“文化产业化”：民俗旅游发展的现代性思考

在全球化背景下，由于文化工业生产理念的侵入，导致非理性的民俗旅游产品开发泛滥成灾。基于对这种现象的反思。提出民俗旅游与“文化产业化”理念的结合，试图通过理论和实证的分析，说明其建构的意义。并通过构建社区参与的一体化开发模式．以提升“文化自觉”意识。

现代性语境中民俗旅游发展道路的探索

近年来,民俗旅游成为旅游深层次开发的热点之一,各地民俗旅游活动项目如火如荼的展开。但在全球化背景下,由于文化工业生产理念的侵入,导致非理性的民俗旅游产品开发泛滥成灾。基于对这种现象的反思,提出民俗旅游与"文化产业化"理念的结合,试图通过理论和实证的分析,说明其建构的意义。并通过构建社区参与的一体化开发模式,以提升"文化自觉"意识。民俗旅游以文化取向的发展形态正是民俗旅游与"文化产业化"结合产生的可能结果。它将改变单一的经济利益的追逐,通过独具匠心的创意而更多地赋予旅游业娱乐、文化、教育的功能,良性互动的联动效应将改善旅游地的产业结构,繁荣地方经济的同时弘扬本土文化。

The role of cultural and creative industries in optimizing industrial structure under low-carbon emission constraint

In the post-financial crisis era,China is facing dual pressure from reducing carbon emissions and external demand stagnation.The industrial structure changing is in urgent needs.The cultural and creative industries can expand China's markets through creating and stimulating demands,and can reduce carbon emissions at the same time.By producing both demands and supplies,cultural and creative industries may lead the development of other industries.Since innovation plays a quite important role in the value chain,cultural and creative industries can promote the industrial upgrading and the industrial structure optimization by industrial convergence.

Fundamental Character of Anti-Japanese War Cultural Activity

Anti-Japanese War Cultural Activity is the cultural activity full of gunpowder. It is based on the politics, taking the crowed as the object, taking the criticism as the weapon, changing with the times. It hasthe significance of milestone of national cultural activity.

Inheritance and applications of Qu River Arts in Culture Village construction

Many scientific and irrational factors exist in the cultural development of the country, in the current housing reconstruction project in the village, residential style, building materials, and architectural culture are not conducive to the Wa architectural culture, history, culture and home and other cultural heritage＇ s protection and development, there is lack of integrity, long-term, historical, cultural, ethnic, heritage qualities and so on. Increased emphasis is on the development of national culture, implementing the development of a good culture, protection, inheritance. Development of national culture is a broad and urgent and we need to address issues that require more in-depth study of scholars and experts, and play to their strengths to further increase the cultural industry development.

Research on the Cross Cultural Communication of TV Dance Show： Taking So You Think You Can Dance as the Example

In today’s global integration, TV dance talent show has gradually developed into a cultural industry, the trend of cross-cultural communication more and more significant. In this paper, Shanghai Oriental TV’s “ So You Think You Can Dance “ as the object of study, through the interpretation of the connotation of cross-cultural communication to analyze TV dance show across national boundaries. The entertainment dissemination form, the honorable person show dissemination charm and the audience participation the propagation effect three aspects analyze the television to dance choose the show program trans-culture dissemination the characteristic, then proposed that we must restructure the television to dance chooses the show program trans-culture dissemination the shape to need to pay great attention to cultural the compatibility, the dissemination mark innovation as well as the innovation proliferation.

The openness of cultural industries： what can China learn from other countries

This study aims to raise policy suggestions to China＇ s openness in cultural industries by doing cross-country comparison. Due to the dual attributes of cultural industries, the openness of cultural industries has demonstrated special features globally. To promote the development of China＇ s cultural industries, the effort should be paid to transfer culture resources into cultural products, to distinguish the responsibility of government and market, to integrate the value chain, to diversify revenue sources and to foster open environment.

