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气候能源危机与“汽”车交通的黄昏 被引量:2
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作者 陆礼 《社会科学家》 CSSCI 北大核心 2012年第7期55-58,62,共5页
"汽"车交通是一个悖论性的技术存在。"汽"车交通作为技术异化的典型和当代突出的全球性问题,集中表现为污染、拥堵,加剧气候与能源危机。从伦理视域观察,轿车交通挤压着城市交通的公共属性,蕴涵着自由、公正、权利... "汽"车交通是一个悖论性的技术存在。"汽"车交通作为技术异化的典型和当代突出的全球性问题,集中表现为污染、拥堵,加剧气候与能源危机。从伦理视域观察,轿车交通挤压着城市交通的公共属性,蕴涵着自由、公正、权利等一系列伦理紧张。"汽"车交通走向黄昏,是低碳交通革命、能源替代与公交(地铁)优先战略实施之必然。文章研究的实质,是要超越交通现状深层思考人类生存的方式和意义。 展开更多
关键词 “汽”车交通 技术异化 伦理紧张 能源替代 公交优先
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Digital Signal Processing Based Real Time Vehicular Detection System 被引量:3
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作者 杨兆选 林涛 +2 位作者 李香萍 刘春义 高健 《Transactions of Tianjin University》 EI CAS 2005年第2期119-124,共6页
Traffic monitoring is of major importance for enforcing traffic management policies.To accomplish this task,the detection of vehicle can be achieved by exploiting image analysis techniques.In this paper,a solution is ... Traffic monitoring is of major importance for enforcing traffic management policies.To accomplish this task,the detection of vehicle can be achieved by exploiting image analysis techniques.In this paper,a solution is presented to obtain various traffic parameters through vehicular video detection system(VVDS).VVDS exploits the algorithm based on virtual loops to detect moving vehicle in real time.This algorithm uses the background differencing method,and vehicles can be detected through luminance difference of pixels between background image and current image.Furthermore a novel technology named as spatio-temporal image sequences analysis is applied to background differencing to improve detection accuracy.Then a hardware implementation of a digital signal processing (DSP) based board is described in detail and the board can simultaneously process four-channel video from different cameras. The benefit of usage of DSP is that images of a roadway can be processed at frame rate due to DSP′s high performance.In the end,VVDS is tested on real-world scenes and experiment results show that the system is both fast and robust to the surveillance of transportation. 展开更多
关键词 intelligent transportation system vehicular detection digital signal processing loop emulation background differencing
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Study on Performances of Car-following Models Induced by Motions of a Leading Car
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作者 李莉 施鹏飞 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2005年第3期217-220,225,共5页
This paper investigated the performances of a well-known car-following model with numerical simulations in describing the deceleration process induced by the motion of a leading car. A leading car with a pre-specilied... This paper investigated the performances of a well-known car-following model with numerical simulations in describing the deceleration process induced by the motion of a leading car. A leading car with a pre-specilied speed profile was used to test the above model. The results show that this model is to some extent deficient in performing the process aforementioned. Modifications of the model to overcome these deficiencies were demonstrated anda modified car-following model was proposed accordingly. Furthermore, the delay time of car motion of the new model were studied. 展开更多
关键词 car-following models leading car linear stability delay time
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A New Method for Ride Quality Analysis of Vehicle
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作者 林建辉 张洁 +1 位作者 高燕 李天瑞 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2006年第6期134-136,共3页
Current spectral analysis for evaluating the rail ride quality effectively is based on the sampling data at a uniform time interval, but the train is of fluctuation velocity in motion, which results in a non-uniform i... Current spectral analysis for evaluating the rail ride quality effectively is based on the sampling data at a uniform time interval, but the train is of fluctuation velocity in motion, which results in a non-uniform interval between consecutive sampling data. Therefore the accuracy of routine spectral analysis is in doubt when applying it in evaluating the rail ride quality. This paper presents a new way, namely, re-sampling with variable frequency to eliminate the influence of the train's uneven velocity. Its feature is that there is no need for precision measurement of the train's moving speed. Experiment results from the test-bed of rolling stock vibration show that it is valid. 展开更多
关键词 rail ride quality non-uniform sample resample and reconstitute signal processing.
