基于“新冠”肺炎疫情浅谈中医药院校病原生物学与课程思政的有机结合

病原生物学是培养医学生的重要专业课,但目前在中医药院校中开课情况参差不齐。"新冠"肺炎疫情的发生,更加凸显了该课程及其与思政教育的有机结合在医学生培养中的重要性。分析该课程开设的必要性、课程思政的重要性、教学内容与课程思政有效结合的具体措施,为社会培养德才兼备的医学人才提供些许建议。

重大灾难事件中“暖新闻”伦理失范研究——以“新冠”肺炎相关报道为例

当前重大灾难事件报道中,对新闻伦理失范的关注点很少触及以传播正能量为目的的"暖新闻"。因此,本文结合"新冠"肺炎期间具有争议的"暖新闻",发现其存在缺乏人文关怀、过度消费女性及忽视公众情绪的问题,这可能引发负面传播效应、报道框架僵化和假新闻泛滥等问题。"暖新闻"的伦理失范折射出当前社会的伦理困境,本文则为学界和业界的新闻伦理构建提供补充。

基层广播在危机传播中的特征与功能--以“新冠”肺炎防治宣传为例

广播是进行危机传播的重要工具之一,在新型冠状病毒肺炎防治宣传中,基层广播取得了良好的宣传效果。本文从客观条件、传播特征、功能优势三个角度对基层广播在此次危机事件中获得成功的原因进行探析,发现基层广播具有传播内容地域化、传播策略共情化、传播范围扩大化等特征。相较于其他媒介,在危机传播中,基层广播在心灵抚慰、社会动员、舆论引导功能上更具有针对性。在发展上,建议基层广播尽快融入全媒体传播体系建设,联动新媒体,深挖专业领域,赢得媒介市场。

“新冠”肺炎防疫时期的儿童绘本类图书出版研究

本文通过对"新冠"肺炎防疫时期出版的儿童绘本进行分析,梳理出绘本在内容、作者及传播方式上的相关特征,指出在疫情期间,绘本出版活动存在编创团队专业化程度亟待提升、内容质量偏低及宣传能力较弱等问题,并对今后此类绘本出版工作在原创内容创作、作者培养、表现形式及传播方式等方面提出了优化建议。

新冠肺炎疫情防控期间四川设施蔬菜生产管理要点

2020年1~3月是全国上下全力抗击新型冠状肺炎疫情的关键时期,但该时期也是四川设施蔬菜生长关键时期。如何在该时期做到蔬菜生产和疫情防护两不误,本文介绍了该时期四川设施蔬菜生产的管理要点。

基于心理云医院平台的“新冠”疫情心理干预模块的设计及应用

“新冠”疫情带来的影响冲击着每个普通个体的心灵,我们不仅需要身体上的抗疫,也需要心理抗“疫”,为此,现有的心理云医院平台增加了“新冠”肺炎心理干预模块,且进行了专版专栏设计,同时,医院通过信息化手段对公众心理进行宣传援助。文章针对平台功能特点进行了介绍,同时对架构设计及技术特点进行了描述。通过实施效果展示,运用互联网平台对新冠肺炎疫情期间广大市民在心理、精神状态方面出现的危机进行有效干预。

战疫情不畏前行 传播郴州好声音——郴州日报社投身疫情防控阻击战纪实

在防控新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎这场疫情阻击战中,郴州日报社党组一班人带领一线采编人员坚定信心、冲锋在前,把思想和行动统一到党中央、省委、市委决策部署上来,及时有效传播党和政府的声音,提供重要资讯,弘扬正能量,传播好声音,为坚决打赢疫情防控阻击战营造了良好舆论氛围。

Optimal parameterization of COVID-19 epidemic models

At the time of writing,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is seriously threatening human lives and health throughout the world.Many epidemic models have been developed to provide references for decision-making by governments and the World Health Organization.To capture and understand the characteristics of the epidemic trend,parameter optimization algorithms are needed to obtain model parameters.In this study,the authors propose using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm(LMA)to identify epidemic models.This algorithm combines the advantage of the Gauss–Newton method and gradient descent method and has improved the stability of parameters.The authors selected four countries with relatively high numbers of confirmed cases to verify the advantages of the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm over the traditional epidemiological model method.The results show that the Statistical-SIR(Statistical-Susceptible–Infected–Recovered)model using LMA can fit the actual curve of the epidemic well,while the epidemic simulation of the traditional model evolves too fast and the peak value is too high to reflect the real situation.

