“文化中国”是否及如何可能——“五大理念”语境下当代中国发展的价值逻辑与实践超越

在"新全球化"与"后全球化"复调叙事时代,作为表征和分析当代中国的一个理论范式(时代范式),"文化中国"业已成为"唱响中国"的世界性命题,其实质则是面向中国立场和全球视野的当代"中国形象"与"更美好世界"之包容审视与互动赋值。其难点更在于如何精当把握从而真正提炼人类文明演进机制之"世界的中国文化期待与中国的世界文化责任"以及"五大发展理念"语境下,中国文化实践主体——"国家理性"重建所提供的新意和劲道。在学理层面,尽管文化中国孕育着超越以往文化本质主义或激进建构主义之"中国性"神话镜像,彰显新时代文化理应禀赋的"新中国性"伟力之双重企向,但其客观普遍性品质依然值得怀疑;在实践上,纵然文化中国这座鼓噪与怂恿的"围城"只是一个理论近似值,在现实中可能无法精确实现,但完全可以依托其展现给我们的美好愿景厘定合宜的方法论原则,并由此在实践中逼近建制。

“文化中国”的理论攀升、现场拷问与实践建制

在"世界的中国文化期待与中国的世界文化责任"以及"五大发展理念"语境下,"文化中国"业已成为"唱响中国"的世界性命题。其实质在于面向中国立场和全球视野的当代"中国形象"与"更美好世界"之包容审视与互动赋值;其难点在于如何把握从而提炼中国文化实践主体——"国家理性"重建所提供的新意和劲道。在学理层面,尽管文化中国孕育着超越以往文化本质主义或激进建构主义之"中国性"神话企向,但其客观普遍性品质依然值得怀疑;在实践上,纵然文化中国只是一个理论近似值,但完全可以依托其展现给我们的美好愿景厘定合宜的方法论原则,并由以在实践中逼近建制。

Climate Change and Its Effects on Runoff of Kaidu River, Xinjiang, China:A Multiple Time-scale Analysis

This paper applied an integrated method combining grey relation analysis, wavelet analysis and statistical analysis to study climate change and its effects on runoff of the Kaidu River at multi-time scales. Major findings are as follows: 1) Climatic factors were ranked in the order of importance to annual runoff as average annual temperature, average temperature in autumn, average temperature in winter, annual precipitation, precipitation in flood season, average temperature in summer, and average temperature in spring. The average annual temperature and annual precipi- tation were selected as the two representative factors that impact the annual runoff. 2) From the 32-year time scale, the annual runoff and the average annual temperature presented a significantly rising trend, whereas the annual precipita- tion showed little increase over the period of 1957-2002. By changing the time scale from 32-year to 4-year, we ob- served nonlinear trends with increasingly obvious oscillations for annual runoff, average annual temperature, and annual precipitation. 3) The changes of the runoff and the regional climate are closely related, indicating that the runoff change is the result of the regional climate changes. With time scales ranging from 32-year, 16-year, 8-year and to 4-year, there are highly significant linear correlations between the annual runoff and the average annual temperature and the annual precipitation.

Economic Vulnerability of Mining City——A Case Study of Fuxin City,Liaoning Province,China

The economic system of mining city is of typical vulnerability characteristics that can be manifested by its high economic sensitivity and lack of response capacity to the gradual depletion of regional mineral resources. Taking Fuxin City of Liaoning Province as a case, this paper established an economic vulnerability assessment method integrating BP neural network with vulnerability index, then carried out an economic vulnerability assessment of Fuxin during 1989-2006. The results indicate that: 1) Affected by the gradual depletion of regional mineral resources, the economic development of Fuxin had kept high economic sensitivity from 1995 to 2001, and the response capacity to cope with and adapt to the impacts of the perturbation of mineral resources was weak and relatively lag. The evolution of economic vulnerability can be divided into three stages: in 1989-1994, the economic vulnerability of Fuxin City decreased slowly; in 1995-2001, the beginning stage of economic transformation, the economic vulnerability of Fuxin City went up rapidly; in 2002-2006, the economic vulnerability of Fuxin City descended and showed a trend to be stable. 2) The influence of economic sensitivity on Fuxin′s economic vulnerability is more evident than that of response capacity. 3) The decreasing supply of mineral resources and the simple industrial structure are main factors leading to the economic sensitivity of Fuxin. 4) The improvement of economic response capacity of Fuxin has typical characteristics of input-driven growth, and external assistance is of great importance to the rapid improvement of economic response capacity of Fuxin. And 5) the change from the simple industrial structure to diversified one of Fuxin is still unaccomplished, and the contribution of non-coal-based industry to local economic development is relatively limited.