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Analysis on Influence Factors and Reduction Ways of Automotive Safety Cost
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作者 Jin Wang Mingfei Mu 《International Journal of Technology Management》 2014年第12期122-124,共3页
The paper introduces automotive safety cost formula, which defines the concept of private costs, technology costs and social costs and analyzes the impact of economic externalities in individual purchase decisions on ... The paper introduces automotive safety cost formula, which defines the concept of private costs, technology costs and social costs and analyzes the impact of economic externalities in individual purchase decisions on urban traffic safety in the private costs and discusses the concept of hard and soft technology and its function to improve vehicle safety. Take people, vehicles and the environment as the main line and points out the promoting role of the relevant state departments, policy, research institutions and transportation infrastructure in the social cost for the entire transportation system security. Finally, about the security of car crash in low speed on urban roads, the paper gives some recommendations as for private costs, technology costs and social costs factor. 展开更多
关键词 Influence Factors Automotive Safety Cost private costs
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Modeling electric vehicle's following behavior and numerical tests 被引量:3
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作者 杨世春 赵倩 唐铁桥 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2014年第11期4378-4385,共8页
The micro modeling for electric vehicle and its solution were investigated. A new car-following model for electric vehicle was proposed based on the existing car-following models. The impacts of the electric vehicle&#... The micro modeling for electric vehicle and its solution were investigated. A new car-following model for electric vehicle was proposed based on the existing car-following models. The impacts of the electric vehicle's charging electricity were studied from the numerical perspective. The numerical results show that the electric vehicle's charging electricity will destroy the stability of uniform flow and produce some prominent queues and these traffic phenomena are directly related to the initial headway, the distance between two adjacent charging stations and the number of charging stations. The above results can help traffic engineer to choose the position of charging station and the electric vehicle's driver to adjust his/her driving behavior in the traffic system with charging station. 展开更多
关键词 electric vehicle charging electricity following behavior uniform flow
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Car Deceleration Considering Its Own Velocity in Cellular Automata Model 被引量:1
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作者 LI Ke-Ping 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第1期113-116,共4页
In this paper, we propose a new cellular automaton model, which is based on NaSch traffic model. In our method, when a car has a larger velocity, if the gap between the car and its leading car is not enough large, it ... In this paper, we propose a new cellular automaton model, which is based on NaSch traffic model. In our method, when a car has a larger velocity, if the gap between the car and its leading car is not enough large, it will decrease. The aim is that the following car has a buffer space to decrease its velocity at the next time, and then avoid to decelerate too high. The simulation results show that using our model, the ear deceleration is realistic, and is closer to the field measure than that of NaSch model. 展开更多
关键词 cellular automaton traffic flow fundamental diagram
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The Electric Vehicle beyond Transport: Contexts for Meanings and Services Related to Batteries on Wheels
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作者 Raphael Giesecke 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2013年第2期393-403,共11页
This paper explores the potential meanings of battery electric vehicles (battery EVs). Relevant ideas were collated through facilitated exchange of explicated and tacit knowledge, realized by individual essay prepar... This paper explores the potential meanings of battery electric vehicles (battery EVs). Relevant ideas were collated through facilitated exchange of explicated and tacit knowledge, realized by individual essay preparation and a facilitated seminar workshop. Additional classifications and clustering by the author led to the following principal results: the EV as a power source and buffer forms the foundation for most meanings beyond transport. EVs can act both in the context of"shelters" for individuals as well as "community vehicles" with a focus on, e.g., local renewable energy production integration. Reduced to a simple product, EVs can also be designed to make sense in developing country environments. However, many "intelligent" features associated to EVs are available also for combustion engine vehicles and thus provide only necessary, but not unique added value to EVs. Concluding, EVs will take over market share from internal combustion vehicles only if they satisfy human needs beyond mobility. 展开更多
关键词 EV (electric vehicle) energy storage energy source BEV (battery electric vehicle).
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Combinatorial Optimization for Electric Vehicles Management 被引量:2
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作者 Nora Touati-Motmgla Vincent Jost 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2012年第5期738-743,共6页
Growing concerns about environmental quality of cities are calling for sustainable road transportation technologies. EV (electric vehicles), for public and private transport, can contribute significantly to the lowe... Growing concerns about environmental quality of cities are calling for sustainable road transportation technologies. EV (electric vehicles), for public and private transport, can contribute significantly to the lowering of the current pollution levels. However, the EV use is currently facing several weaknesses among which are: limited driving range, high cost and overall limited efficiency. Electric vehicles management is a relatively recent problem; its purpose is to expedite the establishment of a costumer convenient, cost-effective, EV infrastructure. Inspire the relevance of the problem, a few small research communities in this field work on some of its aspects. In this work, some important issues of this problem are discussed and the contribution of combinatorial optimization tools for solving some challenging subproblems is studied. 展开更多
关键词 Electric vehicles management routing problem facility location vehicles redistribution.
