国家文化公园建设背景下跨区域产业融合发展对策研究

国家文化公园建设是“文化强国”国家战略背景下的创新之举。国家文化公园在空间分布上呈现线性、跨多个行政区域分布的特点,跨区域协同发展问题成为重要议题之一,尤其是跨区域产业融合发展方面。文章着眼于国家文化公园区域内产业融合发展,指出其在区域经济发展、产业政策、文化旅游产品供需方面存在的的问题,并在此基础上,提出“文化旅游+”产业融合发展路径,主要从产业政策支持、创建协同机制和文化旅游要素融合三个方面提出具体对策。

Sustainability of Touristic Potential of the Old Van City and Castle of Van in Terms of Cultural, Historical and Natural Values

Tourism has become the world＇s fastest growing sector due to acceleration of technology and information flow in the globalized world of today, development of the modem mass transport system and increase in people＇s disposable income. Upon tourism＇s being considered as a serious development strategy in the developments of the countries, all the countries of the world have begun to accelerate their investments in this area through utilizing the natural and cultural assets of their countries （heritage） with a view to provide revenue to their economy as well as creation of jobs. This situation, which has emerged as a result of the globalization of supply and demand in tourism, has created certain problems in terms of environmental balance and the living conditions of local people as a result of poor management of the utilization of natural and cultural resources. The objective of this paper is to examine the concepts and principles germane to sustainable tourism which has significant contribution to the development of the countries, made at the macro level both in the world and in Turkey. The aim of this paper, at the micro level, is to create awareness incident to the tourism resources of the Van Region and the Old Van province and ensure the utilization of these resources through protection thereof. At the end of the study, the importance of the protection of heritage resources as well as fair use thereof in terms of increasing the competitiveness of Turkey on a global scale in tourism is addressed in the light of the overall evaluations.

Tourism as an Industry in Heritage Site-A Case Study on World Heritage Site of Fujian Tulou

Cultural heritage is seen as a cultural capital. The heritage tourism increases the local employment and income, however, brings some problems at the same time, changing the traditional living way and industrial structure. The sustainability of economic development by tourism is also questioned. Fujian Tulou is a world heritage site in China, inscribed in 2008. The nomination has brought great changes to the sites, especially the flourishing tourism industries by the local communities as well as the tourism companies. The latter also take part in the management of the heritage site and get most of the income. The data in economic areas is analyzed in this study and explains the cultural tourism as a positive drive for the local economy, which contributes little to the life of locals. With the analysis of the changes and benefits from the tourism, we have found that tourism, as a dominant industry, might be a potential negative element for heritage conservation. According to the different situations of sites in Fujian Tulou, a proper planning of management is in need to integrate the tourism, conservation and development.

The Planning of Rural Public Space Influenced by the Cultural Tourism Industry

With Peitian Village in Fujian Province as the research object, existing problems in architectufe, in＆astfucture, population, industty, and culture were analyzed, and a solution to the combination of cultural tourism industry and. public space planning was proposed. Space planning methods were illustrated to achieve a sustainable cultural tourism industry chain and ecological agricultiiral production model, and landscape design means were discussed to increase economic income while optimizing the living environment.

Sustainable development in tourism management of Danang, Vietnam

As the third largest city of Viemam, Danang is an economic, cultural, social and touristic center in the central region of Vietnam. The city is becoming increasingly popular among both domestic and international tourists. Its novelty natural landscapes, beautiful beach, central location and proximity to world cultural heritage sites are advantages to tourism development. Sustainable development is undoubtedly a significance objective for Danang by 2020. Accordingly, sustainable development concerns have been integrated in all economic policies, tourism management in general, and the environmental aspect in particular. The study reveals a collaboration between the city government and the accommodation businesses in dealing with environmental concems. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to provide a better understanding of the issue in Danang and then offer necessary recommendations for the city government to manage the tourism industry sustainably.

Comparative Analysis of the Spatial-temporal Distribution and Influencing Factors of the Tourism Industry in Three Cities along Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in China

The temporal-spatial pattern of linear cultural heritage in the context of the tourism industry is closely linked to heritage management.Using the 1800 km long Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal as an example,this study compared the dynamic evolution of tourism businesses in Beijing,Liaocheng,and Yangzhou at three time points(2010,2015,and 2019)via nearest neighbor analysis,kernel density estimation,and the standard deviational ellipse.Next,a Geo-detector was used to examine the influencing factors.The results reveal significant growth regardless of the quantity or agglomeration degree from 2010 to 2019,and the direction of industrial expansion is consistent with the flow direction of the canal.Moreover,the explanatory powers of factors related to socioeconomic development and canal resources are obviously stronger than those of the natural environment.The findings of this study offer theoretical constructs and policy recommendations for the sustainable development of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and other linear cultural heritage sites.

