人文主义“新学术”与英国近代的绅士教育

文艺复兴时期,代表人文主义之“新学术”在英国的迅速传播,是其在整个欧洲传播的一个部分和结果。它得利于都铎王朝统治者的人文主义教育背景、教育的日渐世俗化和印刷技术的普及。它使英国社会出现新的教育理念,直接促成绅士教育目标的确立,导致英国教育从内容到形式都发生变化,标志了英国近代教育的开端。而绅士教育的理想和公学等教育机构对绅士教育内容的实践,又表明了绅士教育是一种以培养统治者和社会上层人士为目的精英教育,它反映了人文主义的主张,大大促进了人文主义“新学术”的传播。

人文主义“新学术”和近代英国公学的绅士教育实践

约从15世纪末起,作为文艺复兴重要组成部分的人文主义"新学术"在英国迅速传播,催生了以"新学术"为核心内容的绅士教育理念。而公学通过首先实践绅士教育,成为近代英国最直接反映人文主义思潮的教育机构,又进一步传播了人文主义"新学术",很大程度上使英国教育由此实现了近代转型。公学所实践之绅士教育的本质精神和展开机制与我们当下的素质教育理想有所契合,可为后者提供启示:我们的教育在内容上亦应更强化人格、教养、体格等方面的养成和训练,而非仅仅是知识和技能的传授。

當代子學研究的新進展——“第九届‘新子學’國際學術研討會”綜述

2021年10月23日,第九届“新子學”國際學術研討會在中國臺北順利召開。共有來自中國内地、港澳臺等地區以及日本、韓國等國家38所大學的51位專家學者參加此次大會,議題涉及“新子學”研究、“子藏學”研究、諸子思想及學術的專題研究等方面,充分體現了子學研究的豐富性和多樣性。“新子學”由學術理念向文化立場轉化以及“子藏學”研究等新觀點和新議題代表了當代子學研究的新進展,必將對子學主體地位的提升、子學研究方法的拓展産生積極作用。

“新发展观和环境哲学”学术研讨会

“新发展观和环境哲学”学术研讨会于2004年7月15日-16日在春城昆明召开。会议由清华大学哲学系、云南农业大学人文社会科学学院、北京林业大学人文学院、中国自然辩证法研究会环境哲学专业委员会、云南省自然辩证法研究会等5家单位联合举办，主要讨论了以下方面的问题：

Promotion of GSC Technology Innovation by the Green and Sustainable Chemistry Network

The Green and Sustainable Chemistry Network （GSCN） has been promoting GSC technology development since 2000 in three major activities, holding the GSC symposium, running the GSC Awards, and providing the information related to GSC in Japan. GSCN holds a vision to expand the philosophy of GSC not only to the domestic, but also to the global. As for a regional network in Asia and Oceania, we established the Asia-Oceania GSC Network, and we hope to expand the Network to all countries.

Beginning of a New Revolution of Science ＆ Technology

Modern science and technology is being developed towards destroying human and human calls for a new era of science ＆ technology. Contemporary science is seeing a significant breakthrough and a new revolution of science and technology is beginning. The theoretical basis of the new revolution of science and technology is ＂state space-time＂, ＂the unity of physics and biology＂, ＂thinking motion and automatic organization of the universe＂ and ＂thinking＇s active control＂. The new revolution of science and technology takes material （microscopic particle） science, life （organic and inorganic life） science and thinking science as the fundamental sciences, takes life technology, new information technology, new material technology and new energy technology as the basis of the overall technological system, progresses in all aspects, including life technology, medicine, new material technology, new information technology, new energy technology, new robot technology, new manufacturing technology, laser technology, astronavigation technology, ocean technology, military technology, new educational technology, etc., and at the same time Qigong technology with thinking control as its core will emerge. In the era of life, thinking and Qigong technology, technology proceeds very rapidly, global society and economy develop at a high speed, and globalization is accelerated. Life, thinking and Qigong technologies feature improvement of human internal energy and quality, purify human soul, reduce material desire, and greatly reduce environmental disruption. The overall （thinking and Qigong） technology takes the establishment of the cosmic era of human as its ultimate goal.

徐悲鸿在新世纪仍有重要的现实意义——“新世纪首届徐悲鸿学术研讨会”纪要

2003年10月16至17日，由江苏省徐悲鸿研究会和南京师范大学联合主办。北京徐悲鸿纪念馆。《美术》杂志，《国画家》杂志协办的“新世纪首届徐悲鸿学术研讨会”在南京隆重召开。这次研讨会在两年前就开始筹备，共收到国内外论文80余篇，其中已有10余篇论文先期在《美术》、《国画》

Comparable Characterization of Nanocellulose Extracted from BleachedSoftwood and Hardwood Pulps

In this study, the characteristics of nanocellulose extracted from bleached softwood and hardwood pulps by formic acid hydrolysis followed by TEMPO-mediated oxidation were compared using transmission electron microscopy(TEM), atomic force microscopy(AFM), Fourier transform infrared analysis(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA). The experimental results showed that the nanocellulose products derived from spruce pulp exhibited a relatively larger particle size, higher crystallinity, and higher thermal stability, compared with the corresponding products obtained from aspen pulp under the same conditions.Furthermore, the study helped establish that the properties of the nanocellulose products were highly dependent on the nature of the starting materials under identical processing conditions.

