服装“无结构”形式的应用

"无结构"形式的服装风格独具艺术魅力。先从服装"无结构"形式出发,分析它的形态特征与着装意境,概括总结"无结构"服装今后的发展趋势,从而更好的表达"无结构"服装带给女性舒适、轻松、自然的禅意般的感受,希望帮助提升服装品牌,产生设计新观念,扩大市场占有率。

“无结构”小组:幼儿同伴交往策略的实践研究

同伴关系对幼儿的日常行为、社会认知、情绪情感以及问题解决能力具有重要的影响。同伴交往结构在一定程度上反映出幼儿社交网络的密度以及幼儿的交友状况。强调自主选择、混龄搭配、协同合作的“无结构”小组在为不同年龄幼儿创设多样化游戏空间的同时,也有利于幼儿交往对象的多元化。幼儿在同伴交往过程中所运用的交往策略和方法对其交往结果有重要影响,本研究从“无结构”小组的游戏组织形式出发,探讨不同年龄幼儿在同伴交往过程中运用的交往策略状况,以了解混龄幼儿的同伴交往状况。

网络小说叙事结构的创新及其美学意义

网络小说因其写作的无功利性与随意性,而在叙事结构上呈现出了与传统小说叙事结构的清晰严谨截然相反的特征,如多种叙事方式糅合并存,形成多变与多样化的叙事结构;或是由于叙事的松散随意,而成为一种"无结构"的结构样式。网络小说叙事结构的创新具有独特而深刻的美学意义与价值,同时也在一定程度上反映了当代文学的新的发展动向。

Amorphous core-shell NiMoP@CuNWs rod-like structure with hydrophilicity feature for efficient hydrogen production in neutral media

Using interface engineering,a highly efficient catalyst with a shell@core structure was successfully synthesized by growing an amorphous material composed of Ni,Mo,and P on Cu nanowires(Ni-MoP@CuNWs).This catalyst only requires an overpotential of 35 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2).The exceptional hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)activity is attributed to the unique amorphous rod-like nature of NiMoP@CuNWs,which possesses a special hydrophilic feature,en-hances mass transfer,promotes effective contact between the electrode and electrolyte solution,and exposes more active sites during the catalytic process.Density functional theory revealed that the introduction of Mo weakens the binding strength of the Ni site on the catalyst surface with the H atom and promotes the desorption process of the H_(2) product significantly.Owing to its facile syn-thesis,low cost,and high catalytic performance,this electrocatalyst is a promising option for com-mercial applications as a water electrolysis catalyst.

An efficient reliability evaluation method for industrial wireless sensor networks

Aimed at the difficulties in accurately, comprehensively and systematically evaluating the reliability of industrial wireless sensor networks （WSNs）, a time-evolving state transition-Monte Carlo （TEST-MC） evaluation method and a novel network function value representation method are proposed to evaluate the reliability of the IWSNs. First, the adjacency matrix method is used to characterize three typical topologies of WSNs including the mesh network, tree network and ribbon network. Secondly, the network function value method is used to evaluate the network connectivity, and the TEST-MC evaluation method is used to evaluate network reliability and availability. Finally, the variations in the reliability, connectivity and availability of these three topologies are presented. Simulation results show that the proposed method can quickly analyze the reliability of the networks containing typical WSN topologies, which provides an effective method for the comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the reliability of WSNs.

Generation of scale-free knowledge network with local world mechanism

In order to simulate the real growing process, a new type of knowledge network growth mechanism based on local world connectivity is constructed. By the mean-field method, theoretical prediction of the degree distribution of the knowledge network is given, which is verified by Matlab simulations. When the new added node＇s local world size is very small, the degree distribution of the knowledge network approximately has the property of scale-free. When the new added node＇s local world size is not very small, the degree distribution transforms from pure power-law to the power-law with an exponential tailing. And the scale-free index increases as the number of new added edges decreases and the tunable parameters increase. Finally, comparisons of some knowledge indices in knowledge networks generated by the local world mechanism and the global mechanism are given. In the long run, compared with the global mechanism, the local world mechanism leads the average knowledge levels to slower growth and brings homogenous phenomena.

Analysis on age structure of Zoysia japonica (Poaceae) population

The age-structure of natural population of Zoysia japonica in Xiuyan County of Liaoning Province was studied by generational method. The results showed that the highest tiller age class was three, but 1st age class tillers held dominant posi-tion with proportions over 95% in each month during the growing seasons. The 2nd age class and 3rd age class tillers were minority in the population. So Z. japonica population was an expanding population. The zero age class buds on the rhizomes were dominant in buds age structures. The proportion of buds to tillers on quantity in each month was about 30% to 40% and reached the highest at the end of September. The increasing of buds proportion before dormancy guaranteed the quantity of tillers in the next spring. The biomass of 1st age class tillers changed with time. The biomass kept increasing from April to July and reached the highest at the end of July and then decreased.

