Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a novel technology that facilitates highly effective and noninvasive imaging of the small bowel. Although its effi cacy in the evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) has been ...Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a novel technology that facilitates highly effective and noninvasive imaging of the small bowel. Although its effi cacy in the evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) has been proven in several trials, data on uses of CE in different small bowel diseases are rapidly accumulating in the literature, and it has been found to be superior to alternative diagnostic tools in a range of such diseases. Based on literature evidence, CE is recommended as a first-line investigation for OGIB after negative bi-directional endoscopy. CE has gained an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of Crohn's disease and celiac disease and in the surveillance of small bowel tumors and polyps in selected patients. Capsule retention is the major complication, with a frequency of 1%-2%. The purpose of this review was to discuss the procedure, indications, contraindications and adverse effects associated with CE. We also review and share our five-year experience with CE in various small bowel diseases. The recently developed balloon-assisted enteroscopies have both diagnostic and therapeutic capability. At the present time, CE and balloon-assisted enteroscopies are complementary techniques in the diagnosis and management of small bowel diseases.展开更多
[Objective] This research aimed at studying the mechanism of the occurrence of epithelial cell loss in bladders of prenatal and postnatal mice. [Method] Bladder epithelia of 1-2-day-old newborn Kunming mice and mice a...[Objective] This research aimed at studying the mechanism of the occurrence of epithelial cell loss in bladders of prenatal and postnatal mice. [Method] Bladder epithelia of 1-2-day-old newborn Kunming mice and mice at later period of embryonic development were acquired, and paraffin sections of such epithelia were then made for Mallory's coloration and ordinary optical microscopic observation. The acquired bladder epithelia were made into frozen sections, which were then colored by DAPI and labeled in situ by Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl Transferase Mediated Nick End Labeling(TUNEL) for fluorescent microscopic observation. DNA electrophoresis and TUNEL in situ labeling were conducted on the acquired urine exfoliated cells. [Result] The results showed that the complete three layers of cells occurred in 20-day-old mouse embryos, whereas no superficial cells resided in the bladder epithelia of newborn mice and no cells exfoliating were observed. Cells exfoliating from the bladder epithelia of newborn mice were observed, and they exhibited the phenomenon of apoptosis. There were apoptosis existed in the urine cells of newborn mice. [Conclusion] Therefore, the results showed that a few days before and after their birth, mice witnessed the process of cell exfoliation in their bladder epithelia and the exfoliated cells showed typical characteristics of apoptosis.展开更多
This work focusing on studying the biocompatibility and the effect of gelatin porous scaffold on the characteristics of human osteoblast like cells, including proliferation, adhesion, scaffold-cell interaction and its...This work focusing on studying the biocompatibility and the effect of gelatin porous scaffold on the characteristics of human osteoblast like cells, including proliferation, adhesion, scaffold-cell interaction and its potential to induce bone regeneration. Osteoblast like cells were seeded on gelatin/genipin scaffolds for 7, 14 and 21 days. Cell proliferation assay, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution scanning electron microscopy were carried to evaluate cell viability, cell adhesion and the production of extracellular matrix. Cell proliferation assay showed a high biocompatibility of the material. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy showed a strong adhesion of MG63 ceils on the surface of gelatin scaffold and high penetration in the macroporosities of the material. TEM analysis showed an intense production of extracellular matrix protein. In vitro analysis indicated a good biocompatibility of the scaffold and presents it as a potential candidate material for tissue engineering.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli（ST 36） on gastrointestinal function of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods： Totally 120 patients und...Objective： To observe the effect of acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli（ST 36） on gastrointestinal function of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods： Totally 120 patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized into an acupoint injection group, a muscular injection group, and a blank control group at 1：1：1 by random number table, 40 cases in each group. The blank control group was intervened by conventional post-operation treatment, the acupoint injection group was by acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 m L at bilateral Zusanli（ST 36） in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group, and the muscular injection group was by muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 m L in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group. The two injection groups both received injection twice a day, totally for 3 d at most. The restored time of bowel sounds, initial flatulence time, defecation time and clinical efficacy were observed. Results： After treatment, there were significant differences in comparing the restored time of bowel sounds among the three groups（F=17.30, P〈0.05）, the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group were significantly different from the blank control group（P〈0.05）, and there was a significant difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group（P〈0.05）; there were significant differences in comparing the initial flatulence time among the three groups（F=19.12, P〈0.05）, and the acupoint injection group was significantly different from the muscular injection group and the blank control group（P〈0.05）; there were significant differences in comparing the initial defecation time among the three groups（χ^2=21.23, P〈0.05）, while the difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group was statistically insignificant（P〈0.05）. The total effective rate was 87.5% in the acupoint injection group, versus 72.5% in the muscular injection group and 60.0% in the blank control group, and there were significant differences among the three groups（P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli（ST 36） can shorten the restored time of bowel sounds and flatulence time in patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the efficacy is more significant compared to muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate.展开更多
Single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWCNTs） illuminated by white light should appear colored due to resonance Rayleigh scattering. However, true-color imaging of SWCNTs on substrates has not been reported, because of th...Single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWCNTs） illuminated by white light should appear colored due to resonance Rayleigh scattering. However, true-color imaging of SWCNTs on substrates has not been reported, because of the extremely low scattering intensity of SWCNTs and the strong substrate scattering. Here we show that Rayleigh scattering can be greatly enhanced by the interface dipole enhancement effect. Consequently colorful SWCNTs on substrates can be directly imaged under an optical microscope by wide field supercontinuum laser illumination, which facilitates high throughput chirality assignment of individual SWCNTs. This approach, termed ＂Rayleigh imaging microscopy＂, is not restricted to SWCNTs, but widely applicable to a variety of nanomaterials, which enables the colorful nanoworld to be explored under optical microscopes.展开更多
文摘Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a novel technology that facilitates highly effective and noninvasive imaging of the small bowel. Although its effi cacy in the evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) has been proven in several trials, data on uses of CE in different small bowel diseases are rapidly accumulating in the literature, and it has been found to be superior to alternative diagnostic tools in a range of such diseases. Based on literature evidence, CE is recommended as a first-line investigation for OGIB after negative bi-directional endoscopy. CE has gained an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of Crohn's disease and celiac disease and in the surveillance of small bowel tumors and polyps in selected patients. Capsule retention is the major complication, with a frequency of 1%-2%. The purpose of this review was to discuss the procedure, indications, contraindications and adverse effects associated with CE. We also review and share our five-year experience with CE in various small bowel diseases. The recently developed balloon-assisted enteroscopies have both diagnostic and therapeutic capability. At the present time, CE and balloon-assisted enteroscopies are complementary techniques in the diagnosis and management of small bowel diseases.