Advances in Hard Tissue Engineering Materials——Nanocellulose-based Composites

Nanocellulose(NC) has attracted much interest in the tissue engineering(TE) field because of its properties including biocompatibility,renewability, non-toxicity, functionality, and excellent mechanical performance. This review mainly focused on the advanced applications of NC-based composites in hard TE including cartilage TE, bone TE, and dental TE, illustrated the processing methods for synthesizing scaffolds including electrospinning, freeze-drying, and 3 D printing, reviewed the current status of hard TE, and presented perspective on the future of TE technology.

“新发展观与环境哲学”学术研讨会侧记

2004年7月15～16日，“新发展观和环境哲学”学术研讨会在昆明召开。这次会议由清华大学哲学系、云南农业大学人文社会科学学院、北京林业大学人文学院、中国自然辩证法研究会环境哲学专业委员会等单位联合举办。结合当代人类面临的生态危机，反思现代科技的巨大作用和发展方向，是此次会议的重要议题之一。以下是有关这一议题的部分发言要点。

Active Alumni in Electrical Engineering Extracurricular Activities： Innovation and Social Responsibility

The project analyzes the student＇s participation in complementary activities such as Education Tutorial Program, Junior Company and Academic Center. These organizations have the goal to improve, expand and connect knowledge learned during classes with several practical activities. They can provide a huge integration between the students and the professors in order to achieve better results in the pedagogical, structural and organizational parts of an engineering major degree. Therefore, the project goes through the impact of each entity in the student＇s life and the advantages to professional future, focusing the presence of these organizations in the Electrical Engineering Course of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte.

Review of Cellulose Nanocrystal-based Fluorophore Materials and Their Application in Metal Ion Detection

Cellulose nanocrystals （CNCs）, a unique and promising natural material extracted from native cellulose, have attracted considerable attention owing to their physical properties and special surface chemistry. This review focuses on chemical conjugation strategies that can be used for preparation of ？uorescent-molecule labeled CNCs and the development of biomaterials. Furthermore, their application in the detection of metal ions and future development prospects are discussed. We hope to provide a clear view of the strategies for surface fluorescent modifcation of CNCs and their application in detection of metal ions.

Utilizing Electronic Reading Device （Kindle） in English as Foreign Language Reading Class

With the evolutionary change in information and communication technologies （ICT）, the definition of literacy has undergone substantial change to include the skills and strategies required to successfully adapt to the rapidly changing ICT contexts. This new definition presents an urgent need to acknowledge the gap between the types of reading experiences students come across at school and those they regularly practice outside the school. One way to bridge such gap is to expand the reading instruction to incorporate electronic reading device, like Kindle, to engage students in electronic reading. Many e-books feature multimodal functionalities, including audio, video, hyperlinks, and interactive tools. Research on this form of reading is still in its infancy in spite of some positive prospects for fostering literacy development and reading comprehension. Therefore, adopting a mixed method approach with 36 college freshmen in central Taiwan, the current study intended to fill in the void by investigating any difference in readers＇ reading comprehension and reading motivation, between the Kindle group and the print-based group. The results indicate that embedding aspects of technology into a traditional reading instruction boosted the participants＇ motivation to read. Nevertheless, the novelty-driven enthusiasm for electronic reading might not sustain students＇ reading motivation long enough to cultivate long-lasting reading habits. The results indicate that there was no significant difference in reading comprehension between two groups. Implications for utilizing electronic readers in EFL classes are also provided.

Application of Laparoscopy in Gynecological Surgery

Laparoscopic surgery is a recent minimally invasive technological innovation that conforms to the idea of endoscopic surgery. With the rapid development of science and technology, gynecological surgery has been widely used laparoscopic technology, greatly improved the gynecological problems. The survey found that China＇s laparoscopic technology and foreign laparoscopic technology were the same leveL Laparoscopic technology has become more and more mature in recent years, laparoscopic technology in the field of gynecology has been applied year after year, after many clinical trials, gets some experience and progress. This article explores the development of laparoscopic surgery in the field of gynecology and the limitations and solutions to discuss, promoting gynecological development, so that the majority of patients benefit from it.

