学前教育的“大纲”应当符合儿童的“大纲”——从维果茨基到“方案教学”

近些年,在我国幼教界,刘晓东算是一个发表了一些新异观点的人,他启发人们从“更儿童的”角度去看待儿童和我们的儿童教育。无论怎样,或者不管其学术是否很科学,我们认为,刘晓东应该说是喊出了一些声音,这便算是幼教界的一件事。针对其学术,我刊想组织专门的争鸣讨论,我们已与其联系,他非常高兴我们这样做。从我们与幼教理论界一定范围的接触来看,有些人对刘晓东的东西还是有看法的,这是件大好事。那么,大家就把不同观点拿到我刊上来展示吧。批判也好,商榷也好。我们幼教理论界的确太需要争鸣了。我们的计划是,在明年,我刊继续陆续刊发刘晓东的能进一步体现其中心观点的稿件,同时配发争鸣性文章。为使争鸣具有针对性,望有意之士先对刘晓东的有关论述有所了解。下面,对其身份、有关早期教育的专著、有关早期教育的主要论文作一简介:其身份:教育学博士、研究员,南京师范大学教育科学学院学前教育研究所所长。承担硕士学位课程“学前教育基本理论研究”、博士学位课程“儿童教育哲学”等的教学工作。学术方向为儿童哲学、教育哲学、学前教育学,并广泛涉猎哲学史、认识论、伦理学、美学、文学等领域。其有关早期教育的专著:《儿童教育新论》(江苏教育出版社1998年版);《儿童精神哲学》

对“方案教学”课程理念的反思——与学术化课程和儿童中心主义课程理念的比较

方案教学在发展观、师生观、教育价值观、学习观、课程内容观、学习动机、教师对职业的体验、教育效果等方面与学术化课程、儿童中心主义课程存在显著差异,体现出了辨证统一的思维特征。

一个小城的奇迹

在意大利的一个小城瑞吉欧，那里的幼儿园发明了一种被称为“方案教学”的教学方式：儿童决定学什么，并参与制定学习计划，而教师是儿童学习、探究的一个贴心帮手。

Chunk approach for English teaching

This paper suggests a chunk approach to solve the plateau problem among advanced English learners. The paper first discusses the extant problems and then provides a definition of the chunk approach. Based on some research results in cognitive psychology, it analyses the important role that chunks play in language acquisition and production and thus provides a cognitive foundation for implementing the chunk approach in English teaching. The paper also offers a set of classroom activities which can be easily adopted or adapted by other teachers.

对方案教学热的几点反思

方案教学（PROJECT APPROACH）自上个世纪末进人我国学前教育领域后，因其先进的理念和实践，受到了我国学前教育机构的热烈追捧，“项目活动”、“探究性主题活动”、“方案教学”等都是方案教学在我国实践过程中不同的表达形式。

The exploration of the innovation mode of school enterprise cooperation in game analysis

school enterprise cooperation as a new mode of teaching. In the teaching practice has its advantages and disadvantages, how to obtain the maximum value in the pros and cons,It is the problems that enterprises and schools, both sides need to work together to solve. This article will carries on the domestic and foreign cooperation game research production analysis on the advantages and disadvantages in school enterprise cooperation and the analysis of its innovation. Emphasizing that between school and enterprises signed employment agreement, both parties together to develop personnel training plan, and the teachers, technology and other aspects to carry on the cooperation, using ＂agreement order type＂ talent culture.

On the Teaching of Decorative Painting for the Major of Visual Communication Design

On the basis of analyzing chafactetistics of decorative painting, this paper analyzed problems in the teaching of decorative painting in the major of visual communication design, and proposed correspon.corresponding strategies of adjusting teaching contents, changing the mode of teaching, and updating the teaching thought Moreover; all teachers are expected to adapt to the development of the times, enhance the cultivation of thdr own qualities besides the professions and also the trainkig of relevant design skills, imptove the teaching quality,atfange the teaching contents and divisions pfopedy as well as homewotk flexibly, and cultivate students5 abilities of applying decorative paintings into the visual communication design, so as to improve their cultural quality and aesthetic capacity.

