Rural Tourism Development in China:Principles,Models and the Future

Rural tourism in China,has undergone a rapid development in the last three decades.It is an emerging and effective catalyst that promotes industrial restructuring,agricultural development and the upgrading of rural areas.However,there remains little understanding about the core issues of rural tourism in China:the exact connotation,the principles,the development models and the future directions.This review paper identifies the key issues based on literature analysis,national statistics and press reports to form a general picture of the past,the current and the future prospects of China's rural tourism.The paper firstly addresses the definition,content and principles of rural tourism,and then provides an overview and brief evaluation of the progress and the current development models in China.Finally,based on the analysis of the experiences and problems,the authors sum up with five pathways of the future development of China's rural tourism from the perspective of rural tourism resources,product,market and promotion.

A Stylistic Analysis of Hemingway＇s News and Fiction Writing

Literature about Hemingway＇s writing style has been fully explored in the past 80 years, while his style has not yet been well probed into from the perspective of corpus-based stylistics. This paper focuses on the analysis of his writing style as a news reporter and as a literary writer in order to investigate whether there exists some links between the two or whether his training as a reporter has any effect on his writing as fiction writer. By employing a corpus-based stylistic approach, the paper analyzes in great details Hemingway＇s early news writing in Kansas City Star （ 1917-1918） and his later fiction writing in the novella The Old Man and the Sea （1952）. The stylistic features at lexical level are explored quantitatively in both writings via statistical data. The paper concludes that Hemingway＇s writing style has his own heritage. The style in his early news articles does find its way into his later fiction writing. There do exist certain similarities in the choices of lexical items and phrasal expressions. It also indicates that a further exploration on their syntactic, rhetorical, and discourse levels is needed ira fuller picture of Hemingway＇s writing style is to be unveiled.

Framing Immigration in the Political and Public Agenda： The Role of Media Logic and News Hypes

In a commercialized and fragment media market where crisis and humanitarian interventions are big news that sells, how do politicians and the public respond to them？ Bearing in mind that immigration is a phenomenon with a growing presence in society and increasingly politicized, this paper explores an important and persistent question regarding the role of news media in affecting policy decisions, particularly during times of crisis （Paletz, 1998）, transference of the issue and the media frames occurs. Having taken into account the agenda building paradigm and the concept of flame （Entman, 1993; Snow ＆ Benford, 1988）, the topic of immigration is analyzed in the Spanish main newspapers （El Pais ＆ El Mundo） and in the political interventions （Parliamentary Debates）. In order to implement this extraction and framing analysis, the associative method is adopted. The assaults of Ceuta and Melilla （2005） and the Canarias crisis （2006） are taken as the cases of study. The findings of this research highlight that moments of humanitarian crisis and key newsworthy events related to African immigrants increase the media＇s power to introduce the issue of immigration and to have influence on the frames used in the political and public agenda.

Newspaper Visibility of Members of Parliament in Kenya

This research investigates variables that predicted news coverage of 212 members of parliament （MPs） in Kenya by four national newspapers in 2009. The 10 variables examined are： ordinary MP, cabinet minister, powerful ministry, parliamentary committee chairmanship, seniority, big tribe identity, major party affiliation, presidential ambition, commenting on contentious issues, and criticizing government. Findings indicate that commenting on contentious issues, criticizing government, cabinet minister, ordinary MP, powerful ministry, and seniority significantly predicted visibility of the parliamentarians in newspaper news. However, a multiple regression analysis shows that the strongest predictors are commenting on contentious issues, cabinet minister, criticizing government, and big tribe identity. While commenting on controversial issues was the strongest predictor, major party identification and committee leadership were found not to predict MPs＇ visibility.

Newspaper Reporting of Suicide Impact on Rate of Suicide in the Contemporary Society in Sri Lanka

Suicide has been largely investigated by many researchers in a variety of perspectives. The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between the rate of suicide in contemporary society and how it can be affected by the way of suicide reporting at the same time. Qualitative method is used to analysis the data capturing from observation, interviews and textual analysis. Special attention has been paid to the news reporting in the suicide in Sri Lankan newspapers. Sinhala medium newspapers： Lankadeepa, Diwaina, Lakbima, Silumina, Dinamina, Rivira, were used as the major sample of this study. Time period is located from January 2000 to January 2010. In conclusion, Suicide has been reporting in Sri Lanka as a heroic and sensational action for the target of maximum selling and the financial benefit of media institutions. Use of Language in suicide reporting and the placement of the story in the newspaper have been two major factors that cause to glamorize the incident. Suicide reporting is highly sensational and rhetorically made by the ownership of the media and non-ethical consideration of the journalism in Sri Lanka. Victims and vulnerable are encouraged to get in to suicide and they are generally encouraged to their action for faith. Suicide should be reported in the newspaper as a problem of mental health and attention should be drawn to well inform the public on the issue. Human incidents should not be reported in media for cheap commercial purposes that indirectly chance to gain much financial profit through the highest selling and expansion. This study suggest to take necessary action to immediately make a frame of ethics of media reporting that avoids such unethical reporting in the practice of suicide reporting in Sri Lanka.

Web Information Retrieval： Problem and Prospects

The information access is the rich data available for information retrieval, evolved to provide principle approaches or strategies for searching. For building the successful web retrieval search engine model, there are a number of prospects that arise at the different levels where techniques, such as Usenet, support vector machine are employed to have a significant impact. The present investigations explore the number of problems identified its level and related to finding information on web. The authors have attempted to examine the issues and prospects by applying different methods such as web graph analysis, the retrieval and analysis of newsgroup postings and statistical methods for inferring meaning in text. The proposed model thus assists the users in finding the existing formation of data they need. The study proposes three heuristics model to characterize the balancing between query and feedback information, so that adaptive relevance feedback. The authors have made an attempt to discuss the parameter factors that are responsible for the efficient searching. The important parameters can be taken care of for the future extension or development of search engines.