环(泛)北部湾-东盟海上旅游合作开发策略--基于21世纪“海丝路”合作倡议之探索

近年来,参与"21世纪海上丝绸之路"建设已成为云南、广西、广东、海南及福建等南方边境省份的重要方略。环北部湾地区是古"海丝路"始发港北海(合浦)、湛江(徐闻)的所在地,汇聚了丰富的自然风光、"海丝路"文化、滨海旅游资源,为环北部湾地区联合开发"海丝路"海上旅游提供了基础。泛北部湾—东盟地区的12个旅游集散地既有不同的旅游特色,又有深厚的滨海旅游合作开发潜力,是促进21世纪"海丝路"海上旅游业发展的重要依托。环(泛)北部湾—东盟区域海上旅游合作开发应注重政府间合作、广泛参与、交通建设、海上旅游线路设计、海洋文化宣传和经营管理建设,使区域内丰富的滨海旅游资源和"海丝路"文化不断融合,传承和发扬"海丝路"海上文化。

新闻报道的文化元素——《海南日报》的“海丝路”“寻路行”

近年《海南日报》启动了"丝路话古今,寻梦万里行"——"一带一路"大型采访报道活动。这一活动的重要示范意义在于,它揭示了新闻报道应追述历史的文化内涵,应包含诸多历史文化元素,同时还应探索未来的文化意义。

携手造福船 同走“海丝路”

中国古代的丝绸之路见证了友好合作,造就了跨越东西方文化的传奇。福建,自古以来就是联系海上丝绸之路沿线国家的关键节点,而源自闽浙一带的福船,更是古“海丝路”的友好信使,它不仅体现了中国人的智慧,见证着海洋文明的发展,也承载着“海丝文化”的内涵。为感受先辈们穿越惊涛骇浪的历程,同时体验21世纪海上丝绸之路的独特风光.一艘按照当年核心技艺复原建造的古福船,即将从曾被意大利旅行家马可波罗赞誉为“东方第一大港”的福建泉州港出发,去寻访“海丝路”沿线国家,弘扬中华传统文化和技艺。

浅谈21世纪“海上丝绸之路”背景下北海文化旅游的开发策略

近年来,参与"21世纪海上丝绸之路"建设已成为广西的重要方略。北海作为古海上丝绸之路的始发港之一,汇聚了丰富的自然资源、"海丝路"文化、海洋文化和海洋经济资源,这为北海开发"海丝路"文化旅游提供了基础。北海可以尝试从博物馆、主题公园、海上旅游、文化节和城市形象建设等五大方面着手打造北海"海丝路"文化旅游品牌,促进北海旅游业的跨越发展。

打击海盗与南海地区安全

南海地区重要性不言而喻,其安全正面临严重的海盗威胁,近年来已一跃成为全球海盗最为严重的区域。为此,地区内国家进行了打击应对,并相互之间展开了合作。同时,地区外国家也参与对南海海盗的打击。未来应对中,更须加强打击能力、协调主权敏感性、完善机制建设以及致力于海盗的可持续应对,中国也应该发挥更加重要的作用。

Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

The 21st century Maritime Silk Road(MSR) proposed by China strongly promotes the maritime industry. In this paper, we use wind and ocean wave datasets from 1979 to 2014 to analyze the spatial and temporal distributions of the wind speed, significant wave height(SWH), mean wave direction(MWD), and mean wave period(MWP) in the MSR. The analysis results indicate that the Luzon Strait and Gulf of Aden have the most obvious seasonal variations and that the central Indian Ocean is relatively stable. We analyzed the distributions of the maximum wind speed and SWH in the MSR over this 36-year period. The results show that the distribution of the monthly average frequency for SWH exceeds 4 m(huge waves) and that of the corresponding wind speed exceeds 13.9 ms^(-1)(high wind speed). The occurrence frequencies of huge waves and high winds in regions east of the Gulf of Aden are as high as 56% and 80%, respectively. We also assessed the wave and wind energies in different seasons. Based on our analyses, we propose a risk factor(RF) for determining navigation safety levels, based on the wind speed and SWH. We determine the spatial and temporal RF distributions for different seasons and analyze the corresponding impact on four major sea routes. Finally, we determine the spatial distribution of tropical cyclones from 2000 to 2015 and analyze the corresponding impact on the four sea routes. The analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the MSR provides references for ship navigation as well as ocean engineering.