中国城市群“文—旅—科”产业融合发展水平攀升规律的定量模拟与验证

在城市群的形成发育过程中,伴随着城市群内部文化、旅游、科技产业资源优化再配置和协同集聚效应的共同作用,城市群“文化—旅游—科技”产业融合发展水平表现为随时间序列呈指数式增长的攀升态势。本文通过对城市群“文—旅—科”产业融合发展水平攀升规律的基本原理进行分析,建立相关数理模型得到几何表达式;继而构建城市群“文—旅—科”产业融合发展的评价指标体系,运用引入时间调整系数改进的耦合协调度模型,计算得到中国城市群及所辖城市的产业融合发展水平并进行时空演化分析;最后使用模拟验证的方法对中国城市群“文—旅—科”产业融合发展水平攀升规律进行拟合验证,探究中国城市群的产业融合发展路径。

“文旅融合”背景下的历史文化类节目叙事模式创新

近年来,沉浸式角色体验节目层出不穷,广受关注,比如沉浸式角色体验类“剧本杀综艺”,从各地区、各城市旅游业出发,挖掘城市文化内涵,聚焦城市旅游发展,进一步拓展了“文化+旅游”产业的边界。历史文化类节目如何从历史角度出发,寻找新的表达方式,创新叙事模式,值得更多思考和探索。

Progress and Prospects in Tourism Research on Agricultural Heritage Sites

Agricultural heritage is an important type of world heritage. The special features of this kind of heritage are that they are “living” or “real life” systems, in both the ecosystem and in the cultural sense. So, agricultural heritage needs to be conserved in a special way. In a well-reasoned approach to dynamic conservation of agricultural heritage, careful development of heritage sites can realize greater sustainability of the traditional agriculture by considering both conservation and development though tourism. This paper examines the Global Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS） as designated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO） and listed by United Nations Educational, Scientiifc and Cultural Organization （UNESCO） as agricultural heritages sites. Currently, the research in China focuses on tourism resources evaluation and development, production design and marketing, tourism perception and the impacts of tourism development and so forth. There is less emphasis on research about benefit sharing of heritage tourism evolution mechanisms, environmental impacts of agricultural heritage tourism and study methods which should be analyzed in-depth, so as to iluminate the theories and practices of development in a living landscape.

The Role of Multi-functionality of Agriculture in Sustainable Tourism Development in Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Sites in China

Population growth,loss of biodiversity,and climate change necessitate a new vision for the future of both agriculture and biodiversity.In order to safeguard and support the world＇s agricultural heritage systems,in 2002 the FAO started an initiative for the conservation and adaptive management called Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS）.Tourism is suggested as part of the future as it is considered to be an alternative income source that will not only promote local economic development,but also provide the opportunity for tourists to learn about agriculture and ecology.However,inappropriate tourism in GIAHS sites will bring impacts on local culture and living styles,which not only threatens tourism＇s sustainable development,but also has the potential to damage these unique agricultural systems.This paper proposes that agriculture-based tourism is suitable for GIAHS and that Multi-functionality of Agriculture （MFA） can be the link between agriculture and tourism.This study constructs the framework for tourism development in GIAHS through MFA and applies it to the four GIAHS sites in China.Referring to the quantitative assessment for MFA and a qualitative analysis of the relationship between agriculture and tourism,we can give advice on agricultural tourism development in GIAHS sites.This framework also offers a universal methodology that allows stakeholders to communicate about the multiple functions of GIAHS across scales.

Community Perspective to Agricultural Heritage Conservation and Tourism Development

The rich biodiversity and cultural patterns of agricultural heritage sites are preserved unconsciously in the traditional way of life of local communities.They are also attractive resources for tourism development,which supports the conservation of agricultural heritage systems （AHS） while providing benefits for local communities.As a typical case study,a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System （GIAHS） site with a Rice-Fish-Duck agricultural system （RFDS） in Congjiang County of South West China is introduced to illustrate the community approach to agricultural heritage conservation and sustainable tourism development.The concept of a community approach to agricultural heritage is dynamic both in terms of conservation and livelihood adaptation.Six elements in the concept model and their relationship were analyzed.The community is the core element and the other five are：local community identity,livelihoods,local sustainable tourism development,the farming system,biodiversity and cultural patterns in the site.All are interconnected and thus support the agricultural heritage conservation of agricultural heritage and the development of sustainable tourism in the heritage sites.

