AIM: This case-control study investigated the effects of kimchi,soybean paste, fresh vegetables,nonfermented alliums, nonfermented seafood, nonfermented soybean foods, and the genetic polymorphisms of some metabolic e...AIM: This case-control study investigated the effects of kimchi,soybean paste, fresh vegetables,nonfermented alliums, nonfermented seafood, nonfermented soybean foods, and the genetic polymorphisms of some metabolic enzymes on the risk of gastric cancer in Koreans. METHODS: We studied 421 gastric cancer patients and 632 age- and sex-matched controls. Subjects completed a structured questionnaire regarding their food intake pattern. Polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1),glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (65777) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) were investigated. RESULTS: A decreased risk of gastric cancer was noted among people with high consumption of nonfermented alliums and nonfermented seafood. On the other hand, consumption of kimchi, and soybean pastes was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer. Individuals with the CYP1A1 Ile/Val or Val/Val genotype showed a significantly increased risk for gastric cancer. Increased intake of kimchi or soybean pastes was a significant risk factor for the CYP1A1 lie/lie, the CYP2E1 c1/c1,the GSTM1 non-null, the GSTT1 non-null, or the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype.In addition, eating soybean pastes was associated with the increased risk of gastric cancer in individuals with the GSTM1 null type. Nonfermented alliums were significant in individuals with the CYP1A1 lie/lie, the CYP2E1 c1/c2 or c2/c2, the GSTT1 null, the GSTT1 non-null, or the ALDH2 *1/*2 or *2/*2 genotype,nonfermented seafood was those with the CYP1A1 lie/lie,the CYP2E1 c1/c1, the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype or any type of GSTM1 or GSTT1. In homogeneity tests, the odds ratios of eating kimchi for gastric cancer according to the GSTM1 or 65777 genotype were not homogeneous. CONCLUSION: Kimchi, soybean pastes, and the CYP1A1 Ile/Val or Val/Val are risk factors,and nonfermented seafood and alliums are protective factors against gastric cancer in Koreans. Salt or some chemicals contained in kimchi and soybean pastes, which are increased by fermentation,would play important roles in the carcinogenesis of stomach cancer.Polymorphisms of the CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and ALDH2 genes could modify the effects of some environmental factors on the risk of gastric cancer.展开更多
In order to analyze the fermentation properties of lactic acid bacteria in Chinese sauerkraut and to improve acid production, 21 samples of Chinese sauerkraut from Inner Mongolia and Northeast China were collected and...In order to analyze the fermentation properties of lactic acid bacteria in Chinese sauerkraut and to improve acid production, 21 samples of Chinese sauerkraut from Inner Mongolia and Northeast China were collected and isolated with a Man-Rogosa-Sharpe （MRS） culture. Sixteen strains of lactic acid bacteria were identified by combining both phenotype and genotype methods. After activation, the 16 strains were inoculated into the MRS medium with a concentration of 4% and then incubated at 37 ~C. The pH and the absorbance of the culture were mea- sured. The activated strains were then mutagenized in a field of 4 KV/cm mutation, with dosages administered within 20 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively. The variation curves of the pH and the absorbance of the culture were determined. The experimental results showed that the lactic acid bacteria isolated from the soup were identified as Lactobacillus and the acid production of the bacteria was signifi- cantly improved by the mutagenesis of the corona electric field.展开更多
Katherine Mansfield is a world famous woman master of short stories in English literature. Her stories are sensitive revelations of human behaiour in quite ordinary situations, through which we can glimpse a powerful,...Katherine Mansfield is a world famous woman master of short stories in English literature. Her stories are sensitive revelations of human behaiour in quite ordinary situations, through which we can glimpse a powerful, and sometimes cruelly pessimistic view of life. A Dill Pickle is one of her short stories published in 1917, describing the encounter between a young woman and a young man who have been lovers six years ago and their lost love and changes over the years. Short as it is, it is really worth our earful analysis and appreciation. This paper will comment on this short story from the following two aspects： a commont on the theme of the story; a comment on the writing technique of the story. The paper conludes that romantic love is dependent upon circumstances and the convergence of certain character traits at a particular time.展开更多
PICKLE(PKL), a putative CHD3 chromatin remodeling factor, has been suggested to be involved in multiple processes in Arabidopsis. Here, we confirmed the late-flowering phenotype caused by pkl mutation with pkl mutants...PICKLE(PKL), a putative CHD3 chromatin remodeling factor, has been suggested to be involved in multiple processes in Arabidopsis. Here, we confirmed the late-flowering phenotype caused by pkl mutation with pkl mutants in two different ecotypes, and investigated the possible mechanisms that account for PKL regulation of flowering time. Quantitative RT-PCR and RNA-seq assays showed that expression of the LEAFY gene(LFY) and a number of LFY-regulated floral homeotic genes were down-regulated in seedlings of the pkl mutants. As predicted, overexpression of LFY restored normal flowering time of pkl mutants. Our results suggest that PKL may be involved in regulating flowering time via LFY expression. To uncover the underlying mechanism, Ch IP-PCR using anti-PKL was performed on materials from three developmental stages of seedlings. Our results showed that PKL associated with the genomic sequences of LFY, particularly at 10-day and 25-day after germination. We also showed that loss of PKL affected H3K27me3 level at the promoter of LFY. Taken together, our data suggest that transcriptional regulation of LFY at the chromatin level by PKL may at least partially account for the late-flowering phenotype of pkl mutants.展开更多