Bridging Civilizations From Asia to Europe： The Silk Road

Throughout history, Silk Road played an important role with connecting more than 50 countries between its endpoints. Reviving this ancient trade route is a contemporary discussion among politicians. There are many projects realized and proposed for the resurgence of the modem Silk Road, including the railroad project connecting Baku, Tiflis and Kars of Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Turkey; the undersea rail tunnel under the Bosphorus strait, Marmaray; the Silk Road Economic Belt proposed by China; and the Maritime Silk Road, again proposed by China. Just like the original Silk Road, it was not only a route for caravans or trade, but it was a meeting point for cultural, religious, and philosophical exchanges that served humanity for centuries; today＇s modem Silk Road initiatives should be considered as bridges between Eastern and Western civilizations that will serve the same purpose of its ancient predecessor. The revived Silk Road will facilitate strengthening of relationships in between countries that experienced harmony in history. The railways, transportation facilities, transnational gates, energy corridors, and natural gas pipelines that constitute the Silk Road will transform the region with improving its economy and bringing peace and economic prosperity. With recent developments, it witnesses the importance of geopolitical and historical ties in establishing contemporary alliances. Although there are great expectations with the revival of the modern Silk Road, authors would like to emphasize that it should be an agreement to foster shared interests rather than the interest of bigger partners.

The Nomocracy Pursuit of ＂the Maritime Silk Road＂--On Legal Guarantee of State＇s Marine Rights and Interests

＂The Maritime Silk Road＂, part of China＇s maritime power strategy, will safeguard the realization of ＂Chinese Dream＂. ＂The Maritime Silk Road＂ needs desperately legal guarantee of State＇s marine rights and interest. The primary target of this paper is to put forward several suggestions on the legal guarantee of maritime rights protection based on analyzing the present situation of China legal system.

Australia's Synergy with the“21st Century Maritime Silk Road”Initiative and Its Prospect

Australia's development and infrastructure plans have synergy with China's 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road initiative, and their political, economic, trade, financial and civil exchanges have deepened bilaterally. However, as the synergy of the development strategies meets challenges, China should stick to the principle of opening-up and inclusiveness to cope with the ups and downs coming up in the ChinaAustralia relationship so as to ensure Australia can contribute positively to the initiative.

China-Russia-India The BRICS Countries in Eurasia Are the Key Factors in the Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt

China is the starting point and pioneer and driver of the Silk Road Economic Belt; Russia is located in the throat place of the belt; and India is at the joint of the belt and the Maritime Silk Road. China, Russia, and India as the BRICS countries are geo-connected, easy to reach a consensus because of their common and similar interests. The three countries also have common inherent demands and strategic directions： connectivity, complementarity, taking advantage of the great powers of Eurasia and sea-land compound, moving toward the grand trend of modern international economy and technology development. Promoting the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt accords with their respective interests, and is their common interests, which decide that China, Russia, and India are the key factors and dominant forces in the construction of the belt.

Progress in Foreign Cooperation of China's Oil Industry

In 2015, China＇s oil companies＇ overseas equity oil has grown steadily to approximately 150 million tonnes. State-owned oil majors have turned from scale-oriented to profit-oriented by adjusting investment speed and optimizing portfolio to improve operating profit of overseas business. The overseas investment of private oil companies mainly focused on two fields： the first is to invest in countries along the Belt and Road （the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road）, and the second is to enter the oil industry of the developed countries by M＆A. Limited progress has been made in ＆e foreign cooperation of domestic upstream sector, while new changes emerged in the foreign cooperation of upstream sector. Some planned projects were postponed or delayed due to domestic or international market changes. Private oil companies, however, began to cooperate with foreign companies in the downstream sector after the former got the right to import crude oil.

