“整风”、《讲话》与“秧歌剧”——试论延安文艺三个关键词之间的逻辑关系

“整风”、《讲话》与“秧歌剧”是延安文艺运动的三大关键词,这三个关键词对于百年中国文艺运动的健康发展,起到了统领全局的导向性作用。“整风”解决了党内斗争的路线问题,《讲话》解决了知识分子的思想问题,“秧歌剧”解决了红色文艺的立场问题,进而牢固奠定了百年中国文艺运动“革命性”“人民性”与“大众化”的发展方向。“整风”、《讲话》与“秧歌剧”以其不可分割的逻辑关系,既生动地反映了马克思主义中国化的艰难历程,又深刻地揭示了中国现代革命走向胜利的历史必然性。可以毫不夸张地说,“整风”、《讲话》与“秧歌剧”的内在关联性,恰恰构成了一部形象化的中国革命史。

“整风运动”历史背景探析

"整风运动"是中国共产党自身建设的一次有益尝试,该运动解决了党和革命事业所遇到的一系列问题,为党的发展建设和革命事业的继续进行起到了不可忽视的作用。对整风运动进行系统研究对于党的事业来说具有重要的参考意义,本文则将关注点放在其发生的历史深层原因这一方面,揭示问题的形成与解决之间的内在关系。

从平面的“延安”到立体的“延安”

20世纪 80年代 ,著名诗人贺敬之最初提出了延安学的概念 ,后来郭必选等人对延安学研究作了初步展开 ,并引起理论界的高度关注。但时至今日 ,关于延安历史 (主要指中共中央在延安 1 3年的历史 )的研究 ,仍然归属在中共党史研究范围内 ,事实上即使是中共中央在延安 1 3年间发生在延安、并与当时国家政治和后来新中国的建立有关的历史 ,以及在文化和意识形态方面的承传 ,中共党史也是无法全部含概的。为此 ,我们倡导建立“延安学”学科 ,本刊特将过去开设的“延安时期研究”等栏目和“延安精神研究”、“中共党史研究”栏目中的有关内容整合为新的“延安学研究专栏”,为有志于延安学研究的学界同仁搭建平台 ,欢迎海内外学者不吝赐稿。

Electrochemical migration behavior and mechanism of PCB-ImAg and PCB-HASL under adsorbed thin liquid films

The electrochemical migration（ECM） behavior and mechanism of immersion silver processing circuit board（PCB-ImAg）and hot air solder leveling circuit board（PCB-HASL） under the 0.1 mol/L Na2SO4 absorbed thin liquid films with different thicknesses were investigated using stereo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.Meanwhile,the corrosion tendency and kinetics rule of metal plates after bias application were analyzed with the aid of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）and scanning Kelvin probe（SKP）.Results showed that under different humidity conditions,the amount of migrating corrosion products of silver for PCB-ImAg was limited,while on PCB-HASL both copper dendrites and precipitates such as sulfate and metal oxides of copper/tin were found under a high humidity condition（exceeding 85%）.SKP results indicated that the cathode plate of two kinds of PCB materials had a higher corrosion tendency after bias application.An ECM model involving multi-metal reactions was proposed and the differences of ECM behaviors for two kinds of PCB materials were compared.

Environmental Risks in China and Their Countermeasures

The 13th Five-year Plan period （2016-2020） is a crucial period for environmental protection in China and represents the last chance for the achievement of the environmental objective under the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round manner. During this period of time, China＇ s environment is confronted with the following major risks： risks of environmental quality, human health, ecological security, balanced regional development and international influence. The overall conclusion is that the tendencies of changing eco-environment are complex, problems remain outstanding, and some risks have abated while others have intensified with possible improvements in the future. Future prospects mainly depend on the intensity of actions taken. It is suggested that environmental protection strategy of＂overall optimization＂ be adopted for the 13th Five-year Plan period, i.e. environmental protection requirements should be incorporated into political, economic, social and cultural spheres, so that these areas with major influence on the natural environment will improve and transform towards an environmentally friendly direction and ultimately help achieve the objective of improving eco-environment and people＇s welfare. In order to fundamentally reverse mainstream understanding on environmental protection, it is suggested to define the ＂contradiction between environmental pressures arising from growing economic development and China ＇ s limited and fragile environmental capacity＂ as a major contradiction of Chinese society.

