先锋叙事与人性救赎——网剧《开端》的叙事策略与文化诉求

网剧《开端》讲述了男女主人公经由一次次死而复生、成功阻止公交车爆炸的故事,在此过程中与其他乘客一起最终实现了由自救到救人的“人性救赎”。对于中国影视剧的创新发展来说,《开端》实现了形式与内容的双重突破。“时间循环”是《开端》令人眼前一亮的叙事策略,芸芸众生的现实境遇、对人性的深度挖掘是其震撼人心的力量所在,跨类型创作则是其独特叙事策略与文化诉求的完美对接。

ANALYSIS ON A TYPE OF SERVICING MACHINES MODEL WITH REPAIRABLE SERVICE STATION

This paper deals with a type of servicing machines model, which service station has a life time of the kth Er-langian distribution and can be repaired just like a new one. The cyclic time and the inefficiency quantities of this system in equilibrium are obtained.

Changing the balance of the MTO reaction dual-cycle mechanism: Reactions over ZSM-5 with varying contact times

The methanol to olefins （MTO） reaction was performed over ZSM‐5 zeolite at 300℃ under various methanol weight hourly space velocity （WHSV） values. During these trials, the catalytic perfor‐mance was assessed, in addition to the formation and function of organic compounds retained in the zeolite. Analysis of reaction effluents and confined organics demonstrated a dual‐cycle reaction mechanism when employing ZSM‐5. The extent of the hydrogen transfer reaction, a secondary reac‐tion in the MTO process, varied as the catalyst‐methanol contact time was changed. In addition, 12C/13C‐methanol switch experiments indicated a relationship between the dual‐cycle mechanism and the extent of the hydrogen transfer reaction. Reactions employing a low methanol WHSV in conjunction with a long contact time favored the hydrogen transfer reaction to give alkene products and promoted the generation and accumulation of retained organic species, such as aromatics and methylcyclopentadienes, which enhance the aromatic cycle. When using higher WHSV values, the reduced contact times lessened the extent of the hydrogen transfer reaction and limited the genera‐tion of methylcyclopentadienes and aromatic species. This suppressed the aromatic cycle, such that the alkene cycle became the dominant route during the MTO reaction.

Limited water infusion decreases pain during minimally sedated colonoscopy

AIM:To investigate a limited water infusion method in colonoscopy.METHODS:Consecutive patients undergoing minimally sedated colonoscopy were randomized to receive air insufflation(n = 89) or water infusion limited to the rectum,sigmoid colon and descending colon(n = 90).Completion rates,cecal intubation times,procedure times,need for abdominal compression,turning of patients and levels of discomfort were evaluated.RESULTS:Completion rates,total procedure times,need for abdominal compression,and turning of patients were similar between groups.Less pain was experienced in the water group than in the air group(2.5 ± 2.5 vs 3.4 ± 2.8,mean ± SD,P = 0.021).The cecal intubation time was significantly longer in the water group than in the air group(6.4 ± 3.1 min vs 4.5 ± 2.4 min,P < 0.001).More water was infused in the water group(322 ± 80.9 mL vs 26.2 ± 39.4 mL,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Limited airless water infusion in the distal colon reduces patients' pain during colonoscopy.

Calculation of all-time apparent resistivity of large loop transient electromagnetic method with very fast simulated annealing

In large loop transient electromagnetic method(TEM),the late time apparent resistivity formula cannot truly reflect the geoelectric model,thus it needs to define the all-time apparent resistivity with the position information of measuring point.Utilizing very fast simulated annealing(VFSA) to fit the theoretical electromagnetic force(EMF) and measured EMF could obtain the all-time apparent resistivity of the measuring points in rectangular transmitting loop.The selective cope of initial model of VFSA could be confirmed by taking the late time apparent resistivity of transient electromagnetic method as the prior information.For verifying the correctness,the all-time apparent resistivities of the geoelectric models were calculated by VFSA and dichotomy,respectively.The results indicate that the relative differences of apparent resistivities calculated by these two methods are within 3%.The change of measuring point position has little influence on the tracing pattern of all-time apparent resistivity.The first branch of the curve of all-time apparent resistivity is close to the resistivity of the first layer medium and the last branch is close to the resistivity of the last layer medium,which proves the correctness of the arithmetics proposed.