Development and Age Structure of Ramets of Kalimeris integrifolia Populations in the Songnen Plains, Northeast China

Kalimeris integrifolia Turcz. is a root sucker form perennial herb of Compositae. In die late period of growing season, fresh fleshy radicels grow up above the soil surface to develop root-borne buds, which in turn grow into ramets and taproot. On the basis of observation on numerous samples, methods to classify the age of ramets and buds for the root sucker herbaceous plant population and to estimate the ages of taproots were established according to their morphology. The age of ramets was classified based on the regeneration times of taproot buds. Ramets developed from new root sucker buds were classified as 1 a. After 1 a ramets died, the ramets reproduced from the taproots were 2 a, and so on. New buds from a root sucker were 0 a buds, other age classes of buds were consistent with that of ramets, i.e. buds produced from taproots of I a ramets were 1 a buds, and so on. In the hay clipping meadows of the Songnen Plains, for K. integrifolia population, there are three age classes of ramets, representing a steady age structure. The maximal age of taproots of ramets is 4 a. Among all age classes, the population productivity of 2 a ramets was the highest, and that of I a ramets was the lowest. The ramet productivity increased with ramet age. During the early period of growing season, the productivity of 3 a ramets was the highest, but after the middle of growing season, I a ramets showed the greatest relative growth rate. The population size and age structure in the next year could be accurately forecasted by the number of fresh roots with budlet and present population in late autumn. The potential population in the bud banks was more than two times of the present population, which may provide sufficient substitution in the future.

The Study of Farmland Information Management System based on Wireless Sensor Networks

To satisfy the need of good quality and high yield primary production,the farmland information management system based on wireless Sensor Network has been proposed.We give priority to analyzing the basic function of the system,building the systematic structure of applied system and network system,and implementing the energy control and safety design of system.The system can reduce manpower operation and the error of manual measuration in the course of practical production,reduce the cost of agricultural production,and realize automatization of agricultural production to the largest extent to provide an effective way to realize good quality and high yield primary production,which has an important realistic meaning.

Polygynous Mating System and Behavioural Reason of Black Crested Gibbon (Nomascus concolor jingdongensis) at Dazhaizi,Mt.Wuliang, Yunnan,China

The field research on five black crested gibbon groups, recently performed at Dazhaizi, Mr. Wuliang, Central Yunnan, China, showed that all groups in the local population consisted of one adult male, two adult females and 2 - 5 sub-adults, juveniles and itfants. The mean group size was 6.2 in August 2003 and 6.4 in August 2005. Two subadult males disappeared from their natal home range and three newborns were given birth in Group 3 （G3） and G4 during this study. The two adult females in G1, G2 and G3 gave births and/or carried babies but at different times. There was no aggressive or dominating behaviour observed between the two adult females. One floating female was first seen in G3＇s territory on April 15, 2005. The two resident females interrupted her duet with adult male and chased her. We did not observe adult male chased this floating female and she left G3＇s territory 10 days later. Sub-adult males often kept distance with the family, and they often sang solo bouts in their natal territory before they dispersed. The sub-adult males and females dispersed from natal territory and two adult resident females rejected the third one, which might were the reasons why the black gibbon groups were polygyny in Dazhaizi.

Embryogenesis of Polyembryonic Rice ApⅢ: Structural and Histochemical Studies of Egg Apparatus Around Fertilization