Characteristics and Development Modes of Standardization forChina's National High-Tech Zones:A Review

Indigenous innovation focused on the development of technical standards has become the core of China's innovation policy,since China released the "Outline of the National Program for Longand Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development (2006-2020)" in 2006.Meanwhile,standardization issues are greatly emphasized by high-tech zones which serve as the major carriers of national economic growth as well as innovation clusters in the context of fast-growing international standardization.By means of the effective guide of the government,the standardization of high-tech zones in China now presents a wide range of operating modes.Specifically,they can be divided predominantly into the government promotion mode,the alliance collaboration mode,the research-standard-industry linkage mode,and the talent training mode,in terms of the main body of work and influence factors.

Mechanical characteristics of intact Middle Pleistocene Epoch loess in northwestern China

In order to research the mechanical characteristics of intact Middle Pleistocene Epoch loess, triaxial shear tests and isotonic compression test of intact Middle Pleistocene Epoch loess were conducted by improved SJ-IA triaxial shear equipment. According to test results, it can be found that the intact Middle Pleistocene Epoch loess has the properties of shear dilatancy and shear shrinkage. With the increase of confining pressure, stress-strain curve develops from softening to hardening. The failure mode of intact Middle Pleistocene Epoch loess is shear failure with the rupture angle between 55° and 61°. And it is better to determine the yield stress （py, qy） of the intact loess under different confining pressures by using the εv-q/p curve. Along with the increase of confining pressure, yield deviatoric stress qy and yield spherical stress py present logarithmic relationship. Besides, the strength parameters, elastic modulus K and G of intact loess, are obtained, which are benefit for loess projects design.

Isolation and characterization of acidophilic bacterium from Dongxiangshan Mine in Xinjiang Province, China

One bioleaching bacterium, named as strain DXS, was isolated from acid mine drainages （AMDs） of Dongxiangshan Mine of Hami, Xinjiang Province, China. The strain DXS is gram-negative and rod-shaped with a size of （0.40±0.05） μm x （1.3±0.5） μm. The optimal temperature and pH for growth are 30 ℃ and pH 2.0, respectively. It can grow autotrophically by using ferrous iron, elemental sulfur and NaS203 as sole energy sources. In the phylogenetic tree, strain DXS has similarity with Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans type strain ATCC 23270 with 99.57% sequence similarity. The cloning and sequencing of Iro protein gene （iro） and tetrathionate hydrolase gene （tth） reveal that strain DXS is completely identical in iro gene sequence to A. ferrooxidans LY （DQ166841）, and almost identical in tth gene sequene to .4. ferrooxidans （AB259312） （only two nucleotides change）. The bioleaching experiments of marmatite and pyrite reveal that the leached zinc and iron concentrations reach 3.01 g/L and 2.75 g/L, respectively. The strain has a well potential application in industry bioleaching.

Metabolic and Phylogenetic Profile of Bacterial Community in Guishan Coastal Water(Pearl River Estuary), South China Sea

Characteristics of a microbial community are important as they indicate the status of aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the metabolic and phylogenetic profile of the bacterioplankton community in Guishan coastal water(Pearl River Estuary), South China Sea, at 12 sites(S1–S12) were explored by community-level physiological profiling(CLPP) with BIOLOG Eco-plate and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE). Our results showed that the core mariculture area(S6, S7 and S8) and the sites associating with human activity and sewage discharge(S11 and S12) had higher microbial metabolic capability and bacterial community diversity than others(S1–5, S9–10). Especially, the diversity index of S11 and S12 calculated from both CLPP and DGGE data(H >3.2) was higher than that of others as sewage discharge may increase water nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient. The bacterial community structure of S6, S8, S11 and S12 was greatly influenced by total phosphorous, salinity and total nitrogen. Based on DGGE fingerprinting, proteobacteria, especially γ- and α-proteobacteria, were found dominant at all sites. In conclusion, the aquaculture area and wharf had high microbial metabolic capability. The structure and composition of bacterial community were closely related to the level of phosphorus, salinity and nitrogen.