Bottleneck Prediction Method Based on Improved Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) in Semiconductor Manufacturing System

Semiconductor manufacturing (SM) system is one of the most complicated hybrid processes involved continuously variable dynamical systems and discrete event dynamical systems. The optimization and scheduling of semiconductor fabrication has long been a hot research direction in automation. Bottleneck is the key factor to a SM system, which seriously influences the throughput rate, cycle time, time-delivery rate, etc. Efficient prediction for the bottleneck of a SM system provides the best support for the consequent scheduling. Because categorical data (product types, releasing strategies) and numerical data (work in process, processing time, utilization rate, buffer length, etc.) have significant effect on bottleneck, an improved adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was adopted in this study to predict bottleneck since conventional neural network-based methods accommodate only numerical inputs. In this improved ANFIS, the contribution of categorical inputs to firing strength is reflected through a transformation matrix. In order to tackle high-dimensional inputs, reduce the number of fuzzy rules and obtain high prediction accuracy, a fuzzy c-means method combining binary tree linear division method was applied to identify the initial structure of fuzzy inference system. According to the experimental results, the main-bottleneck and sub-bottleneck of SM system can be predicted accurately with the proposed method.

An Algorithm to Find K Shortest Path

In this figure, it finds a vertex to another vertex k shortest path algorithm. Provided there are n vertices and edges in the diagram. If the path loops, the time complexity of the algorithm is allowed O（w ＋ n log 2 n ＋ kw log 2 k）. If the request path does not contain the loop, the time complexity of the algorithm O（kn（w ＋ n log2 n）＋ kw log2 k）. The algorithm utilizes a simple extension of the Dijkstra algorithm determined the end of the length of the shortest path to the other vertices, and then, based on these data, branch and bound method to identify the required path. Experimental results show that the actual running time has relations with the structure of FIG.

Synthesis and Scheduling of Optimal Batch Water-recycle Networks

This work develops an optimization-based methodology for the design and scheduling of batch water recycle networks. This task requires the identification of network configuration, fresh-water usage, recycle assignments from sources to sinks, wastewater discharge, and a scheduling scheme. A new source-tank-sink representation is developed to allow for storage and dispatch tanks. The problem is solved in stages by first eliminating scheduling constraints and determining minimum usage of fresh water and wastewater discharge. An iterative procedure is formulated to minimize the total annual cost of the system by trading off capital versus operating costs. The work overcomes limitations in previous literature work including restricted recycle within the same cycle, lumped balances that may not lead to feasible solutions, and unrealistic objective functions. A case study is solved to illustrate the usefulness of the devised procedure.

Coronary artery bypass grafting in the octogenarians： should we intervene, or leave them be？

Objective Coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） is gradually increasing in the elderly population. We aimed to investigate the risk factors and the results of CABG along with the long term survival in patients at an age of 80 and older. Methods Between Januaa-y 2002 and December 201 I, a total of i01 consecutive patients at an age of S0 and older who underwent CABG in our hospital were included in the study. The patients were followed and the long-term survival was estimated. Results The mean age of the patients was 82.98 ~ 2.27 years. Sixty-four （63.4%） were males and 37 （36.6%） were females. Emergency surgery, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, the intensive care unit （ICU） stay, inotropic support, intra aortic balloon pulsation application, amount oferythrocyte transfusion and flesh frozen plasma transfusion and ventilation period were significantly higher in the patients who died in the hospital. The duration of cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） was found to be an inde- pendent predictor of mortality （OR： 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.38, P = 0.034）. The in-hospital mortality was 16.8%. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed a survival ratio of 91.3% at one year, 82.9% at three years and 69.0% at five years. Conclusions Patients at the age of 80 and older can be candidates for the CABG procedure bearing in mind that they may have a longer ventilation period and intensive care unit stay. The morbidity and mortality of this age group is considered within an acceptable range. Approaches to minimize CPB, or the choice of off-pump surgery, may be a preventive method to lower the incidence of mortality. Hence, CABG may be performed in this age group with a satisfactory survival ratio.

Cascade control based on minimum sensitivity in outer loop for processes with time delay

A new cascade control program was proposed based on modified internal model control to handle stable,unstable and integrating processes with time delay.The program had totally four controllers of which the secondary loop had two controllers and the primary loop had two controllers.The two secondary loop controllers were designed using IMC technique.They were decoupled completely and could be adjusted independently,which avoided the undesirable influence on performance of the primary controllers.The main controller in the primary loop was devised as a PID using the method of minimum sensitivity,which could guarantee not only the nominal performance but also the robust stability of the system.A setpoint filter was added in the primary loop to improve the tracking performance.All the controllers of the two closed-loops were designed analytically,and could be adjusted and optimized by single parameter respectively.Simulations were carried out on three various processes with time delay,and the results show that the proposed method can provide a better performance of both set-point tracking and disturbance rejection and robustness against parameters perturbation.

Length of stay in urban areas of circular migrants from the mountainous areas in China

Currently, there is limited literature dealing with the length of stay of circular migrants in urban areas （LSCMU）, although many studies have discussed the phenomenon of migration and the determinants of migration. This study attempts to fill that gap using survey data from the mountainous areas of Chongqing, Southwest China. From a comparative perspective, this study divided workers into two groups （a young group aged between 16 and 35 years and an old group aged between 36 and 65 years）. The average LSCMU values for the young and old groups were 225 days and ~74 days, respectively. Two multi-regression models were used to estimate the determinants of LSCMU in the two groups. The results showed that LSCMU was closely related to individual factors in both groups, including gender, age and job training. Family and community factors, including household size, arable land per capita and the distance from market, had much weaker effects on the dependent variable, especially in the older group. It was noticeable that job training had significant positive effects on LSCMU in both groups; these findings have special implications for the urbanization process in China.