A Study of Agri-Cultural Heritage Tourism Impacts Based on Residents' Perception: Taking the Longji Terrace Site in Guilin as an Example

Most agro-cultural heritage tourism is community-based,for which the residents＇attitudes towards tourism development are of crucial importance.Taking Ping＇an Village as an example,the rice-terraced agro-cultural heritage in Guangxi,this study has probed into the interaction between the residents＇perception of the culture change because of tourism development and the tourism development itself by using a field investigation method and statistical analysis.The field investigation has been employed to make the research more comprehensive.By applying exploratory factor analysis,four significant tourism perceptions have been found.They are environment perception,relationship perception,benefits perception and rights perception.Based on the factor analysis,the research undertakes statistical analysis upon resident samples of different groups by means of Pearson correlation coefficient,independent samples t-test and analysis of variance.The results show that although there exists different views from different residents,in general he residents hold a positive attitude towards developing heritage tourism.However,some existing problems such as environmental pollution,cultural reconstruction,the absence of residents＇rights and unreasonable income distribution have seriously restricted the development of heritage tourism,which is specifically embodied in the following four points.Firstly,residents are discontented with the environmental pollution in the area.Residents＇attitude towards future tourism development reflects a high correlation with positive perceptions of the village community.Secondly,residents are satisfied with community relationships after tourism has developed.The degree of satisfaction is relatively high for those who are not operating tourism,but low for families with poor annual tourism income.Thirdly,residents are dissatisfied with the distribution of income＇from tourism.Families with relatively high annual tourism income show a lower degree of satisfaction.Fourthly,residents are not satisfied with their lack of rights in decision-making,in community participation and in tourism development.Residents who are educated to the secondary level show the highest degree of satisfaction in decision-making authority.Finally,some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions have been put forward to resolve the problems existing in the process of tourism development.

Sustainable or Not?Tourism Development in Agricultural Heritage Sites

Tourism is often considered as one of the dynamic conservation and adaptive management approaches in Agricultural Heritage Sites.It has been over 15 years since the GIAHS programme was initiated in China,and tourism developed quickly in the Agricultural Heritage Sites,to some extent because many researchers consider tourism as a significant engine of the local economy.However,this is contrary to the original intention of agricultural heritage tourism as it was proposed in the first place.Apparently,there are some overt problems during the tourism development process,which are mainly as follows:Some threats to Agricultural Heritage Systems are ubiquitous;The tourism development mode in Agricultural Heritage Sites is questionable;Community involvement is difficult to implement;And the negative environmental impacts are easy to overlook.Under the context of global development,the UNWTO sustainable tourism criteria provide some guidance for agricultural heritage tourism.Based on the Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria,combined with previous survey experiences and related researches,this paper analyzes the tourism sustainability of all the 15 GIAHS sites in China,and explores the current sustainable tourism development level.On this basis,an agricultural heritage sustainable tourism development framework was built in an attempt to find the road to sustainability for agricultural heritage tourism.The framework in the global and local contexts is trying to connect all the important elements related to agricultural heritage tourism according to the UNWTO sustainable tourism criteria.

Progresses and Perspectives of the Resource Evaluation Related to Agri-cultural Heritage Tourism

The scientific evaluation of tourism resources is not only an important prerequisite for the development of agri-cultural heritage tourism(AHT),but it can also promote the conservation and management of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS).With the goal of providing scientific support for the sustainable management of tourism resources,this review systematically analyzes the overall situation,research regions,developmental timeline trends,key fields and hot topics of resource evaluation research related to AHT over 2005–2020.With a comprehensive perspective that incorporates both traditional literature review and quantitative literature review,the study revealed four important aspects of AHT research.(1)Relevant articles could be divided into two phases,a development-oriented period(2005–2012)and a conservation-oriented period(2013–2020).(2)GIAHS accounts for the absolute majority(about 66.7%)of relevant studies.In particular,Longji Terraces System,Hani terraces system and Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System were the research hotspots IAHS,and Yunnan,Zhejiang and Guangxi were the research hotspot provinces.(3)Terraced landscapes and tea culture were the most popular themes in tourism resource evaluation,while sports tourism,tea culture tourism and study tours are becoming the new trends in IAHS sites.(4)Research methods have undergone a shift from qualitative to quantitative approaches,and a combination of these two in an interdisciplinary manner is becoming a new research trend.By reviewing and prospecting the relevant literature,this study not only makes a unique contribution to the tourism resource evaluation of IAHS,but also helps to enrich the relevant evaluation theories and further promote the sustainable development of heritage tourism from theoretical and methodological perspectives.