Current Development Condition and Prospect of Chinese Music Culture

The development of music culture industry is presented with diverse structure, which arises from that the value of music culture has been repositioned under the condition of socialist market economy. On ontology research, music culture industry is mainly for integrating and connecting the development system of music itself, and as mentioned before, the related scope is only limited to these inner factors. Actually. the purpose of music culture industry is not the product of subjective conjecture, and it all realistic foundations and clues will be found out in the running law of market economy and culture. It is easy to discover that the influence of culture industrialization era is really strong, and the establishment of knowledge-based economy requires art circulation and relevant modes. On another level, the current development condition of music culture also catches our attention.

Influence on Sport Industry from Traditional Chinese sport＇s Application for the Status of National Intangible Cultural Heritage

Traditional Chinese sport conveys China＇s millenniums＇ culture, which can be taken as symbol of China＇s culture. Therefore, the application for the status of national intangible cultural heritage becomes unavoidable. No matter it will be successful or not, the process will boost its industry. This paper argued its push to traditional Chinese sport industry from the point of traveling, sporting goods, culture industry and entertainment and relaxation.

Construction of Network Legal Supervision Mode With Chinese Characteristics

Localizing network legal supervision based on national conditions, legal traditions and the needs of economic and political development is the basis to manage and administrate the network by law. Adjusted to media convergence and the needs of network cultural industry development, China has made the lawmaking of media transform from practical service oriented management to functional oriented management of media. This strategy aims to prevent network medium risk effectively according to network communication regularity.

The study of folk culture and creative industry development strategy in Hebei

Hebei province is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, it is one of the birthplace of the Chinese nation. Its superior natural conditions gave birth to the rich and colorful folk culture. In the trend of rapid development of modem economy, more and more people are aware of the important position in the cultural construction and huge potential about the folk culture. But as the result of the modem cultural development faster and faster, many folk culture has been neglected, even under the modem culture.

The Integrated Development of China's Industrial and Ecological Civilization:Paths and Policy Options

Judging by the general pattern of human civilization, ecological civilization is not a simple negation of industrial civilization. Given China＇s unique national conditions and uneven process of industrialization, it is inappropriate to separate eeological civilization from industrial civilization. Instead, government should identify the common ground between industrial civilization and ecological civilization, fully utilize material wealth, technology means and organizational system of industrial civilization of the world, leave the freedom of imagination and practices for creating the new-type industrial civilization to businesses and the public, continuously strengthen the material foundation of China＇s ecological civilization, with a view to supporting the development of ecological civilization with high-quality real economy and achieving the integrated development of industrial civilization and ecological civilization while expediting the new-type industrialization and delivering the benefits of industrialization to 1.3 billion Chinese people.

China’s Ecological Agriculture: Progress and Perspectives

Agriculture is the basis of national economy. Through science and technology and the intensive utilization of land, great achievements have been made in agriculture. However, some agro-ecological and environmental problems are rising. Because of this, people have begun to reflect on agricultural developmental policy, patterns and technologies, and put forward new thoughts for agricultural development. In the late 20th century, China’s ecologists and agronomists co-sponsored the concept of ecological agriculture with Chinese characteristics. Its essence includes a series of concepts such as integration, coordination, circulation and regeneration within agroecosystems or within systems of agriculture production, processing and marketing. After nearly 30 years of practice and development, ecological agriculture in China has achieved remarkable outcomes. However, current eco-agriculture development is unsatisfactory due to the following two factors： （i） A lack of research and accounting across a variety of agro-ecosystem service functions; （ii） It is difficult to obtain remarkable economic benefits because of the lack of market-oriented guidance, scale management, specialized production and brand popularization for the traditional autarkic peasant economy. In order to further promote the development of ecological agriculture it is necessary to engage in serious reflection on ecological agriculture in China and arrive at new understandings about circular economy, multifunctional agriculture, high-quality agriculture, industrial development, integration of the traditional essence and modern technology, and finally, the sustainable development of rural areas.