基金Supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation, No.2000-2-219-001-2
文摘AIM: This case-control study investigated the effects of kimchi,soybean paste, fresh vegetables,nonfermented alliums, nonfermented seafood, nonfermented soybean foods, and the genetic polymorphisms of some metabolic enzymes on the risk of gastric cancer in Koreans. METHODS: We studied 421 gastric cancer patients and 632 age- and sex-matched controls. Subjects completed a structured questionnaire regarding their food intake pattern. Polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1),glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (65777) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) were investigated. RESULTS: A decreased risk of gastric cancer was noted among people with high consumption of nonfermented alliums and nonfermented seafood. On the other hand, consumption of kimchi, and soybean pastes was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer. Individuals with the CYP1A1 Ile/Val or Val/Val genotype showed a significantly increased risk for gastric cancer. Increased intake of kimchi or soybean pastes was a significant risk factor for the CYP1A1 lie/lie, the CYP2E1 c1/c1,the GSTM1 non-null, the GSTT1 non-null, or the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype.In addition, eating soybean pastes was associated with the increased risk of gastric cancer in individuals with the GSTM1 null type. Nonfermented alliums were significant in individuals with the CYP1A1 lie/lie, the CYP2E1 c1/c2 or c2/c2, the GSTT1 null, the GSTT1 non-null, or the ALDH2 *1/*2 or *2/*2 genotype,nonfermented seafood was those with the CYP1A1 lie/lie,the CYP2E1 c1/c1, the ALDH2 *1/*1 genotype or any type of GSTM1 or GSTT1. In homogeneity tests, the odds ratios of eating kimchi for gastric cancer according to the GSTM1 or 65777 genotype were not homogeneous. CONCLUSION: Kimchi, soybean pastes, and the CYP1A1 Ile/Val or Val/Val are risk factors,and nonfermented seafood and alliums are protective factors against gastric cancer in Koreans. Salt or some chemicals contained in kimchi and soybean pastes, which are increased by fermentation,would play important roles in the carcinogenesis of stomach cancer.Polymorphisms of the CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and ALDH2 genes could modify the effects of some environmental factors on the risk of gastric cancer.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to analyze the fermentation properties of lactic acid bacteria in Chinese sauerkraut and to improve acid production, 21 samples of Chinese sauerkraut from Inner Mongolia and Northeast China were collected and isolated with a Man-Rogosa-Sharpe （MRS） culture. Sixteen strains of lactic acid bacteria were identified by combining both phenotype and genotype methods. After activation, the 16 strains were inoculated into the MRS medium with a concentration of 4% and then incubated at 37 ~C. The pH and the absorbance of the culture were mea- sured. The activated strains were then mutagenized in a field of 4 KV/cm mutation, with dosages administered within 20 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively. The variation curves of the pH and the absorbance of the culture were determined. The experimental results showed that the lactic acid bacteria isolated from the soup were identified as Lactobacillus and the acid production of the bacteria was signifi- cantly improved by the mutagenesis of the corona electric field.
文摘Katherine Mansfield is a world famous woman master of short stories in English literature. Her stories are sensitive revelations of human behaiour in quite ordinary situations, through which we can glimpse a powerful, and sometimes cruelly pessimistic view of life. A Dill Pickle is one of her short stories published in 1917, describing the encounter between a young woman and a young man who have been lovers six years ago and their lost love and changes over the years. Short as it is, it is really worth our earful analysis and appreciation. This paper will comment on this short story from the following two aspects： a commont on the theme of the story; a comment on the writing technique of the story. The paper conludes that romantic love is dependent upon circumstances and the convergence of certain character traits at a particular time.
文摘PICKLE(PKL), a putative CHD3 chromatin remodeling factor, has been suggested to be involved in multiple processes in Arabidopsis. Here, we confirmed the late-flowering phenotype caused by pkl mutation with pkl mutants in two different ecotypes, and investigated the possible mechanisms that account for PKL regulation of flowering time. Quantitative RT-PCR and RNA-seq assays showed that expression of the LEAFY gene(LFY) and a number of LFY-regulated floral homeotic genes were down-regulated in seedlings of the pkl mutants. As predicted, overexpression of LFY restored normal flowering time of pkl mutants. Our results suggest that PKL may be involved in regulating flowering time via LFY expression. To uncover the underlying mechanism, Ch IP-PCR using anti-PKL was performed on materials from three developmental stages of seedlings. Our results showed that PKL associated with the genomic sequences of LFY, particularly at 10-day and 25-day after germination. We also showed that loss of PKL affected H3K27me3 level at the promoter of LFY. Taken together, our data suggest that transcriptional regulation of LFY at the chromatin level by PKL may at least partially account for the late-flowering phenotype of pkl mutants.