Anti-fatigue effect from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma:a suggestive and promising treatment for long COVID

Two years after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak,an increasing number of patients continue to suffer from long COVID(LC),persistent symptoms,and/or delayed or long-term complications beyond the initial 4 weeks from the onset of symptoms.Constant fatigue is one of the most common LC symptoms,leading to severely reduced quality of life among patients.Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma—known as the King of Herbs in traditional Chinese medicine—has shown clinical anti-fatigue effects.In this review,we summarize the underlying anti-fatigue mechanisms of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma extracts and their bioactive compounds,with a special focus on anti-viral,immune remodeling,endocrine system regulation,and metabolism,suggesting that Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma is a potentially promising treatment for LC,especially regarding targeting fatigue.

Resilience of nurses at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon

Objective:The study aimed to investigate the level and factors associated with the resilience of nurses practicing at the main COVID-19 referral center in Lebanon.Methods:The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design.Data were collected electronically in the spring of 2020 from 265 nurses.The questionnaire included five sections:demographic characteristics,job satisfaction,turnover intentions,exposure to violence,and resilience levels.Multiple linear regression was used to determine factors associated with resilience.Results:Results showed that the overall score of resilience among nurses was 66.91±13.34.Most nurses were satisfied with their job(67.8%),and most nurses reported that it is unlikely for them to quit their present work in the coming year(76.2%).Over the last year,three-quarters of nurses(74.7%)reported being ever exposed to a form of occupational violence.The resilience of nurses was directly associated with job satisfaction and male gender and inversely associated with intention-to-quit and exposure to violence(P<0.05).Conclusions:Enhancing the resilience of nurses at the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic improves their job satisfaction and retention and would help support the effectiveness and efficiency of care services.Nurse managers can regularly investigate the resilience of nurses and offer interventions that would strengthen it,especially at times of crisis.

Associated factors of professional identity among nursing undergraduates during COVID-19:A cross-sectional study

Objectives Professional identity plays an important role in the long-term development of nurses,and it will change when public health emergency occurs.The objective of this study is to investigate the factors associated with the professional identity of nursing undergraduates in the epidemic of COVID-19.Methods A cross-sectional survey design with convenience sampling was used.A total of 3,875 nursing undergraduates were recruited from seven universities across China from March to April 2020.A general information questionnaire was used to collect students’information,and the Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurse Students was used to survey their professional identity during the early and later stages of the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic.Results The score of professional identity in the later stage(59.49±12.41)was higher than that in the early stage(56.96±12.61).The stepwise regression indicated that several factors were associated with professional identity,including gender,residential area,major,impact of the epidemic on intention to work after graduation,reasons for choosing nursing major and students’scores of professional identity in early stage.Conclusions Nursing educators can utilize the positive impact of responding to public health emergencies to increase the professional identity of students.Meanwhile,educators should give those students with lower professional identity more targeted education to cultivate their professional identity after the occurrence of public health emergencies.

A reflection on the anti-epidemic response of COVID-19 from the perspective of disaster management

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)shocked the world as it spread rapidly from continent to continent,and finally,it became a pandemic resulting in many infected patients,with an increasing number of deaths,and a devastating effect on worldwide economics.People only know that epidemic or pandemic is a rapid spread of infection,but in fact it can also be regarded as a biological disaster,which can be managed from a perspective of disaster management.This article discusses the current situation of the anti-epidemic response of COVID-19,and suggests using a disaster management approach to better handle this pandemic situation through mitigation,preparedness,response and recovery.

Identification of Potential Flavonoid Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease 6YNQ:A Molecular Docking Study

Objective Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the causative agent for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),is responsible for the recent global pandemic.As there are no effective drugs or vaccines available for SARS-CoV-2,we investigated the potential of flavonoids against SARS-CoV-2 main protease 6YNQ.Methods In silico molecular simulation study against SARS-CoV-2 main protease 6YNQ.Results Among the 21 selected flavonoids,rutin demonstrated the highest binding energy(−8.7 kcal/mol)and displayed perfect binding with the catalytic sites.Conclusions Our study demonstrates the inhibitory potential of flavonoids against SARS-CoV-2 main protease 6YNQ.These computational simulation studies support the hypothesis that flavonoids might be helpful for the treatment of COVID-19.