The structural and histochemical changes of the egg apparatus in the polyembryonic rice ( Oryza sativa L.), ApⅢ with the highest frequence of additional embryos among the polyembryonic rice investigated, before and after fertilization were studied and compared with those of normal and other polyembryonic rices in a similar developmental period. A total of 2 932 ovules were observed and each of them contained only a single embryo sac with a set of egg apparatus. Among 1 655 embryo sacs, there were 1 643 embryo sacs (99.27%) with one normal egg apparatus in each embryo sac, and only 12 embryo sacs (0.73%) from the remainder with 4_celled egg apparatus, i.e. two eggs and two synergids. Neither the numerous poly_egg apparatus and egg_like cells, nor the double set of embryo sacs each containing one egg apparatus and other abnormal egg apparatus in single ovary, which were reported by earlier investigators to have high frequency of embryo production in SB_1 and ApⅣ, were observed. The egg cell was located at the subterminal site of the micropylar end of embryo sac. The cytoplasm of egg cell was rich in protein materials and polysaccharide grains, which did not disappear until the division of zygote. The prominent nucleus was closely surrounded by protein and polysaccharide grains, which did not disappear until the division of zygote. No cytological difference was found between egg cells from the normal and abnormal egg apparatus. The two synergids were fully developed and situated at the upper most part of the micropylar end of the mature embryo sac. In most embryo sacs, the synergids were flask_shaped with longer necks, and a widened cap_shaped top, in close contact with the micropyle. The synergids had a well developed filiform apparatus. The characteristic appearance of the filiform apparatus as well as the cap_neck region of synergids before and after pollen tube penetration were easily distinguishable from the egg cell. The structure, the stainability with Coomassie Brilliant Blue and PAS reaction, the process of accumulation, distribution and disapperance of the cytoplasmic protein materials and polysaccharide grains of the two synergids, the persistent and rarely the receptive synergids before and after pollen tube penetration, were closely similar to those of egg cell of the same developmental stage. In comparison with normal and other polyembryonic rice reported, the size of nucleus and nucleolus and their stainability also strongly resembled those of egg cell. Based on the results observed, the main conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) the additional embryos very frequently developed in the young and mature seed of polyembryonic rice ApⅢ were produced by one or two synergids of normal egg apparatus, rarely by 4_celled egg apparatus; (2) during fertilization, the synergids, in addition to the natural specific function of introducing pollen tube and transferring sperms to egg cell and central cell, could be closely associated with the potentiality to breed one or two additional embryos; and (3) as compared with that of normal or other polyembryonic rice it is firstly disclosed that in a few embryo sacs of ApⅢ, the cytoplasmic and nuclear structure, the active anabolism and catabolism of protein and polysaccharide materials and the delayed disorganization at the mid_basal region of the receptive and persistent synergid still remained unchanged before the division of zygote. Such salient features could be the predisposition for the origin of additional embryos in ApⅢ.

Structures of semantic networks: how do we learn semantic knowledge

Global semantic structures of two large semantic networks, HowNet and WordNet, are analyzed. It is found that they are both complex networks with features of small-world and scale-free, but with special properties. Exponents of power law degree distribution of these two networks are between 1.0 and 2. 0, different from most scale-free networks which have exponents near 3.0. Coefficients of degree correlation are lower than 0, similar to biological networks. The BA （Barabasi-Albert） model and other similar models cannot explain their dynamics. Relations between clustering coefficient and node degree obey scaling law, which suggests that there exist self-similar hierarchical structures in networks. The results suggest that structures of semantic networks are influenced by the ways we learn semantic knowledge such as aggregation and metaphor.

A Frequency-Independent Equivalent Circuit for High-k Stacked Monolithic Transformers

A new 2-Π lumped element equivalent circuit model for high-k stacked on-chip transformers is proposed. The model parameters are extracted with high precision, mainly based on analytical methods. The developed model enables fast and accurate time domain transient analysis and noise analysis in RFIC simulation since all elements in the model are fre- quency independent. The validity of the proposed model has been demonstrated by a fabricated monolithic stacked trans- former in TSMC＇s 0.13μm mixed-signal （MS）/RF CMOS＇ process.

Lossless Mapping from Semi-Structured Data to Structured Data

Most semi-structured data are of certain structure regularity. Having beenstored as structured data in relational database (RDB), they can be effectively managed by databasemanagement system (DBMS). Some semi-structured data are difficult to transform due to theirirregular structures. We design an efficient algorithm and data structure for ensuring losslesstransformation. We bring forward an approach of schema extraction through data mining, in whichdifferent kinds of elements are transformed respectively and lossless mapping from semi-structureddata to structured data can be achieved.

Crystallization inhibition of an amorphous sucrose system using raffinose

The shelf life of pure amorphous sucrose systems, such as cotton candy, can be very short. Previous studies have shown that amorphous sucrose systems held above the glass transition temperature will collapse and crystallize. One study, however, showed that adding a small percent of another type of sugar, such as trehalose, to sucrose can extend the shelf life of the amorphous system by slowing crystallization. This study explores the hypothesis that raffinose increases the stability of an amorphous sucrose system. Cotton candy at 5 wt% raffinose and 95 wt% sucrose was made and stored at room temperature and three different relative humidities (%RH) 11%RH, 33%RH, and 43%RH. XRD patterns, and glass transition temperatures were obtained to determine the stability as a function of %RH. The data collected showed that raffinose slows sucrose crystallization in a low moisture amorphous state above the glass transition temperature and therefore improves the stability of amorphous sucrose systems.

