indian ELT learners want to compete in global frame, then utilization of ELC-based ELT resources is the most useful solution, which we can ignore at the cost of our own peril.

The Intelligent Teaching Resource Program： Applications to Writing

This paper examined the computer-assisted TRP （Teaching Resource Program）, which is an intelligent writing program. Different from previous research, this study emphasized TRP＇s integrative and holistic functions of intelligent analysis, intelligent scoring, and intelligent comment on writing pieces. In what follows, this paper conducted a study of intelligent essay scoring system related to intelligent analysis, intelligent scoring, and intelligent comment of the writing pieces. Also, this paper provided a literature review of existing computer-assisted essay scoring systems and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of them. Based on these findings in our research, we can conclude that the integrative and holistic computer-assisted TRP can effectively analyze, score, and comment essays, consequently enhancing the writing performance. Some useful implications from this study include that the computer-assisted TRP should be further integrated with writing learning and instruction

Depression Among Arab Students in Israel： The Contribution of Religiosity, Happiness, Social Support and Self-control

This study examines the correlation ~mong a number of personal and environmental resources that can recluce u^pz-~on, These are： religiosity, happiness, social support, and self-controL The participants in the study consisted of 219 Arab students from teacher training colleges in the Triangle region in central Israel. The findings indicate that all the resources that were examined contribute to reducing the level of depression; in other words, significant negative correlations were found between the level of religiosity, happiness, social support and self-control on the one hand, and the level of depression on the other hand. These findings are consistent with those of other studies conducted elsewhere in the world on different populations CChristian and lewish, as well as Muslim）. The present study and its findings are, however, the first to address the understanding of depression among the populace in question. The findings were discussed in accordance with a number of different theories.

Research on Building the Resource Library of Course Teaching based on the Cloud Computing

This paper puts forward sharing teaching resources based on cloud computing solutions, through the use of architecture means virtualization technology based on KVM on the server side, the infrastructure layer manage the underlying physical hardware equipment. In the realization of the infrastructure layer using Libvirt virtualization management suite that provides a common API development Web, through the RDP protocol, and finally access to the remote virtual desktop browser by the graphical user interface （GUI） and traditional Web B/S architecture, to simulate and access to low-level resources and sharing of teaching resources, teaching resources can be achieved education informatization in the process of teaching.

Existing problems that TVU have on learning support service system

There are some existing problems that TVU have on learning support service system. By analyzing the status quo of TVU learning support system, we raise problems such as current quality of personnel, teaching resources, part-time teacher management, teaching facilities, campus culture and other issues.

The use of Flipped classroom in adult English education

flipped classroom as a new form of teaching, has became popular worldwide. ＂Flipped classroom＂ , from Salman Khan, is an occasional teaching method, after Khan and others＇ promotion and testing for the significance of today＇ s flipped classroom. Compared with the traditional teaching, it has broken through the traditional classroom limitation, reconstruction teaching structure reflects the advantages of the new teaching ideas. While flipping the classroom includes the implementation of pre-class design, well-made video and other aspects, but the most critical elements of it are still teachers. Teachers should establish a new teaching philosophy, and constantly improve the ability to implement flipped classroom, put emphasis on students＇ learning skills. On this basis, the article also rose that in flipped classroom teachers should pay attention to the role of teachers, they need information technology support, cause changes in teaching evaluation and promote the integration of high-quality teaching resources sharing and other aspects. The adult of non-English majors generally have poor English skills, but because of different age, memory, social experience, taking what teaching methods, and doing what teaching activities to achieve the teaching content and the expected effects of prescribed syllabus is an important issue in front of us, the author in view of the current situation, uses the existing conditions, and takes the teaching methods to help adult students improve their English communication skills, to meet the needs of the 21st century.

Research on Optimized Allocation of English Teaching Resources Based on Network Cloud Platform

The allocation of resources in English teaching can improve the ability of resource sharing, in order to optimize the allocation of resources, so as to improve the performance of English teaching, and promote the construction of English teaching resources database, a method of optimizing the allocation of English teaching resources is proposed based on network cloud platform. Text semantic key words conceptual decision tree model is constructed for massive English teaching resources allocation, semantic information conversion method is used to compute key semantic features of English Teaching resources, the concept convergence point of English Teaching resource allocation is formed in semantic model. According to the set between the upper and lower relationship, a decision tree model of English Teaching semantic subject words is constructed, semantic conversion and information extraction are realized. English teaching resources optimization allocation simulation is taken in the cloud platform, simulation results show that the scheduling performance of English teaching resources is better, and the adaptive allocation ability of English teaching resources is stronger, and the resource utilization rate is higher.