Typical Water-land Utilization GIAHS in Low-lying Areas:The Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem Example in China

Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem is a raised ifeld agriculture system with typical water-land utilization. It was identiifed as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems （GIAHS） site by FAO in April 2014. Based on a literature review and ifeld investigations, we analyzed the history and development, structure and characteristics, functions and values of the Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem in this research. The system has a long history, rich biodiversity, important ecosystem services, traditional adapted agricultural technologies and a folk culture. Altogether, these features form an attractive landscape created by its special water-land utilization. It also has great importance for the livelihood maintenance of the local people. However, the inheritance and conservation effort of Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem is facing great threats from modern agriculture, urbanization and labor loss. This paper wil provide insight into the Xinghua Duotian Agrosystem, and provide scientiifc support for the conservation and development of this special system. It will also provide a good example for similar areas in China and worldwide.

Values and Conservation of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System as a GIAHS Site

Agri-cultural Heritage Systems（AHS） have not only various values but also important enlightening roles for modern agriculture.With agro-scientific and technological progress,the traditional agriculture that has lasted for thousands of years is declining gradually,thus is attached the importance of exploring and protecting our AHS.As a traditional agricultural system for 1300 years,the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System（HHRTS） has many significant characteristics such as beautiful landscapes,distinctive rice varieties,ecologically clean agricultural production systems,systematic methods of managing water and soil and special ethnic culture.It was designated successively as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System（GIAHS） in 2010 and as a World Heritage（WH） in 2013.In this paper,taking HHRTS as an example,we analyzed the economic,ecological,aesthetic,cultural,and social values,as well as the research values,of the GIAHS.We conclude that the restrictions on increasing peasant earnings and improving their living standards are difficult with the low efficiency of traditional planting patterns and the single-industry structure of farming in rugged terrain.However,these restrictive factors are beneficial for developing some industries like green agriculture,organic agriculture or ecological food production because of the clean farmland environment.In the end,we propose the basic approaches to protect the Hani terraces agriculture system should include the local governments to encourage the development of ecotourism,organic agriculture and featuring agriculture by multi-mode economic compensation.It is very important for protecting terraces to coordinate benefits among corporations,governments and villagers by making reasonable policies of compensation.

Agri-cultural Heritage:An Interdisciplinary Field with Development Prospects

Traditional agricultural heritage research has a very long history.Programme on"The conservation and adaptive management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)"initiative launched by FAO in 2002,aimed at not only preserving agricultural heritage system,but also applying the principle of dynamic conservation to promote rural development to benefit local community,to assure food security and maintaining the ecosystem.Since then,many more scientists have been enrolled in the new field focusing on the function and value,application and management,conservation and development and other aspects of these traditional agricultural systems which facilitate an emerging cross-discipline.In this paper,based on the concepts and characteristics of GIAHS and China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(China-NIAHS),the author specifies that Agri-cultural Heritage is a compound heritage that integrates the characteristics of natural,cultural and intangible cultural heritage,and a typical social-economic-natural complex ecosystem composed of economic,biological,technological,cultural and landscape components.For their conservation and development,the joint efforts of scientists from economics,ecology,geography,history,management sciences,culturology,ethnology,sociology and other subjects are needed.Based on progresses studies and perspectives of the field,the author felt that although a good start of the research on Agri-cultural Heritage has been made,there is still much room for development which show a steady growth trend and suggested 32 priority areas in research;a new subject of Agroheritology could emerge in the near future.

The Concept, Connotation and Significance of Cultural Keystone Species in Agricultural Heritage Systems

As a new type of heritage, Agricultural Heritage Systems(AHS), represented by Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) designated by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)and Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(NIAHS) designated by some countries’ Ministry of Agriculture, are typical Social-Ecological Systems(SES), which usually are rich in biodiversity, traditional knowledge,resource utilization technology and outstanding cultural landscapes. Cultural Keystone Species(CKS) are defined as the culturally salient species that shape the cultural identity of a people in a major way. CKS can be used as a prominent tool for the synergistic conservation of SES biology and culture, and to promote the overall enhancement of system functions. This paper summarizes a review of the definition of the CKS and its application in SES conservation. According to the characteristics and protection needs of AHS, this paper defined the CKS in AHS as:“Composites of biological resources and cultural practices, which have a significant impact on the stability of local society and culture systems, contribute to the achievement of AHS’ conservation goals.” Based on this definition,we analyzed the significance of the identification of CKS in AHS. First of all, CKS help to quickly identify the key elements of AHS. Secondly, CKS can promote community participation in the conservation and development of AHS. In addition, the identification of CKS has a significant role in food and livelihood security, biodiversity conservation, traditional knowledge and technology transmission, social organization maintenance, and cultural landscape maintenance in AHS, which helps to achieve the conservation goals of GIAHS and/or NIAHS.