Template-free hydrothermal synthesis and gas-sensitivity of hollow-structured Cu_(0.3)Co_(2.7)O_(4) microspheres

Hollow-structured Cu_(0.3)Co_(2.7)O_(4) microspheres have been synthesized by a simple one-pot template-free hydrothermal method with copper sulfate,cobalt acetate and ammonia as raw materials.The products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction,energy dispersive X-ray analysis,selected area electron diffraction,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and BET measurements.The research results show that the hollow Cu_(0.3)Co_(2.7)O_(4) microspheres consist of single-crystalline nanocubes with the diameter of about 20 nm.The formation mechanism of hollow Cu_(0.3)Co_(2.7)O_(4) microspheres is suggested as Ostwald ripening in a solid-solution-solid process,and Cu_(0.3)Co_(2.7)O_(4) microspheres are mesoporous containing two pore sizes of 3.3 and 5.9 nm.The as-prepared Cu_(0.3)Co_(2.7)O_(4) sensors have optimal gas responses to 50×10^(−6) mg/m^(3) C_(2)H_(5)OH at 190℃.

Effect of quenching rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of commercial AA7108 aluminium alloy

A commercial AA7108 aluminium alloy subjected to different quenching procedures from the solid solution temperature of 480 ℃ was considered. Both continuously cooling and quenching to intermediate temperatures （400, 300 and 200 ℃） followed by different holding times were applied. All the materials were subsequently subjected to the same industrial two-step artificial ageing procedure to obtain a maximum strength （T6）. Tensile testing of the different quenched materials in the T6 temper reveals a large deviation in strength dependent on the cooling/holding time, compared with the reference sample. A collection of the different quenched materials was chosen for further investigation of the precipitate structure by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） to explain the differences in mechanical properties.

Structure and Classification of Haemocytes in the Bivalve Mollusc Meretrix meretrix

Light and electron microscopic studies were carried out in order to characterize haemocytes in the bivalve mollusc Meretrix meretrix. According to nucleus and cytoplasm characters, four types of haemocytes were recognized： agranular haemocytes, lymphoid haemocyte, large granular and small granular haemocytes. Agranular hamocyte is the main cell type, accounting for 75%. It is agranular with rich organelles in cytoplasm, including mitochondria, golgi body and endoplasmic reticulum. Glycogen deposits were usually found in this cell type. The number of lymphoid haemocyte accounts for 1% - 2%. This cell type is agranular and shows a high ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm. A few organelles were found. High electrondense granules with diameters of 0.2 - 0.5μm and rich organelles were found in small granular haemocyte. The proportion of this cell type is about 15%. Rich granules of high electron-dense with diameters of 0.8- 2.4μm were found in large granular haemocyte. The proportion of this cell type is about 10%, and the quantity of organelles is the least.

Synthesis of texture-excellent mesoporous alumina using PEG1000 as structure-directing agent

By varying concentration of PEG1000 as a structure-directing agent,mesoporous alumina with excellent textural properties was synthesized.The prepared mesoporous alumina displays high thermal stability,as shown by its textural properties at different calcination temperatures of 600-850 °C.Characterization by SEM and TEM revealed that the added PEG surfactant induced the formation of petal-like alumina.XRD results clarified that all samples were amorphous and their peaks were around the peaks of γ-alumina.N_2 adsorption-desorption analysis showed that the prepared mesoporous alumina,if with PEG1000 in hydrolysis of aluminum isopropoxide,had excellent textural properties with large specific surface area,high pore volume and suitable pore size.The petal-like structure existing in the alumina samples improved their textural parameters,and the role and influential mechanism of PEG1000 were analyzed.

Influences of Structure Disorder and Temperature on Properties of Proton Conductivity in Hydrogen-Bond Molecular Systems

The dynamic properties of proton conductivity along hydrogen-bonded molecular systems, for example, ice crystal, with structure disorder or damping and finite temperatures exposed in an externally applied electric-field have been numerically studied by Runge-Kutta way in our soliton model. The results obtained show that the proton-soliton is very robust against the structure disorder including the fluctuation of the force constant and disorder in the sequence of masses and thermal perturbation and damping of medium, the velocity of its conductivity increases with increasing of the externally applied electric-field and decreasing of the damping coefficient of medium, but the proton-soliton disperses for quite great fluctuation of the ＂force constant and damping coefficient. In the numerical simulation we find that the proton-soliton in our model is thermally stable in a large region of temperature of T ≤ 273 K under influences of damping and externally applied electric-field in ice crvstal. This shows that our model is available and appropriate to ice.