基金Supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province(162102110092)
文摘[Objective] This research aimed at studying the mechanism of the occurrence of epithelial cell loss in bladders of prenatal and postnatal mice. [Method] Bladder epithelia of 1-2-day-old newborn Kunming mice and mice at later period of embryonic development were acquired, and paraffin sections of such epithelia were then made for Mallory's coloration and ordinary optical microscopic observation. The acquired bladder epithelia were made into frozen sections, which were then colored by DAPI and labeled in situ by Terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl Transferase Mediated Nick End Labeling(TUNEL) for fluorescent microscopic observation. DNA electrophoresis and TUNEL in situ labeling were conducted on the acquired urine exfoliated cells. [Result] The results showed that the complete three layers of cells occurred in 20-day-old mouse embryos, whereas no superficial cells resided in the bladder epithelia of newborn mice and no cells exfoliating were observed. Cells exfoliating from the bladder epithelia of newborn mice were observed, and they exhibited the phenomenon of apoptosis. There were apoptosis existed in the urine cells of newborn mice. [Conclusion] Therefore, the results showed that a few days before and after their birth, mice witnessed the process of cell exfoliation in their bladder epithelia and the exfoliated cells showed typical characteristics of apoptosis.
文摘This work focusing on studying the biocompatibility and the effect of gelatin porous scaffold on the characteristics of human osteoblast like cells, including proliferation, adhesion, scaffold-cell interaction and its potential to induce bone regeneration. Osteoblast like cells were seeded on gelatin/genipin scaffolds for 7, 14 and 21 days. Cell proliferation assay, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution scanning electron microscopy were carried to evaluate cell viability, cell adhesion and the production of extracellular matrix. Cell proliferation assay showed a high biocompatibility of the material. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy showed a strong adhesion of MG63 ceils on the surface of gelatin scaffold and high penetration in the macroporosities of the material. TEM analysis showed an intense production of extracellular matrix protein. In vitro analysis indicated a good biocompatibility of the scaffold and presents it as a potential candidate material for tissue engineering.
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli（ST 36） on gastrointestinal function of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods： Totally 120 patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomized into an acupoint injection group, a muscular injection group, and a blank control group at 1：1：1 by random number table, 40 cases in each group. The blank control group was intervened by conventional post-operation treatment, the acupoint injection group was by acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 m L at bilateral Zusanli（ST 36） in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group, and the muscular injection group was by muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate 2 m L in addition to the treatment given to the blank control group. The two injection groups both received injection twice a day, totally for 3 d at most. The restored time of bowel sounds, initial flatulence time, defecation time and clinical efficacy were observed. Results： After treatment, there were significant differences in comparing the restored time of bowel sounds among the three groups（F=17.30, P〈0.05）, the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group were significantly different from the blank control group（P〈0.05）, and there was a significant difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group（P〈0.05）; there were significant differences in comparing the initial flatulence time among the three groups（F=19.12, P〈0.05）, and the acupoint injection group was significantly different from the muscular injection group and the blank control group（P〈0.05）; there were significant differences in comparing the initial defecation time among the three groups（χ^2=21.23, P〈0.05）, while the difference between the acupoint injection group and muscular injection group was statistically insignificant（P〈0.05）. The total effective rate was 87.5% in the acupoint injection group, versus 72.5% in the muscular injection group and 60.0% in the blank control group, and there were significant differences among the three groups（P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Acupoint injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate at Zusanli（ST 36） can shorten the restored time of bowel sounds and flatulence time in patients undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and the efficacy is more significant compared to muscular injection with Neostigmine Methylsulfate.
基金The authors would like to thank Prof. Feng Wang, Prof. Xuedong Bai, and Prof. Kaihui Liu for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China （No. 2012CB932301） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 90921012, 11321091, 51102144, 11274190, and 51102147）.
文摘Single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWCNTs） illuminated by white light should appear colored due to resonance Rayleigh scattering. However, true-color imaging of SWCNTs on substrates has not been reported, because of the extremely low scattering intensity of SWCNTs and the strong substrate scattering. Here we show that Rayleigh scattering can be greatly enhanced by the interface dipole enhancement effect. Consequently colorful SWCNTs on substrates can be directly imaged under an optical microscope by wide field supercontinuum laser illumination, which facilitates high throughput chirality assignment of individual SWCNTs. This approach, termed ＂Rayleigh imaging microscopy＂, is not restricted to SWCNTs, but widely applicable to a variety of nanomaterials, which enables the colorful nanoworld to be explored under optical microscopes.