中共党报史上两次新闻改革之比较

简要综述了中国共产党党报史上的两次新闻改革，比较了两者的相同相异之处；并着重从新闻工作的性质、规律及其党性原则等方面，论说了两次新闻改革对第三次新闻改革所具有的指导意义。

Seasonal Prediction Assessment of the South Asian Summer Monsoon: ENSEMBLES versus DEMETER

The seasonal forecasting skill with respect to the South Asian summer monsoon(SASM) was compared between the European Commission FP7 project(ENSEMBLES) and the Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal to Interannual Prediction project(DEMETER). The Webster-Yang index(WYI) was chosen to represent the intensity of the SASM. First, the authors compared the ability to forecast the zonal wind at 850 h Pa(U850) and 200 h Pa(U200) between ENSEMBLES and DEMETER models. The results indicated that the models from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, International Organization(ECMWF) and UK Met Office(UKMO) in ENSEMBLES possess greater skill in seasonally forecasting the JJA(June, July, and August) U850, U200, and U850 minus U200 than in DEMETER. Compared to in DEMETER, the JJA U200 and U850 minus U200 forecasting skill was greater for the model from MétéoFrance(MF) in ENSEMBLES over most of the SASM region. The three coupled models(ECMWF, MF, and UKMO), especially the UKMO model in ENSEMBLES, all demonstrated improved skill in their seasonal forecasts compared to in DEMETER with respect to the interannual variability of the SASM. The three ENSEMBLES models also showed better ability in forecasting the sea surface temperature anomalies(SSTAs) over the eastern equatorial Pacific and North Indian Ocean, and more accurately reproduced the large-scale atmospheric circulation and precipitation over northern India, which are related to the SASM. It seems that the couple between the atmospheric system and external forcing of ENSMBLES over Indian Ocean and Pacific is better than that of DEMETER.

Sensitivity analysis of relevant parameters in complicated mine ventilation network by numerical test

Depending on the numerical test approach on a computer, the relationships among relevant parameters, eg branch number, node number, mesh number, computation accuracy, preliminary value of airflow rate, iteration number, computation time and convergence in a mine ventilation network analysis, were investigated based on 5 mine ventilation systems. The results show that a higher computation accuracy greatly influences the iteration number. When the accuracy reaches 10-6m3·s-1 for solving a complicated mine ventilation network, the running time is too long though a high-speed computer is used. The preliminary value of airflow rate in the range of 1100m3·s-1 has little effects the iteration number. The structure of network also has some effect on the iteration number.

Research of Sail Height Adjustment on Sail-Assisted Ship in Different Loading and Wind Conditions

The relationship between ship stability and sail area is firstly investigated based on the sail-assisted ship＇s stability in this paper. Then a height-adjustable sail structure is proposed that could be automatically adjusted according to the wind conditions, ship loading and other requirements. The influences on the sail height in different ship load conditions, different wind apparent velocity and wind direction are analyzed of a sail-assisted bulk carrier. Finally a control procedure of sail height adjustment in real time is proposed according to the actual load conditions, wind conditions, ship velocity and other parameters to make the best use of wind energy, which is significant for the practical application of sail-assisting technology in the future.

Effect of partial blockage of air duct outlet on performance of OWC device

The use of a Savonius rotor as turbine for an oscillating water column(OWC) is demonstrated.The effect of tuning the OWC using turbine duct blockage is also studied for different wave conditions.A horizontal turbine section OWC employing a Savonius rotor was tested by varying the opening of OWC exit(0%,25%,50%,75% and 100%) to study the behavior and performance of the device.The OWC model was tested at water depth of 0.29 m at frequencies of 0.8,0.9 and 1.0 Hz while the exit openings are varied.The static pressure,dynamic pressure,rotational speed of the Savonius rotor and the coefficient of power are presented as results.The OWC with exit opening of 25% showed greater performance in terms of rotational speed and CP compared to OWC with other exit opening percentages.This proves the ability of the OWC to be tuned by regulating flow in the turbine duct.