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A Bi-modal Model for Chinese Cities: City Size, Car Use and Land Rent
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作者 DAI Teqi WANG Liang ZHOU Binxue 《Chinese Geographical Science》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第5期589-598,共10页
China is experiencing rapid urbanization and motorization. Urban transport congestion poses a challenge to the cities of China. Policies have been made trying to control the car use and the land use in Chinese cities ... China is experiencing rapid urbanization and motorization. Urban transport congestion poses a challenge to the cities of China. Policies have been made trying to control the car use and the land use in Chinese cities without sound modelling researches. The existing literature on monocentric city modelling has shown that the parameters are critical for the outcome of the modelling. Following the Alonso-type monocentric model, this paper introduces a bi-modal model to simulate the city size, the distribution of land rent and the modal substitution in Chinese cities. We set the key parameters according to the recent available data of China′s cities, and re-explain the hypothesis of the model. Then we make a sensitivity analysis to reveal the impacts of key parameters on the Chinese cities. According to the results, we find that the wage, the price of car use and the agriculture rent have significant impacts on city size. The land supply for the private transport or the public transport has the strongest impacts on car use and the level of transport congestion. The total population of the city and the wage level have strong impacts on land rent. Some results are counter-intuitive, but explainable. We also discuss implication of these results for policy making. 展开更多
关键词 Alonso model Chinese city city size compact development car use
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Estimation of Traffic Induced Pollution in Palestine
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作者 Z. Salhab 《Journal of Energy and Power Engineering》 2010年第5期27-31,共5页
Traffic sector presents a major contributor to air pollution in Palestine. This has been maximized as Israeli closure of major roads resulted in major congestion in most of Palestinian cities in West Bank, which cause... Traffic sector presents a major contributor to air pollution in Palestine. This has been maximized as Israeli closure of major roads resulted in major congestion in most of Palestinian cities in West Bank, which causes high emissions of exhaust gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO). nitrogen oxides (NOx). particulate matters (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). In order that traffic induced pollution can be assessed in Palestine. in this paper, an approach is presented by which the traffic emissions can be estimated relying on the emission factors as input together with vehicle types, annual traveled distance, etc.. The outcomes cover the emission from the various types of vehicles in West Bank. 展开更多
关键词 Vehicle emissions vehicle categories emission factors estimated emissions.
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A Comprehensive Mixed Media Model for Boosting Automobile Dealer Visits
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作者 Motoi Ogura Takayuki Hachiya Kakuro Amasaka 《Chinese Business Review》 2013年第3期195-203,共9页
This paper validates the effectiveness of a comprehensive mixed media model for effective advertising designed to bring customers into auto dealerships by use of their AIDA (attention, interest, desire, action) mode... This paper validates the effectiveness of a comprehensive mixed media model for effective advertising designed to bring customers into auto dealerships by use of their AIDA (attention, interest, desire, action) model and statistical science to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of various advertising methods using television, newspapers, flyers, direct mail, public transportation, and the internet. This model is applied to a dealership representing a well-known automaker, where its effectiveness is verified. 展开更多
关键词 AIDA model Comprehensive Mixed Media Model (CMMM) automobile advertising
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High-energy cathode materials for Li-ion batteries: A review of recent developments 被引量:8
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作者 ZHANG YiDi LI Yi +3 位作者 XIA XinHui WANG XiuLi GU ChangDong TU JiangPing 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第11期1809-1828,共20页
Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) represent one of the most promising solutions for environmentally friendly transportation such as electric vehicles. The demand for high energy density, low cost and environmentally frie... Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) represent one of the most promising solutions for environmentally friendly transportation such as electric vehicles. The demand for high energy density, low cost and environmentally friendly batteries makes high-capacity cathode materials very attractive for future LIBs. Layered LiNixCoyMn2O2 (x+y+z=1), Li-rich oxides and Li-V-O compounds have attracted much attention due to their high capacities in recent years. In this review, we focus on the state-of-the-art research activities related to LiNixCoyMn2O2, Li-rich oxides and Li-V-O compounds, including their structures, reaction mechanisms during cycling, challenges and strategies that have been studied to improve their electrochemical performances. 展开更多
关键词 layered LiNixCoyMn2O2 Li-rich layered oxide Li-V-O compound cathode material Li-ion battery
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Car capacity near bus stops with mixed traffic derived by additive-conflict-flows procedure 被引量:4
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作者 YANG XiaoBao GAO ZiYou +1 位作者 SI BingFeng Gao Liang 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第3期733-740,共8页
To determinate car capacity at bus stops with mixed traffic, a new theoretical approach was developed on the basis of additive-conflict-flows procedure. The procedure was extended from homogeneous traffic flow to mixe... To determinate car capacity at bus stops with mixed traffic, a new theoretical approach was developed on the basis of additive-conflict-flows procedure. The procedure was extended from homogeneous traffic flow to mixed traffic flow. The conflicts among cars, buses and bicycles near the stop can be described by the extended procedure. The procedure can be understood more easily than the theory of gap acceptance. Car capacity near the stop is the function of both bus stream and bicycle stream. The proposed model can also analyze the cases of pedestrian effects and limited priority of bicyclists. Numerical results show that the car capacity decreases with the increasing flow rates of other streams. In addition, pedestrian effects and bicyclist's limited priority have negative effects on car capacity near bus stops with mixed traffic flow. 展开更多