Innovation in China： Evidence From the Provincial Data

China has made remarkable gains in industrialization and development. In the last years, in order to ensure the sustainability of its economic and social development, China gave more importance to the innovativeness of business enterprises. In the domestic arena, the sustainability of the growth model that China has followed over the past decades has been criticized because of its excessive reliance on capital and resources as opposed to knowledge and innovation. In 2006, that transformation has been at the centre of the government＇s ＂scientific development strategy＂. Today, in fact, innovation and promotion of entrepreneurship are essential conditions for competitiveness of firms and nations, for the long-term growth and, therefore, for the economy as a whole. This paper investigates the level of potential innovation reached in China in 2008 through a disaggregated analysis, evaluating the production capacity of the Chinese provinces. ＂Innovation＂ has been widely studied by economic literature, specially with reference to the output. In this paper, we will refer to the European Innovation Scoreboard （EIS） index, to measure the progress of innovation, which represents the skill to innovate of a territory, but not the achieved innovation. First, we will propose some methodological changes of this method, that allows to obtained a ranking, in order to better understand the results reached by the Chinese provinces; Then we will test a different methodology in order to measure the level of potential innovation overcoming the limits of current practice--from a composite index obtained through a mean of disaggregated indices to multivariate analysis.

A Critical Analysis of CCTV News Crossover Discourse

The discourse we would like to go over and analyze is an episode of crossover. Crossover is a popular program of the international channel of CCTV （Chinese central television） news, which is broadcasted in English. In this paper, one of these topics, law of marriage is selected for our analysis, in which the interlocutors intend to discuss about the debate among people towards the new addition of marriage law. Corresponding to the development of every aspects of Chinese society, people＇s ideology, mindsets, and attitudes towards marriage are constantly changing; consequently, some traditional values are collapsed. Therefore, it is of great significance to have an insight into the ongoing changes of peoples＇ value towards marriage. The participants of this discourse cooperate very well to carry on their conversation in a very interesting way in a broadcast studio. This paper will primarily cover textual analysis, context analysis, and make a clear comparison from other genres of discourse to highlight its characteristics.

Strategies for enhancing economic growth and ecological sustainability in Xinjiang province, China

In arid regions, fragile ecological environment is an obstacle to economic development; an efficient pattern of eco-economic development could be sought from different strategies in such regions. China＇s Xinjiang province is the most typical arid region in the world, in fact, contradiction among ecological issue and economic development is intense. In this paper, the natural resource condition, social and economic developments are analyzed in Xinjiang province, with emphasis on the economic development stages underpinned by resource superiority after the economic reform era. We argue that： Xinjiang＇s economic development was determined comprehensively by geography, ecological resources, and human activity; however to explore a new development pattern with lower dependence on ecological resources, lower cost, more protection to the environment, higher value added and levels of science and technology and knowledge is a key challenge for future economic development. Based on the comparison between past and present, Green strategies should be exclusively chosen for eco-economic development due to the pressure on ecological resources, and the sustainable developmental green strategies include： ecology stratagem, trade stratagem, structure adjustment stratagem, capital stratagem, human resources stratagem. The key challenge is to provide supportive policy and instructional environment to foster such strategies.

Marketing as Innovation Strategy in Non Profit Sector in China： The Network of Influence ＂Guanxi＂

In a globalized world, not only the business market is overlapped but also marketing models take shape within economic systems. While there has been a proliferation in the implementation of marketing in the private sector, this paper provides a useful entry point for the understanding role of marketing within the nonprofit sector focused on China, the second worldwide economic power. A number of senior managers and directors from different Non-Governmental Organizations （NGOs） were interviewed of what they understood marketing to be and how they considered and implemented marketing within organizational strategy. The findings showed that while marketing was identified as an interesting and influential concept, Chinese nonprofit managers generally had a limited understanding of a marketing theory. The article further discusses reasons behind the dynamic based on personalized networks of influence used and the potential implications for nonprofit entities in China, a sector that plays a very noteworthy role in transformative economies.