Possible link between new coronavirus variants and atmospheric lightning and seawater intrusion

SARS-CoV-2(COVID-19) has been affecting the world for more than one year.The appearance of the new coronavirus variants makes the current situation full of uncertainty.In this respect,the authors discuss the connection between virus mutation and atmospheric factors.Based on the process of nitrogen fixation and transformation of nitrate inside the human body,the authors propose that the new coronavirus variants might be related to lightning and seawater intrusion.This study provides a new perspective in terms of the possible mechanism underlying the emergence of new coronavirus variants.

Systematic Pharmacological Strategies to Explore the Regulatory Mechanism of Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction on COVID-19

Objective To use systematic pharmacological strategies to explore the regulatory mechanisms of Ma Xing Shi Gan Decoction(MXSGD)against the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods Data on the compounds and targets of MXSGD were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicene Systems Parmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)and TCM Databases@Taiwan.Data on ACE2-related targets and the protein-protein interaction(PPI)were collected from the String database.The Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to construct and analyze the networks.The DAVID platform was used for Gene Ontology(GO)and pathway enrichment analyses.Results Data on 272 MXSGD targets and 21 SARS-CoV-2 potential targets were collected.Four networks were constructed and analyzed based on the data:(1)compound-target network of MXSGD;(2)MXSGD-SARS-CoV-2-PPI network;(3)cluster of MXSGD-SARS-CoV-2-PPI network;(4)Herb-Pathway-Target network.The core targets included AKT1,MAPK3,IL-6,TP53,VEGFA,TNF,CASP3,EGFR,EGF and MAPK1.The antiviral biological processes were inflammatory responses(inflammatory cells,inflammatory cytokines and their signaling pathways),immune responses(T cells,monocytes,B cells and other immune cells),immune factors(IFN-γ,TNF-αand so on),virus defense,humoral immunity and mucosal innate immune response.The antivirus-related signaling pathways included TNF,NOD-like receptor,FoxO,PI3K-AKT and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways.Conclusions MXSGD can control disease progression by regulating multiple compounds and targets;it can reduce inflammation and balance immunity by regulating several proteins that interact with ACE2 and signaling pathways closely related to disease development.

Quality 4.0 technologies to enhance traditional Chinese medicine for overcoming healthcare challenges during COVID-19

The Quality 4.0 concept is derived from the industrial fourth revolution,i.e.,Industry 4.0.Quality 4.0 is the future of quality,where new digital and disruptive technologies are used to maintain quality in organizations.It is also suitable for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to maintain quality.This quality revolution aims to improve industrial and service sectors’quality by incorporating emerging technologies to connect physical systems with the natural world.The proposed digital philosophy can update and enhance the entire TCM treatment methodology to become more effective and attractive in the current competitive structure of the pharmaceutical and clinical industries.Thus,in healthcare,this revolution empowers quality treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.There is a major requirement in healthcare to maintain the quality of medical tools,equipment,and treatment processes during a pandemic.Digital technologies can widely be used to provide innovative products and services with excellent quality for TCM.In this paper,we discuss the significant role of Quality 4.0 and how it can be used to maintain healthcare quality and fulfill challenges during the pandemic.Additionally,we discuss 10 significant applications of Quality 4.0 in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic.These technologies will provide unique benefits to maintain the quality of TCM throughout the treatment process.With Quality 4.0,quality can be maintained using innovative and advanced digital technologies.

Discussion on Etiology and Pathogenesis of Corona Virus Disease 2019 from“Cold-dampness and Insidious Dryness”

Based on the characteristics of the epidemic situation and the authors’understanding of the related ancient books and documents,this paper explores the etiology and pathogenesis of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)from 5 aspects:abnormal climate in"warm winter",unique geographical location,pathogenesis evolution of cold and dampness mixed with insidious dryness,transmission and change of"triple energizer"of toxic pathogens,and game between healthy Qi and toxic pathogens.Combined with the special treatment of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the purpose is to make a modest contribution to curbing the epidemic situation with TCM.