Conduction abnormalities after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

In the last few years, transcatheter aortic valve implantation （TAVI） has become an alternative procedure in patients with severe aortic stenosis and high risk for surgical aortic replacement. Due to the anatomic correlation between aortic valve structure and conduction system of the heart, one of the most common complications after TAVI is conduction system disturbances which including bundle branch block, complete heart block and need for permanent pacemaker implantation. Although these disturbances are usually not lethal, they may have a great influence on patients＇ state and long term-survival. Several risk factors for conduction disturbances have been identified which including age, anatomy of the heart, periprocedural factors, type of implanted valve, preexisting abnormalities and comorbidities. As this technique becomes more familiar to physicians, patients should be carefully screened for risk factors for the development of conduction abnormalities after TAVI in order to provide effective prevention and proper treatment.

OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF MESO-β WAVE IN LOW LATITUDES OF SOUTH CHINA SEA OVER THE SUMMER MONSOON

The intensive observation data of the Nansha Islands are used to study and discuss the meso-and fine-scale systems existing with large-scale monsoon circulation during the onset of the southwesterly monsoon in the low-latitude areas of the South China Sea. Effects of low-latitude tropical meso-scale gravity waves on weather have been disclosed. The generation and transportation of the local meso-scale gravity wave have been preliminarily studied from the viewpoint of dynamics.

Cross River Watershed Hydrologic Adjustment： Pre- and Post-June 2012 Mega-storm

The Cross River watershed was disturbed by historic logging activity during the past century, but under the management of the USDA （United States Department of Agriculture） Forest Service, the area has mostly recovered from ecological disturbance. Today a new threat is being imposed by climate change; changes affect not only the temperature but also more extreme wind and rain In 2012, a mega-storm event passed through the north shore region of Lake Superior overwhelming many watersheds with excessive rain and runoff. As part of a Cross River study for the Forest Service, pre- and post-event hydrologic adjustment of the Cross River watershed were captured. Samples were collected for δD and δ18O during April, July, and September to estimate HRT （hydraulic residence time） using the stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen, The results showed that water collected throughout the watershed shifted toward the signature of the mega-event precipitation signature, then slowly diffused with new precipitation and fractionation processes that resumed into the summer and fall.

Research on overall assembling and welding process of steel box girder tuyere blocks of Taizhou Bridge

This article presents in detail the assembling and welding process technique of the steel box girder tuyere blocks of Taizhou Bridge. The application of this process technique effectively solves the problem of welding stress release in tuyere block assembling and welding without increasing the number of turns of the blocks and overhead welding, thus avoiding possible structural deformation due to excessive accumulation of internal welding stress, greatly reducing the repeated deformation and correction work during assembling and welding, and ensuring the weld seam quality and overall dimensions of tuvere blocks of Taizhou Bridze.

Analysis on Development Trend of the D omestic Interior Design Pattern based on the Regional Characteristics and Cultural Integration

Interior is the main space of human activities, which is an important part of human life and design activities, and is the link between spiritual civilization and material civilization. Interior design originates from life, and needs to solve the problem of the material world and spiritual world. People improve the living environment and life quality through interior designs. The style of design depends on the geographical features and various cultures, which refi ects the artistic features and personality. The development history of modern architecture and interior design shows that the style of interior design is an important part of the whole architectural style, which reffects the design features of the whole building. Therefore, interior design and outdoor design should be in harmony. The orientation and characteristics of interior design determine the necessity of the style reforms. The future development trend of interior development may have the following characteristics humanism, green design, nationalization, intelligence and regionalization.