Conservation of Korean Rural Heritage through the Use of Ecomuseums

Rural heritage that involves agricultural heritage could be critical to enhancing community identity through a conservational approach.The purpose of this research is to develop conservational methods for rural heritage that include agricultural heritage areas through the use of ecomuseums.To conduct the research,we first reviewed the concepts of ecomuseum and rural heritage.Secondly,we defined the concept of the Korean rural ecomuseum by taking into consideration the concept defined by Riviere,Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（GIAHS）,the rural heritage policy of Europe,and the agricultural heritage systems of Korea.Thirdly,we also describe methods that are applicable to Korean rural ecomuseums,which include type classification and components.Finally,we applied the ecomuseum concept to two pilot models in the Cheongsando and Gurae areas,both Korea Important Agricultural Heritage System（KIAHS） sites.We conclude that it is desirable to expand the range of targets for conservation from agricultural heritage to rural heritage areas.From this point of view,the rural ecomuseum can be a highly valuable tool that can help preserve agricultural heritage sites and neighboring areas.Furthermore,the ecomuseum can enhance community identities,and strengthen local economies.

Conservation of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems in the Economically Developed Area:Experiences,Problems and Solutions——A Case Study of Zhejiang Province

Zhejiang Province,located in the Yangtze River Delta region,is representative of China’s economically developed areas.It enjoys superior natural conditions and a long history of agriculture,and is a comprehensive agricultural area with integrated development of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery.It has nurtured the farming culture represented by Hemudu culture and Liangzhu culture,which have given rise to numerous precious Agricultural Heritage Systems.At present,Zhejiang Province has three of the world’s Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)and 12 China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(China-NIAHS),so it not only has the largest number of heritages in China,but it has also attained remarkable achievements in heritage conservation.Taking Zhejiang Province as an example in combination with the rural revitalization strategy,this paper summarizes the achievements in the protection of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)in Zhejiang Province during the past 15 years from the aspects of increasing farmers’income,cultural Inheritance and industrial upgrading,as well as the conservation experiences in government promotion,community initiative,enterprise participation,technology driving and social linkage.Further,in view of the problems that exist in the current heritage protection,such as imperfect management of heritage sites,low participation of community residents,lack of special protection funds,and imperfect provincial management system,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:(1)Improve the management mechanism for the conservation and development of Agricultural Heritage Systems;(2)Develop regional public branding of agricultural products in Agricultural Heritage System sites;(3)Increase the Agricultural Heritage System science education as well as cultural and creative product development;(4)Carry out the evaluation and recognition of IAHS at the provincial level;and(5)Provide substantial support and input to the conservation and utilization of IAHS.This study can provide some guidance for the conservation of IAHS in Zhejiang Province and it provides important reference for IAHS in the economically developed areas in China.

The Significance of Traditional Culture for Agricultural Biodiversity——Experiences from GIAHS

Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural,economic,and environmental aspects,and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change.Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components within them can help conserve the agricultural biodiversity and traditional agricultural culture of the whole country.This study considered Ifugao Rice Terraces,Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System,and Hani Rice Terraces System as three examples which show that traditional culture can be used to protect agricultural biodiversity,while as a carrier of traditional culture,agricultural biodiversity also conveys and protects the traditional culture of the nation.According to the analyses,through several years of efforts,the status of agricultural biodiversity and traditional culture in them has improved.Then,to further promote agricultural biodiversity conservation and traditional culture protection,several suggestions are made,such as establishing community seed banks;documenting and preserving traditional farming methods,techniques,and tools and developing participatory activities which encourage more farmers to participate in the protection work.