Physical （Bodily） Contact Among Parents and Children in the Context of Family Upbringing. Religious Education Approach--Case Study

Physical （bodily） contact among children and parents every day varies and its effect relates to the all-round personality development of the child. The purpose of this study is to present the attitudes and opinions of sixth-grade elementary students with regard to how parents interact with them physically as well as how the children would like the corresponding interaction with their parents to develop. The methodology was based on a case study. Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire with closed questions, which was distributed in person to sixth-grade students at two primary schools in the prefecture of Thessaloniki. Some results of the study indicate that more often children positively receive the ways in which their parents interact with them physically and desire physical contact with their parents even at this age. The involvement of parents and children in the sacramental life of the church seems to have a positive effect on physical contact among them. Gradually, however, children distance themselves from their parents as they enter puberty and seek physical contact with their parents selectively and only on special occasions such as their birthdays.

Research of University Educational Administration System Bottlenecks and Overall Optimization Scheme

This paper analyzes of the bottleneck to influence the running efficiency of educational administration system in universities and colleges,and from the system deployment architecture, server configuration, database SQL statement optimization and other aspects, it puts forwards the optimization scheme.

Assessment in Architectural Design Education Case Study： First-Year Students at Pharos University

Effective assessment is inseparable from good teaching and learning. Just as a good tutor would practice different techniques of teaching, an assessor would usually use different strategies of assessment. Moreover, the different activities of assessment, such as teaching, are additionally executed at various times during the semester, thus, we can know in which way the student is learning. An assessment strategy lays out a well thoroughly considered choice of assessment methods that are aligned with the aims and learning outcomes. Because align the assessment with a specific kind of learning outcome, the tutor needs to choose a suitable technique of assessment. This paper draws upon a case study of the first year architectural design at Pharos University as another way to deal with realizing ＂how to design your assessment plan＂. Throughout the form of criteria based assessment, assessment can help to review the students and instructors feeling and reactions. Finally, we can learn to assist towards enhancing student learning through assessment. So, we can attract the consideration regarding the advantages of reviewing current assessment practices, and of accepting different ways to deal with assessment methods, in this manner profiting together student and tutor.

审视中小学音乐课程标准探讨高师音乐教学改革

中小学《音乐课程标准》是高师音乐教学改革的理论依据，既是高师音乐教学改革的出发点，又是改革的归宿。高师音乐教学要研究《音乐课程标准》的特点，指导教学改革，全面推进素质教育，《音乐课程标准》与高师音乐指导“方案”在理论上的吻合，是高师音乐教学改革的指导思想。培养合格的音乐教师，是高师音乐教学研究的一项重点课题，现代教学观和现代课程是培养合格音乐教师理论基础，也是音乐教学改革的指导思想。

寻找意义——自主性活动课程

几年前,“方案教学”经各种幼教刊物介绍,引起了幼教理论工作者与实践工作者的广泛关注,许多理论工作者在研究“方案教学”,许多幼儿园在进行“方案教学”,许多教师在设计活动“方案”。自1989年6月《幼儿园工作规程(试行)》颁布后10多年来,幼儿园课程改革就一直是学前教育基本理论建设的最重要部分。我们也开展过“综合主题教育…‘单元教学…‘活动区教学…‘创造性教育…‘科学启蒙教育”等研究,我们不停地探索,这其中有收获也有迷惘,但更重要的是我们学会了思考。

试论幼儿园环境创设中的教育取向——来自瑞吉欧·爱米里亚的启示

瑞吉欧教育系统通过“儿童一百种语言”的展览,通过对其“方案教学”的介绍,已为广大幼教工作者所熟知。我认为,最能体现瑞吉欧办园者教育之魂的是其所创设的环境,因为环境与孩子始终共存,孩子既可依赖环境,也能作用于环境,孩子与环境相处的方式直接影响他成长的质量。瑞吉欧教育系统中的方案教学、绘画表达、家园沟通等无不以创设环境为基础。

柳暗、花明、又一村——让教师在课题研究中成长

《纲要（试行）》指出：“充分利用自然环境和社区的教育资源，扩大幼儿生活和学习的空间。”因拥有独特的古镇资源，我们申请了省级规划立项课题——《古镇资源园本活动中“方案教学”的运用与研究》。