关键词 road capacity bus stop additive-conflict-flows procedure mixed traffic flow
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Robust Expected Violation Criterion for Constrained Robust Design Problems and Its Application in Automotive Lightweight Design
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作者 ZHANG Si-liang ZHU Ping CHEN Wei 《Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science)》 EI 2013年第3期257-263,共7页
Metamodeling techniques are commonly used to replace expensive computer simulations in robust design problems. Due to the discrepancy between the simulation model and metamodel, a robust solution in the infeasible reg... Metamodeling techniques are commonly used to replace expensive computer simulations in robust design problems. Due to the discrepancy between the simulation model and metamodel, a robust solution in the infeasible region can be found according to the prediction error in constraint responses. In deterministic optimizations, balancing the predicted constraint and metamodeling uncertainty, expected violation (EV) criterion can be used to explore the design space and add samples to adaptively improve the fitting accuracy of the constraint boundary. However in robust design problems, the predicted error of a robust design constraint cannot be represented by the metamodel prediction uncertainty directly. The conventional EV-based sequential sampling method cannot be used in robust design problems. In this paper, by investigating the effect of metamodeling uncertainty on the robust design responses, an extended robust expected violation (REV) function is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of the robust design constraints. To validate the benefits of the proposed method, a crashworthiness-based lightweight design example, i.e. a highly nonlinear constrained robust design problem, is given. Results show that the proposed method can mitigate the prediction error in robust constraints and ensure the feasibility of the robust solution. 展开更多
关键词 robust design robust expected violation (REV) sequential sampling method automotive lightweight design
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Survival analysis of car travel time near a bus stop in developing countries 被引量:3
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作者 YANG XiaoBao GAO ZiYou +1 位作者 GUO HongWei HUAN Mei 《Science China(Technological Sciences)》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第8期2355-2361,共7页
This paper presents an important investigation into car travel time affected by mixed traffic flow near a bus stop on the basis of survival analysis theory.Travel time data associated with mixed traffic characteristic... This paper presents an important investigation into car travel time affected by mixed traffic flow near a bus stop on the basis of survival analysis theory.Travel time data associated with mixed traffic characteristics near a bus stop were collected by video cameras.A hazard-based duration model was introduced to analyze the effects of mixed traffic flow on car travel time.The results indicate that mixed traffic flow impacts car travel time significantly.And the presence of bus berthing violation would delay car travel time.The proposed model can be used to forecast temporal shifts in car travel time due to changes in mixed traffic flow.The influential factors related to mixed traffic flow should be given full consideration in the planning and designing of bus stops in developing countries. 展开更多
关键词 survival analysis travel time duration model bus stop mixed traffic
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The Stability of Multi-modal Traffic Network
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作者 HAN Ling-Hui Sun Hui-Jun +2 位作者 ZHU Cheng-Juan WU Jian-Jun JIA Bin 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第7期48-54,共7页
There is an explicit and implicit assumption in multimodal traffic equilibrium models, that is, if the equilibrium exists, then it will also occur. The assumption is very idealized; in fact, it may be shown that the q... There is an explicit and implicit assumption in multimodal traffic equilibrium models, that is, if the equilibrium exists, then it will also occur. The assumption is very idealized; in fact, it may be shown that the quite contrary could happen, because in multimodal traffic network, especially in mixed traffic conditions the interaction among traffic modes is asymmetric and the asymmetric interaction may result in the instability of traffic system. In this paper, to study the stability of multimodal traffic system, we respectively present the travel cost function in mixed traffic conditions and in traffic network with dedicated bus lanes. Based on a day-to-day dynamical model, we study the evolution of daily route choice of travelers in multimodal traffic network using 10000 random initial values for different cases. From the results of simulation, it can be concluded that the asymmetric interaction between the cars and buses in mixed traffic conditions can lead the traffic system to instability when traffic demand is larger. We also study the effect of travelers' perception error on the stability of multimodal traffic network. Although the larger perception error can alleviate the effect of interaction between cars and buses and improve the stability of traffic system in mixed traffic conditions, the traffic system also become instable when the traffic demand is larger than a number. For all cases simulated in this study, with the same parameters, traffic system with dedicated bus lane has better stability for traffic demand than that in mixed traffic conditions. We also find that the network with dedicated bus lane has higher portion of travelers by bus than it of mixed traffic network. So it can be concluded that building dedicated bus lane can improve the stability of traffic system and attract more travelers to choose bus reducing the traffic congestion. 展开更多
关键词 multi-modal traffic network day-to-day dynamical model STABILITY
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