Robust sliding mode control for uncertain discrete time systems

A novel variable structure control (VSC) strategy with a dynamic disturbance compensator based on the reaching law for a class of uncertain discrete systems is presented. The robust stability to disturbance and the system dynamics in the vicinity of the switching plane are studied. A measure of the uncertain parameters and external disturbance is obtained through delaying every sampling time. Theoretical analysis and experimental simulation results demonstrate that the dynamic performance and robustness of the closed-loop system are improved effectively.

Hydrodynamics of Liquid Flow in the Model of Theoretical Stage with Perfect Displacement

For the cyclic process of mass transfer in tray columns there are considered the hydrodynamic models of liquid flow during steam supply and during overflow of liquid from tray to tray. During steam supply, the hydrodynamic model is determined as perfect displacement model, and during liquid overflow, it is described as cell model. There were received the characteristics of liquid flow as follows： average residence time of liquid, degree of dispersion around the mean on the tray, number of perfect mixing cells depending on multiplication factor of exchange of liquid delay. In Y-X coordinates there is depicted a work line and theoretical stage of perfect displacement model. There were considered the conditions of mutual transfer of theoretical stage and theoretical stage with perfect displacement. The advantages of the mass transfer cyclic process to the stationary one arc stated.

A Modified Multi-Agent System for Simple Assembly Line Balancing

In this paper, a modified multi-agent system for assembly line balancing is proposed. Each worker in the assembly line is regarded as an agent, and two neighboring agents exchange information about the allocated tasks. To balance the workload, an agent with a smaller workload sends a request message to his/her neighboring agent, who has a larger workload, to exchange tasks between them. Without any centralized control mechanism, each agent behaves to achieve their goal, which is to balance the workload. A tabu list and cooling control are also incorporated. However, the effectiveness of the previous system is limited, and the system depends on problems to be solved. As such, a modified system is proposed. In the proposed system, the cycle time is used when considering the proposal of exchange of allocated tasks instead of the task time allocated to the neighboring workers. Also, in the proposed system, the length of tabu list is determined dynamically based on the current number of possible exchanges, and the best cycle time in the search with cooling at medium speed is recorded for the second search that is finished when the current cycle time reaches the recorded cycle time. The effectiveness of the modified system is investigated by solving problems for various conditions. The results show that the proposed system is effective regardless of the problems that are encountered.

A NOVEL METHOD FOR PLANNING A STAGED EVACUATION

This paper presents an innovative method to facilitate making such a plan. Using an algorithm to schedule the starting time of each evacuation group, the method guarantees that the time of completing a large-scale evacuation is very close to its theoretically shortest evacuation time. Meanwhile, unlike a simultaneous evacuation, during a staged evacuation planned with the proposed method, all evacuees can take the shortest path to a safe exit. Once evacuees start off, they will not suffer any traffic congestion. The above advantages of this innovative method are achieved by using an algorithm with three nested loops. Experiments have been conducted, and their results have validated the proposed method.

Formation time of the big mantle wedge beneath eastern China and a new lithospheric thinning mechanism of the North China craton—Geodynamic effects of deep recycled carbon

