浮选法的启发:淘金法在冶金考古田野发掘中的应用——以环珠江口先秦冶金考古为例

把淘金法和"水选法"移植到冶金考古田野发掘中,是一种新的探索和尝试,具有可行性和广泛的应用前景.以环珠江口地区的先秦冶金考古为例,阐述将这种方法应用于冶金考古的田野发掘工作中,对中国冶金技术起源与发展的深入研究,可提供更多实用的考古分析材料.

Bacillus sp. Treatment of Wastewater Containing Antimony

Antimony ore dressing wastewater was treated by using Bacillus sp. and the influences of treatment time, temperature, inoculation size, and pH value on Sb removal effect were explored. The results showed that the best removal efficiency of Sb in mineral processing wastewater could reach 99.75% in 4 d under the optimum conditions of 30 ℃, microbial inoculated quantity 5%, and pH value at 2.0. After the treatment, the concentration of Sb in wastewater was reduced from 122.21 to 0.30mg/L, which was lower than the local industrial wastewater discharge standard of0.50 mg/L.

Separation of Oil from Wastewater by Column Flotation

A new type of device,a dissolved-air flotation column,was developed for separation of oily wastewater. The unique design idea of the dissolved-air flotation column is the combined use of dissolved-air flotation and column flotation. The dissolved air release occurred within the column separation system. As a potential application the column was investigated for its performance in separating emulsified oil droplets in oily wastewater. A high separation efficiency was obtained in a series of tests. The aeration performance of the bubble generator used in the dissolved-air flotation column was also studied in particular.

Colorectal cancer screening behavior and willingness:An outpatient survey in China

AIM： To identity the factors influencing colorectal cancer （CRC） screening behavior and willingness among Chinese outpatients.METHODS： An outpatient-based face-to-face survey was conducted from August 18 to September 7, 2010 in Changhai Hospital. A total of 1200 consecutive patients aged ≥ 18 years were recruited for interview. The patient＇s knowledge about CRC and screening was pre-measured as a predictor variable, and other pre- dictors included age, gender, educational level, month- ly household income and health insurance status. The relationship between these predictors and screening behavior, screening willingness and screening approach were examined using Pearson＇s 2 test and logistic regression analyses.RESULTS： Of these outpatients, 22.5% had undergone CRC screening prior to this study. Patients who had participated in the screening were more likely to have good knowledge about CRC and screening （OR： 5.299, 95% CI： 3.415-8.223）, have health insurance （OR： 1.996, 95% CI： 1.426-2.794） and older in age. Higher income, however, was found to be a barrier to the screening （OR： 0.633, 95% CI： 0.467-0.858）. An analysis of screening willingness showed that 37.5% of the patients would voluntarily participated in a screen at the recommended age, but 41.3% would do so under doctor＇s advice. Screening willingness was positively correlated with the patient＇s knowledge sta- tus. Patients with higher knowledge levels would like to participate in the screening （OR： 4.352, 95% CI： 3.008-6.298）, and they would select colonoscopy as a screening approach （OR： 3.513, 95% CI： 2.290-5.389）. However, higher income level was, again, a bar- rier to colonoscopic screening （OR： 0.667, 95% CI： 0.505-0.908）. CONCLUSION： Patient＇s level of knowledge and in-ome should be taken into consideration when conducting a feasible CRC screening.

Removal of phosphate from municipal sewage by high gradient magnetic separation

The removal of phosphate from municipal sewage by high gradient magnetic separation using aluminium sulphate as precipitating agent and Fe3O4 as seeding material was studied. The effects of aluminium sulphate, Fe3O4, magnetic field intensity, pH value and flow-rate of sewage on phosphorus removal rate were investigated. The results show that addition of 200 mg/L Al2（SO4）3·18H2O and 300 mg/L Fe3O4, magnetic field intensity of 200 kA/m, pH value of 4.57.0 and flow-rate of 6.15 cm/s are both efficient and economic technical parameters for removal of phosphate. The pH value has a tremendous effect on the removal of phosphate. In the pH range of （4.5）7.0, more than 95% phosphate can be removed. Theoretical analysis indicates that the solubility of AlPO4 is minimum at pH 4.07.0 and the electrostatic attractive force between AlPO4 and Fe3O4 is maximum at pH 4.5（6.5.）