Synthesis of Humin-based Carbon Quantum Dots and Luminescent Properties

The unique properties of carbon quantum dots （CQDs） make them promising materials in many ？elds. Herein, we present a facile method for the preparation of photo-luminescent CQDs using humins as the carbon precursor for the purpose of providing a high value-added solution for this “biomass conversion process waste”. The structure of the CQDs was analyzed, and the effects of reaction temperature and time on the CQDs’ ？uorescence were investigated. The results showed that humins were effectively carbonized during the reaction. The ？uorescence intensity of humin-based CQDs initially increased with reaction temperature and time, and subsequently decreased beyond 200℃ and 4 h. Polyaromatic structures and hydrophilic groups such as O-H, C-O, -COOH and C==O groups exist in the CQDs. The humin-based CQDs have the dimension of 3~7 nm with an average size of about 5.5 nm. The highest emission intensity of blue/cyan ？uorescence light at 440 nm is achieved on the excitation with UV light at the wavelength of 330 nm.

Teaching Innovation Exploration basic theory of art and technology professionals

According to features of current undergraduate curriculum design in the teaching of art and science, and combing exploration and the problems that exist during the process of teaching of basic theory of art and science, this paper taking design courses of interactive introduction for example, it tries to innovate classroom teaching methods of exhibition of art and technology, interactive art and technology are principle theoretical classes of their major. Making good use of initiative of self- learning is the core element to help students in subjects learning, we constantly improve and perfect teaching concepts and classroom teaching mode to create the space for students to learn and explore actively, make personalized study according to their own characteristics, we make students experience the interest of freedom, autonomy, inquiry learning, enjoy the delight of appearance of personality and vitality of the burst of life vigor. Combining personal teaching experience, we should explore the way to led art students to learn with initiative in principle theoretical classes of their major.

Cytomegalovirus frequency in neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis determined by serology, histology, immunohistochemistry and PCR

AIM: To determine cytomegalovirus (CMV) frequency in neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis by serology, histological revision (searching for cytomegalic cells), immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and to verify the relationships among these methods.METHODS: The study comprised 101 non-consecutive infants submitted for hepatic biopsy between March 1982 and December 2005. Serological results were obtained from the patient's f iles and the other methods were performed on paraffin-embedded liver samples from hepatic biopsies. The following statistical measures were calculated: frequency, sensibility, specif ic positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy.RESULTS: The frequencies of positive results were as follows: serology, 7/64 (11%); histological revision, 0/84; immunohistochemistry, 1/44 (2%), and PCR, 6/77 (8%). Only one patient had positive immunohistochemical fi ndings and a positive PCR. The following statistical measures were calculated between PCR and serology: sensitivity, 33.3%; specificity, 88.89%; positive predictive value, 28.57%; negative predictive value, 90.91%; and accuracy, 82.35%. CONCLUSION: The frequency of positive CMV varied among the tests. Serology presented the highest positive frequency. When compared to PCR, the sensitivity and positive predictive value of serology were low.

Three Academic Problems on Music Iconography in China： Direction, Position, and Path

As an emerging discipline which interrelates with musicology and iconology, the Music Iconography in China is still at the beginning stage. In the past 30 years, its research methods have been the focus of debate in regard to its academic direction, academic position, and academic path. These three ＂academic problems＂ should be paid attention because they not only sustain our current research and construction of Music Iconography＇s future and destiny, but also become major theoretical and practical issues. The author advocates that the academic direction should maintain highly consistent with the reality of China, as well as the academic practice. In order to guarantee the academic direction and academic position, we should adopt the academic path from these two aspects： ＂the horizontal logic＂ and ＂the longitudinal logic＂

新世纪再识徐悲鸿——“新世纪首届徐悲鸿学术研讨会”综述

由江苏省徐悲鸿研究会和南京师范大学联合主办，北京徐悲鸿纪念馆，《美术》杂志，《国画家》杂志协办的“新世纪首届徐悲鸿学术研讨会”于今年10月16至17日在南京隆重召开。

DEVELOPING OF TRANS-CENTURY MINING SUBJECT WITH NEW TECHNOLOGY AND NEW THEORY

Mining subject needs further development and towards which the development would bebeing the problems concerned over all along and to be succeded with the public good enough attention to discussions to reacb an identny of vicws admittedly. The emcrgcnce in succession of newand-hish techs in the mid-and late twentieth century is perhaps tbe most fascinating and epochmarking event that bas given to an the subjects certain but different degrees of Anpacts to becomemore closely interretative and interdepartmentai each other and fcature specifically from that of thepast for their entirely new conceptions in the result of formutating many new theories, new technologies and new subjects that mining subject is inevitably and unexceptionally the one inclusive.The author gives in this paper his opinion regardjng the problern of tbe deve1opmcnt of mining subject proving with many convincible facts and most in formative new ideas.