Design and Implementation of the Platform for Multimedia Resource Sharing based on Cloud Technology

This paper first reviews the current state of multimedia teaching resource sharing in China as well as the problems encountered. It then proceeds to the focus that a good way out for the dilemma is to design a platform of multimedia teaching resource sharing based on cloud service concept.

Discussion on the Self-maintenance and Support mode of Training Equipment in Higher Vocational Colleges

University teaching and research equipment maintenance costs, rising with the rapid development of the school. Equipment as a teaching resource, should give full play to its role in the efficiency at the same time, from quality improve equipment management, reduce material consumption, two aspects of efforts to reduce maintenance costs, reduce maintenance expenses. This article by the necessity of self- maintenance, feasibility analysis and establish a competitive mechanism, and that this is a feasible way out equipment maintenance work of vocational colleges need to adapt to the situation.

Research on Creating Rich-Media-Based Teaching Resources of Chinese Language Education

This paper investigates the promotion of rich media techniques and creation of teaching resources in Chinese language education curriculums. Infusing rich media technology with teaching practice, teachers should not only introduce original thinking, new skills and authentic knowledge to students, but also should emphasize on creativity. In this sense, the resources created within the curriculums are possible to develop and in turn, accumulate more teaching resources and materials for Chinese language education.

Design and Implementation of English Teaching Management System Based on Web

In order to improve the intelligence of the English teaching management, so as to improve the English teaching resource scheduling and sharing ability, a design method of teaching management system is proposed based on Web. The system adopts Web network architecture design, mainly it is divided into MUC main control module, database module, data management module and man-machine interaction module, Network management and online scheduling of English teaching resources are obtained based on C/S framework, data exchange of English teaching resources is realized on client side and server side, the control component of the English teaching resource distribution database uses MBM29LV400BC as the logic decoding controller. The intelligent algorithm is used to analyze the big data to realize the scheduling and access control of the English teaching management system resources. The test results show that the design of the English teaching management system has good resource scheduling and database construction ability, and the overall intelligence of the system is better.

The application of the MOOCs postgraduate education in the army

MOOCs as a new kind ofordine teaching mode worldwide at breakneck speed. This paper analyzes the development and advantages of MOOCs, to draw lessons fi＇om the successful experience of the MOOCs, build conform to the demand of our colleges and universities graduate education MOOCs platforrr~ promote excellent education experts in the army,high-quality teaching resource sharing, to promote the teaching idea transformation,teaching content update and the teaching method reform, improve the quality of military high-level talent cultivation.

Teaching Business English Course： Incorporating Portfolio Assessment-based Blended Learning and MOOC

Recent years have witnessed the growth of the popularity of open online learning platforms in China’s colleges and universities. This not only promotes the change of teaching concept and the reform of teaching methodology, but also provides a broad new opportunity for the teaching resource integration between universities in China and the prestigious universities in the world. However, with MOOC’s booming and spreading, educators and teachers have also found its limitations during the course of teaching and learning. This paper focuses on the design and the application of the integration of blended learning model and MOOC in Business English Course by selective use of the Open Course Ware of MIT Management School. With the advanced e-portfolio assessment as the standard for students’ achievement, it aims to reveal that the proposed model can trigger students’ study interest and cultivate their autonomous study, corporate learning as well as creative thinking ability.

Discussion on the Self-maintenance and Support mode of Training Equipment in Higher Vocational Colleges

University teaching and research equipment maintenance costs, rising with the rapid development of the school. Equipment as a teaching resource, should give full play to its role in the efficiency at the same time, from quality improve equipment management, reduce material consumption, two aspects of efforts to reduce maintenance costs, reduce maintenance expenses. This article by the necessity of self- maintenance, feasibility analysis and establish a competitive mechanism, and that this is a feasible way out equipment maintenance work of vocational collejzes need to adaot to the situation.

Employability Analysis and Improving Strategy of Art Majors in College

Scarce resources of Higher Education is the fundamental factor affecting arts college students＇ employability training and promotion. Human Capital acquired by Art Majors in higher education is professional knowledge and skills with the core of employability. Characterized by a high degree of operability art expertise determines the students and enhances their professional knowledge and skills for the high dependence of educational resources. These educational resources include not only the hardware facilities, teachers, but also include the school＇ s philosophy, cultural traditions, social practices of professional opportunities, social influence and other hidden educational resources, for example, as for the traditional fine arts students, in addition to enough learning creative space, schools and cultural traditions have a very profound impact on the ability for professional and career development. In case of shortage of educational resources, art students＇ the opportunity to study and practice professional knowledge and skills must be affected, but the large number of students makes many teachers tied of teaching school recessive educational resources which even cannot be effectively communicated.