大学生存在跨期决策近期偏好,容易产生超前消费行为。本文采用经典选择任务范式,探讨图形框架如何助推大学生跨期决策,并进一步探讨认知负荷对框架效应的影响机制。结果发现:1) 图形框架有效助推跨期决策。突出时间时,大学生倾向于即时...大学生存在跨期决策近期偏好,容易产生超前消费行为。本文采用经典选择任务范式,探讨图形框架如何助推大学生跨期决策,并进一步探讨认知负荷对框架效应的影响机制。结果发现:1) 图形框架有效助推跨期决策。突出时间时,大学生倾向于即时满足;突出金钱时,倾向于延迟满足。2) 认知负荷不直接影响框架效应,高、低认知负荷的大学生均表现出显著的图形框架效应。3) 认知负荷通过削弱分析系统影响框架效应。使用分析系统进行信息加工时,低认知负荷的大学生倾向于延迟满足,高认知负荷的大学生使用启发式策略,其决策受图形框架影响。结论:图形框架可以有效助推跨期决策,且繁杂信息一般不会对其产生影响,与双加工理论的默认干预模型一致。College students exhibit a preference for near-term outcomes in intertemporal decision-making, which often leads to impulsive consumption behavior. Employing the classical choice task paradigm, commonly used in psychology, we explore how graphical frames influence college students’ intertemporal decision-making and further delve into the mechanism by which cognitive load affects the framework effect. Our findings reveal: 1) Graphical frames effectively influence intertemporal choices. When time is emphasized, students tend towards immediate gratification;conversely, when money is highlighted, they prefer delayed gratification. 2) Both high and low cognitive load college students exhibit significant graphical frame effects. 3) Cognitive load influences the framework effect by weakening the analytical system. Specifically, when using the analytical system to process information, college students with low cognitive load tend to delay gratification, whereas those with high cognitive load rely on heuristic strategies, and their decisions are influenced by the graphical frames. In conclusion, graphical frames can effectively facilitate intertemporal decision-making, and complex information generally does not detract from this effect, which is consistent with the default intervention model of dual processing theory.展开更多
A cost-based selective maintenance decision-making method was presented.The purpose of this method was to find an optimal choice of maintenance actions to be performed on a selected group of machines for manufacturing...A cost-based selective maintenance decision-making method was presented.The purpose of this method was to find an optimal choice of maintenance actions to be performed on a selected group of machines for manufacturing systems.The arithmetic reduction of intensity model was introduced to describe the influence on machine failure intensity by different maintenance actions (preventive maintenance,minimal repair and overhaul).In the meantime,a resolution algorithm combining the greedy heuristic rules with genetic algorithm was provided.Finally,a case study of the maintenance decision-making problem of automobile workshop was given.Furthermore,the case study demonstrates the practicability of this method.展开更多
文摘大学生存在跨期决策近期偏好,容易产生超前消费行为。本文采用经典选择任务范式,探讨图形框架如何助推大学生跨期决策,并进一步探讨认知负荷对框架效应的影响机制。结果发现:1) 图形框架有效助推跨期决策。突出时间时,大学生倾向于即时满足;突出金钱时,倾向于延迟满足。2) 认知负荷不直接影响框架效应,高、低认知负荷的大学生均表现出显著的图形框架效应。3) 认知负荷通过削弱分析系统影响框架效应。使用分析系统进行信息加工时,低认知负荷的大学生倾向于延迟满足,高认知负荷的大学生使用启发式策略,其决策受图形框架影响。结论:图形框架可以有效助推跨期决策,且繁杂信息一般不会对其产生影响,与双加工理论的默认干预模型一致。College students exhibit a preference for near-term outcomes in intertemporal decision-making, which often leads to impulsive consumption behavior. Employing the classical choice task paradigm, commonly used in psychology, we explore how graphical frames influence college students’ intertemporal decision-making and further delve into the mechanism by which cognitive load affects the framework effect. Our findings reveal: 1) Graphical frames effectively influence intertemporal choices. When time is emphasized, students tend towards immediate gratification;conversely, when money is highlighted, they prefer delayed gratification. 2) Both high and low cognitive load college students exhibit significant graphical frame effects. 3) Cognitive load influences the framework effect by weakening the analytical system. Specifically, when using the analytical system to process information, college students with low cognitive load tend to delay gratification, whereas those with high cognitive load rely on heuristic strategies, and their decisions are influenced by the graphical frames. In conclusion, graphical frames can effectively facilitate intertemporal decision-making, and complex information generally does not detract from this effect, which is consistent with the default intervention model of dual processing theory.
基金Project(51105141,51275191)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2009AA043301)supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2012TS073)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University of HUST,China
文摘A cost-based selective maintenance decision-making method was presented.The purpose of this method was to find an optimal choice of maintenance actions to be performed on a selected group of machines for manufacturing systems.The arithmetic reduction of intensity model was introduced to describe the influence on machine failure intensity by different maintenance actions (preventive maintenance,minimal repair and overhaul).In the meantime,a resolution algorithm combining the greedy heuristic rules with genetic algorithm was provided.Finally,a case study of the maintenance decision-making problem of automobile workshop was given.Furthermore,the case study demonstrates the practicability of this method.