Colorectal cancer screening behavior and willingness

The outpatient-based study by Deng et al [World J Gastroenterol 2011 July 14; 17(26): 3133-3139] on the factors that may influence the colorectal cancer (CRC) screening feasibility, encouraged our curiosity. Establishing a simple method for quickly assessing the educational level of patients and modulating a questionnaire for each type of patient, may be an effective protocol to increase the people participation, mainly in countries where sufficient medical resources and financial support are lacking. In fact, the knowledge directly affects the feasibility when screening is offered. Patient educational level influences the understanding of the knowledge and the screening method. This factor may affect patient's priority level on the study participation, the understanding of questions, and the motivation to complete the questionnaire and, consequently, the screening success. Recent studies have found a relationship between high educational level and CRC screening participation, and emphasized the question-naire ineffectiveness in the illiterate people. Although the questionnaire is an excellent method for this kind of evaluation, physician's contribution could be the most important factor associated with the screening method. Thus, further studies should be conducted to explore the compliance of patients with low educational level and to look for the best solutions for their enrollment.

Treatment of Wastewater Containing Heavy Metals Using Dissolved Air Released Flotation Column

A new type of dissolved air released flotation column is developed to treat wastewater containing Cr（Ⅵ） based on advantages of both dissolved air floatation and column floatation. By using a column with a diameter of 50 mm and a specially made dissolved air releaser, micro-bubbles inside the column can be formed. N2H4H2O was used as reductant, AlCl3 as flocculant, C12H25SO3Na（SDS） as surfactant in the experiment. The effects of pH of wastewater, pressure of dissolved air, ratio of return water, and concentration of flocculant and surfactant on the removal efficiency are studied. The results show that the efficiency of dissolved air released flotation column is much higher than that of other approaches after the operation parameters are optimized, with the reduction ratio of Cr（Ⅵ ） in wastewater reaching 98%. So this technique can be widely used in wastewater treatment

Flotation bubble image segmentation based on seed region boundary growing

Segmenting blurred and conglutinated bubbles in a flotation image is done using a new segmentation method based on Seed Region and Boundary Growing（SRBG）.Bright pixels located on bubble tops were extracted as the seed regions.Seed boundaries are divided into four curves：left-top,right-top,right-bottom, and left-bottom.Bubbles are segmented from the seed boundary by moving these curves to the bubble boundaries along the corresponding directions.The SRBG method can remove noisy areas and it avoids over- and under-segmentation problems.Each bubble is segmented separately rather than segmenting the entire flotation image.The segmentation results from the SRBG method are more accurate than those from the Watershed algorithm.

STUDY AND APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE PULSE JIGGING THEORY IN CHINA

This paper introduced the recent study and application of composite pulse jigging theory in China. The paper has shown many features of the composite pulse jigging cycle with the experiment data from the site jigs.

Solar Heater Technologies Selection Using Multi-criteria Analysis

Regarding sun＇s potential in Middle East and North Africa zone and particularly in Morocco, we focus our work on the development of the knowledge and information concerning the solar heaters for domestic applications, in order to help the industrial and the consumer to select an adaptive technology. As a result, a Moroccan mapping of solar water heating systems is presented in this work. This mapping concerns two technologies commonly used： the FPC （flat plate collectors） and the ETC （evacuated tubes ones）. It is based on three criteria： firstly, the efficiency of the STC （solar thermal collectors）; secondly, the economic aspect and at last, the reliability requirements. Based on these information, the multi-criteria outranking methodology PROMETHEE （preference ranking organization method for the enrichment evaluations） allows us to define an adequate solar heater technology linked with the climatic zoning of Morocco.

A new evaluation method for site selection of large underground water-sealed petroleum storage depots

Scientific site selection is the first step in constructing underground water-sealed petroleum storage depots, but no uniform standard and code for such activity has been established. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to propose an evaluation method for the site selection of an underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot. The first large underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot being built in China served as the background of this study. The following 12 indexes were used as evaluation factors based on comprehensive evaluation criteria and specifications for key project site selection: geographic structure development feature, topographic feature, lithostratic formation feature, crustal stress, strength of rock mass, joint development feature, hydrogeological conditions, long-term water sealing conditions, environmental/ecological vulnerability, regional stability, technical and economic conditions, and meteorological and hydrological conditions. The weight back analysis and power coefficient methods were also used to evaluate the site selected for the first underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot project. Petroleum site classification models based on the two aforementioned methods were established and used to verify the feasibility of the evaluation criteria and methods, and the evaluation results show the grade of the site selected for the underground water-sealed petroleum storage depot in Huangdao, China is good. The study results may be used as a reference for the site selection of future underground water-sealed petroleum storage depots.