Hospital ethical climate associated with the professional quality of life among nurses during the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic inWuhan,China:A cross-sectional study

Objectives:To describe the professional quality of life and explore its associated factors among nurses coming from other areas of China to assist with the anti-epidemic fight inWuhan and especially examine whether the hospital ethical climate was independently associated with nurses’professional quality of life.Methods:A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from March 2020 to April 2020.The nurses working in Wuhan from the other parts of China were the target population.The Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5,the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey,and a basic information sheet were used to collect data.Descriptive statistics,t-test,ANOVA,Pearson correlation,and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:In total,236 nurses participated in this study,and 219 valid questionnaires were analyzed.The average age of the participants was 31.2±5.0 years.Most nurses were female(176/219;80.4%)and married(145/219;66.2%).In term of professional quality of life,nurses reported moderate(129/219;58.9%)to high(90/219;41.1%)levels of compassion satisfaction,low(119/219;54.3%)to moderate(100/219;45.7%)levels of burnout,and low(67/219;36.0%)to high(10/219;4.6%)levels of secondary traumatic stress.Regarding hospital ethical climate,nurses reported moderately high hospital ethical climates with an average score of 4.46.After controlling for socio-demographic characteristics,the multiple linear regression models showed that the hospital ethical climate subscale of“relationship with physicians”was independently associated with the compassion satisfaction(b=0.533,P<0.01)and burnout(b=0.237,P<0.05);the hospital ethical climate subscale of“relationship with peers”(b=0.191,P<0.01)was independently associated with the secondary traumatic stress.Conclusions:During the early stage of the pandemic,nurses demonstrated moderate to high level of compassion satisfaction,low to moderate level of burnout,and all nurses experienced secondary traumatic stress.Nurses perceived a high level of hospital ethical climate,and the perceived hospital ethical climate played an important role in promoting nurses’professional quality of life during a lifethreatening infectious disease pandemic.

Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigate the Preventive Mechanism of Hunan Expert Group Recommended Chinese Medicine Prevention No.2 Prescription Against COVID-19

Objective To explore the possible preventive mechanism of Hunan expert group recommended Chinese medicine prescription of No.2(Pre-No.2)against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)by network pharmacology method.Methods The target proteins of effective components and active compounds in Pre-No.2 were screened by searching the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP).A component-target-disease interaction network of Pre-No.2 was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.2,gene ontology(GO)analysis,and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)analysis of target protein pathway by DAVID.Results A total of 163 compounds and 278 target protein targets in Pre-No.2 were collected from the TCMSP database.Kaempferol,wogonin,7-methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone,formononetin,isorhamnetin,and licochalcone A were the most frequent targets in the regulatory network.GO enrichment analysis showed that Pre-No.2 regulated response to virus,viral processes,humoral immune responses,defense responses to virus and viral entry into host cells.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the formula regulated the NF-κB signaling pathway,B cell receptor signaling pathway,viral carcinogenesis,T cell signaling pathway and FcγR-mediated phagocytosis signaling pathway.Conclusions Pre-No.2 may play a preventive role against COVID-19 through regulation of the Toll-like signaling,T cell signaling,B cell signaling and other signaling pathways.It may regulate the immune system to protect against anti-influenza virus.

Novel pyrimidine-benzimidazole hybrids with antibacterial and antifungal properties and potential inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease and spike glycoprotein

Objective The study aimed to synthesize and characterize pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole hybrids,define their antimicrobial and antifungal activities in vitro,and determine their ability to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2.Methods The ability of the synthesized compounds to inhibit the main protease and spike glycoprotein inhibitory of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by assessing their mode of binding to the allosteric site of the enzyme using molecular docking.The structures of pyrimidine-linked benzimidazole derivatives synthesized with microwave assistance were confirmed by spectral analysis.Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined by broth dilution.Results Gram-negative bateria(Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)were more sensitive than gram-positive bateria(Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes)to the derivatives.Candida albicans was sensitive to the derivatives at a minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of 250μg/mL.The novel derivatives had better binding affinity(kcal/mol)than nelfinavir,lopinavir,ivermectin,remdesivir,and favipiravir,which are under investigation as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Compounds 2c,2e,and 2g formed four hydrogen bonds with the active cavity of the main protease.Many derivatives had good binding affinity for the RBD of the of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein with the formation of up to four hydrogen bonds.Conclusion We synthesized novel pyrimidine-linked benzi-midazole derivatives that were potent antimicrobial agents with ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.Understanding the pharmacophore features of the main protease and spike glycoprotein offers much scope for the development of more potent agents.We plan to optimize the properties of the derivatives using models in vivo and in vitro so that they will serve as more effective therapeutic options against bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 infections.