China＇s Direct Investment in Advanced Economies： the Cases of Europe and the United States

Chinese outward foreign direct has increased substantially in recent years, investment （OFDI） in developed economies driven by structural adjustments in China ＇s economy. This article describes the inflection point of Chinese investment in the European Union and the United States since 2008. A new data set is used to highlight similarities and differences of Chinese investment patterns in the world＇s two biggest economies. The second part examines the policy response on both sides of the Atlantic to promote investment from China and at the same time address political and economic risks related to these new flows.

PCB拒焊原因分析和改善应用

引言通常情况下电子器件的表面装连工艺（SMT）中最关键的过程就是焊接，而焊接的三个主要作用它们分别是：

Liquidity risk integration in portfolio choice： The bid efficient frontier

In this paper, a tractable solution is proposed to integrate, to a certain extent, market liquidity risk in the portfolio selection process. It is shown how an investor may take advantage of this additional risk source within the standard mean-variance optimization framework, by in certain circumstances overcoming the pitfalls of illiquidity and in others seizing a liquidity premium. Bid prices appear effective to capture liquidity risk. The efficient frontier conceived with bid prices consists of mean-variance optimal allocations that cover more liquid stocks （large caps） under stressed market conditions and less liquid stocks （small caps） under normal conditions.

Enhance Mining System Reliability through System Integration Approach

The reliability of mining systems is generally low due to their harsh working conditions. Currently, efforts for improving mining system reliability are often made in isolation. This practice could substantially limit the effectiveness of the efforts on overall reliability improvement of the mining system. To enhance the overall reliability of mining systems, an integrated improvement approach is necessary. In this paper, we developed a framework for integrated mining system reliability improvement to address this issue. In this framework, there are five major components including data integration, business process integration, hardware integration, software integration and analysis/decision integration, but we only focus on the integrated reliability analysis which is important to the analysis/decision integration. The reliability analysis considers the interactions between machines, and the impacts of design, operation, maintenance, automation and working environment on the overall system reliability. These multiple interactions present a big challenge to accurate reliability prediction. In this paper, we for the first time systematically investigated integrated reliability analysis approaches for dealing with this challenge using novel models and methods, including covariate hazard models, intelligent reliability prediction approach and complex system modeling methods. While these models and methods have found some successful applications in other industries, they in general have not been effectively used for the reliability analysis of mining systems. Our study results show that the system integration approach is applicable to mining systems and can be used for developing a computer aided integration system for the implementation of the integrated reliability improvement approach.

Failure mode and effect analysis of the risk management of non-integral-dosage drug dispensing in PIVAS

To mitigate risks associated with the prescription examination,marking,dispensing,checking,and review of non-integral-dosage drugs in Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Service(PIVAS),we formed a project team.Employing the failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA)management method,we identified potential risks in four critical steps of the non-integral-dosage drug dispensing process within PIVAS drug management:prescription verification,mixed allocation,and verification.For each step,we assigned scores for severity,incidence,and detectability,subsequently calculating the Risk Priority Number(RPN)to prioritize identified risks.Targeted measures for improvement were developed for steps with the highest RPN values.A total of 31 risk factors were documented in the management of non-integral-dosage drugs,with the dispensing process being particularly vulnerable.Specific measures were devised for eight high RPN risks.Following a 3-month optimization and improvement period,RPN values and incidences of internal differences were significantly reduced.The implemented measures demonstrated effective risk control.Notably,we established a comprehensive conversion system for partial-dose drug dispensing,directly translating into a volume of suction fluid for dispensing personnel based on doctor orders.This eliminated the need for manual secondary calculations,thereby standardizing and automating the dispensing of non-integral-dosage drugs in PIVAS.Simultaneously,our project team conducted a dissolution test on 23 types of drugs with non-integral dosage,revealing that the solvent volume increased for 11 types after dissolution.The dosage conversion for partial dosage was recalibrated based on the volume of the final solution to ensure dosage accuracy.Through the application of failure mode and effect analysis,we systematically managed the risks associated with non-integral-dosage drugs in PIVAS.This approach addressed safety concerns in the dispensing process,reduced errors,and ensured the safe and precise administration of medication to patients.