Neoproterozoic basic magmatism in the southeast margin of North China Craton:Evidence from whole-rock geochemistry,U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of zircons from diabase swarms in the Xuzhou-Huaibei area of China

This paper presents a synthetic U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of zircons and a whole-rock geochemical study on diabase swarms that were emplaced into the Proterozoic formations in the Xuzhou-Huaibei area,the southeast margin of North China Craton.Zircons from the diabase dykes display weak oscillatory zoning in the cathodoluminescence(CL) images and show high Th/U ratios(0.91-6.90),both of which are typical of a magmatic origin.The SHRIMP and Q-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon dating results indicate that the diabase swarms were emplaced at ca.890 Ma.Hf isotopic analysis on these zircons gives Hf(t) values ranging from 2.26 to 14.74 and Hf model age t DM1 and t DM2 ranging from 843 to 1321 Ma and from 808 to 1779 Ma,respectively.Geochemically,the diabase swarms are characterized by a relative enrichment in LREE and LILE(Rb,Ba and La),a comparative enrichment in Cr and Ni,but a slight depletement in HFSE(Th,Nb,Ta,Zr and Hf).They are plotted in the within-plate tholeiite series on the tectonic discrimination diagrams.Taken together,these geochemical and isotopic data suggest that the primary magmas to form the diabase dykes in the Xuzhou-Huaibei area could have been derived from a transitional mantle in the Mesoproterozoic,and were most probably emplaced under a continental margin extensional setting at ca.890 Ma.The results of this study demonstrate that the Neoproterozoic(800-900 Ma)magmatism was not restricted to the Yangtze Block,but also occurred at the southeast margin of the North China Craton.

New progress in the Holocene climate and agriculture research in China

Global climate change and its possible ecological consequences have become the focused issue(IPCC,2007;Mann et al.,2008;Ding et al.,2009).The Holocene contains the analogous characteristic of future climatic change and the continuous agriculture activity,providing the ideal"similar pattern"for studying the climate change and human adaption and impact in the future.Based on the recent studies of stalagmite,ice core,ocean,and lake etc.,the paper introduces the new progress in the Holocene climate and agriculture research in China as follows:(1)Discuss the variability,amplitude,and unstable characteristic of climate,as well as the abrupt events and mechanisms of climate.(2)Analyze the botanical index records for studying the early agriculture.(3)Review the agricultural origin,expanding,and development.(4)Reveal the style and intensity of early agriculture and understand the agricultural impact and adaption to the environmental changes.(5)Introduce ongoing research projects in China and emphasize the significance of increasing the dating precision and the indicative effectiveness of proxies.(6)Realize how the ecosystem and environmental factors respond to the increasing temperature process,understand how the human adapt to the rapid climate change,and provide the scientific basis for assessing the effects of climate change and the human adaption in the future.

The New Generation of Migrant Workers and Legitimacy Crisis of Local Citizenship in China

This paper uses empirical research conducted in Shanghai to answer these questions： What are the differences between the new generation of migrant workers and the previous generation of migrant workers？ What influence do they have on China＇s politics？ Surveys have shown that the new generation of migrant workers put a greater emphasis on personal space and quality of life. They also have a greater awareness of their individual rights. Additionally, they have a stronger desire to assimilate into the city. The ratio of remittances in relation to income among the new generation of migrant workers has decreased signiflcandy while their local spending has increased. Overall, the new migrant workers demonstrate a stronger tendency towards permanent migration. Local citizenship based on the hukou （household registration ） system is facing a crisis of legitimacy. The unrest among the new generation of migrant workers is a mixture of Marx-type labor unrest and Polanyi-type labor unrest, but the unrest is ultimately directed towards the state. The result will be a rise in the politics of citizenship in China.

SPECIAL ISSUE： GLOBALIZATION AND CONTEMPORARY CHINESE CULTURAL CONSTRUCTION：Contemporary Chinese cultural construction and advanced culture

Advanced Chinese culture today has three interconnected requirements： a） it is an organic component of today＇s advanced world culture; b） it critically absorbs all the best elements of foreign cultures in an organic combination with the best elements of traditional Chinese culture; and c） it transcends the argument over ＂modernism＂ and ＂post-modernism.＂ From a world- historical perspective, all other necessary features of advanced culture in contemporary China represent the logical unfolding of these three requirements. A full and correct grasp of the three elements constituting the world-historicality of this advanced culture is of important methodological significance in clarifying the world-historical mode of the construction of contemporary Chinese culture and the path to cultural innovation.