High-resolution P wave tomography shows that the subducting Pacific slab is stagnant in the mantle transition zone and forms a big mantle wedge beneath eastern China. The Mg isotopic investigation of large numbers of mantle-derived volcanic rocks from eastern China has revealed that carbonates carried by the subducted slab have been recycled into the upper mantle and formed carbonated peridotite overlying the mantle transition zone, which becomes the sources of various basalts. These basalts display light Mg isotopic compositions(δ26 Mg = –0.60‰ to –0.30‰) and relatively low87 Sr/86 Sr ratios(0.70314–0.70564) with ages ranging from 106 Ma to Quaternary, suggesting that their mantle source had been hybridized by recycled magnesite with minor dolomite and their initial melting occurred at 300-360 km in depth. Therefore, the carbonate metasomatism of their mantle source should have occurred at the depth larger than 360 km, which means that the subducted slab should be stagnant in the mantle transition zone forming the big mantle wedge before 106 Ma. This timing supports the rollback model of subducting slab to form the big mantle wedge. Based on high P-T experiment results, when carbonated silicate melts produced by partial melting of carbonated peridotite was raising and reached the bottom(180–120 km in depth) of cratonic lithosphere in North China, the carbonated silicate melts should have 25–18 wt% CO2 contents, with lower Si O2 and Al2 O3 contents, and higher Ca O/Al2 O3 values, similar to those of nephelinites and basanites, and have higher εNdvalues(2 to 6). The carbonatited silicate melts migrated upward and metasomatized the overlying lithospheric mantle, resulting in carbonated peridotite in the bottom of continental lithosphere beneath eastern China. As the craton lithospheric geotherm intersects the solidus of carbonated peridotite at 130 km in depth, the carbonated peridotite in the bottom of cratonic lithosphere should be partially melted, thus its physical characters are similar to the asthenosphere and it could be easily replaced by convective mantle. The newly formed carbonated silicate melts will migrate upward and metasomatize the overlying lithospheric mantle. Similarly, such metasomatism and partial melting processes repeat, and as a result the cratonic lithosphere in North China would be thinning and the carbonated silicate partial melts will be transformed to high-Si O2 alkali basalts with lower εNdvalues(to-2). As the lithospheric thinning goes on,initial melting depth of carbonated peridotite must decrease from 130 km to close 70 km, because the craton geotherm changed to approach oceanic lithosphere geotherm along with lithospheric thinning of the North China craton. Consequently, the interaction between carbonated silicate melt and cratonic lithosphere is a possible mechanism for lithosphere thinning of the North China craton during the late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Based on the age statistics of low δ26 Mg basalts in eastern China, the lithospheric thinning processes caused by carbonated metasomatism and partial melting in eastern China are limited in a timespan from 106 to25 Ma, but increased quickly after 25 Ma. Therefore, there are two peak times for the lithospheric thinning of the North China craton: the first peak in 135-115 Ma simultaneously with the cratonic destruction, and the second peak caused by interaction between carbonated silicate melt and lithosphere mainly after 25 Ma. The later decreased the lithospheric thickness to about70 km in the eastern part of North China craton.

Optimization of parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation promotes peripheral circulation

OBJECTIVE:To explore the most effective parameters of Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation for improving peripheral blood circulation.METHODS:A total of 45 volunteers were recruited from Pudong district in Shanghai,China,from October to December 2010,and randomly divided into nine groups using computer-generated random numbers.Participants received Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation on Chengjin(BL 56) acupoint;each group received a particular combination of manipulation force and treatment time.We used a two-factor,three-level factorial design to examine the effects of force and treatment time on changes in popliteal artery average volume flow,pulsatility index,and vessel diameter to determine the optimal parameter group.Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after Tuina manipulation by interviewers blind to treatment group status.RESULTS:After manipulation,two of the nine groups showed an increase in popliteal artery volume flow.An inter-participants effect test showed that for main effect of time,F = 0.331,P = 0.720;for main effect of force,F = 2.934,P = 0.066;and for the force-time interaction effect,F = 1.072,P = 0.385,indicating no interaction between force and time.However,a pairwise comparison of the three levels of time showed that a treatment time of 10 min was significantly more effective than that of 2 min(P = 0.024).A pairwise comparison of light force,medium force,and heavy force showed a statistically significant effect for medium force(P = 0.035).CONCLUSION:Yi Zhi Chan Tuina manipulation with vertical force of 9.31 N for 10 min is most effective in improving peripheral circulation.

Efficiency at Maximum Power Output of a Quantum-Mechanical Brayton Cycle

The performance in finite time of a quantum-mechanical Brayton engine cycle is discussed, without intro- duction of temperature. The engine model consists of two quantum isoenergetic and two quantum isobaric processes, and works with a single particle in a harmonic trap. Directly employing the finite-time thermodynamics, the efficiency at maximum power output is determined. Extending the harmonic trap to a power-law trap, we find that the efficiency at max/mum power is independent of any parameter involved in the model, but depends on the confinement of the trapping potential.

Loop formation and stability of self-avoiding polymer chains

Using 3-dimensional Langevin dynamics simulations, we investigated the dynamics of loop formation of chains with excluded volume interactions, and the stability of the formed loop. The mean looping time ι1/scales with chain length N and corresponding scaling exponent α increases linearly with the capture radius scaled by the Kuhn length a/l due to the effect of finite chain length. We also showed that the probability density function of the looping time is well fitted by a single exponential. Finally, we found that the mean unlooping time ιu hardly depends on chain length N for a given a/l and that the stability of a formed loop is enhanced with increasing a/l.

Closed Timelike Curves in Type Ⅱ Non-Vacuum Spacetime

Here we present a cyclicly symmetric non-vacuum spacetime, admitting closed timelike curves(CTCs) which appear after a certain instant of time,i.e.,a time-machine spacetime. The spacetime is asymptotically flat, freefrom curvature singularities and a four-dimensional extension of the Misner space in curved spacetime. The spacetime is of type Ⅱ in the Petrov classification scheme and the matter field pure radiation satisfy the energy condition.