Xu-Shi Yin’e:Friendship Envoy of the Maritime Silk Road

IN the coming years,construction of China＇s＂Belt and Road＂Initiatives,proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping during his2013 tour of Central Asia,will proceed at full throttle.The aim is to revive the historic trade route;but in fact,the bond of the Silk Road was never really broken.Traces left by merchants from past centuries still remain in several places in China to this day.

Research on Cooperation Mechanism of Guang Xi and ASEAN Under the 21st Century Marine Silk Road Strategy

In 2013 October, president Xi Jinping put forward China is willing to develop good marine partnership with ASEAN countries in twenty-first Century and will jointly build ＂marine silk road＂ on a visit to the ASEAN countries. In the aspect of marine tourism, Guangxi and ASEAN cooperation has a solid foundation. This paper first gives the concept of the Marine Silk Road, and then analyzes the Guangxi and ASEAN tourism cooperation mechanism of the line, implementation steps and conditions under the 21 century Marine Silk Road strategy in order to provide reference for the related workers.

The New Maritime Silk Road, A Historic Choice

THE concept of a 21st century Maritime Silk Road was initiated by Chinese President Xi Jinping during his visit to the ASEAN region in October 2013.President Xi proposed the strategy creatively,considering both the history of the region and its future against the current global climate.The New Maritime Silk Road and the New Silk Road Economic Belt together construct an important pillar of the Chinese dream of rejuvenating the nation. The idea of the New Maritime Silk Road has a profound historical background; but it is the optimum choice for the future.

Practical Applications with Geosynthetic Mats Reinforced with Steel Wire Meshes to Prevent Embankment Damage by Burrowing Large Rodents and Beavers

Recent studies show an increase in the population of beavers, nutria and other rodents in vast regions of central Europe over the last 15 years. Unfortunately, this caused in many instances considerable damage on large rivers along dykes and earthworks in the floodplain areas, leading to an increased risk of bank failures. However, most of these mammals belong to protected species. This work is aimed at showing positive experience in cooperation with universities, research institutes and environmental agencies regarding measures to permanently safeguard the banks using composite erosion control systems with polymer coated steel wire net （as flexible reinforcement component） and a geosynthetic （to promote vegetation growth）. The steel mesh component works as an effective long-term barrier against the intrusion of mammals, discouraging them from digging inside the core of the dyke. An analysis of the sensitive areas to be protected led also to definition of the characteristics of these interventions （length, shape, escape ways, population areas, etc.）. The study will present several additional benefits when using polymer steel nets along dykes, such as： high and durable erosion protection in overflow areas, promotion of fast and effective vegetation growth （increasing stability）, surface protection against ice impacts （in northern regions）, ease of installation, maintenance, ability to conform to irregular shapes of the slope. This work will also present the positive outcome of research studies along dykes in Germany, Austria and in Italy.

Geotop of Lut Playa： Quaternary Geomorphologic Evidence and Civilization

The cultural and geomorphological heritages in Playas as a key address to find out past fluctuations called geotop. Iran is strategically located on an important trade route （Silk Road） between four cradles of civilization namely, Babylon, Mesopotamia, Indus and Yangtze （Chinese）. Iran is grafting point of four human civilizations which creates Persian civilization about 4,000 years ago. The Lut Desert and Dasht-e Kavir located the central and eastern Iran have been focal points for human settlements since 7,000 years ago. The geoarcheological findings on the Siyalk hills of Kashan located in the Dasht-e Kavir and Jiroft region located in the Lut desert are confirmations for human settlement since more than 7,000 years ago. Shorehzar that is a Persian equivalent word for Arabic word of Sabkha is considered as a Playa geomorphic type which involves precious evidences of quaternary fluctuations. In this article, geomorphological and paleoenvironmental investigations are integrated to provide a framework of environmental change for the late Pleistocene and early-mid Holocene periods in the main deserts of Iran, Lut. In this article based on main geotops of Lut, the quaternary evolutions have been discussed. The investigations are showing that Playas were bed of civilization in Iran Deserts.

Moving Further Closer

In 2013,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road in hopes of connecting Asian,European and African countries more closely and promoting mutual y beneficial cooperation.

Beyond Energy Dependence

Over the past two years,China has promoted the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road（Belt and Road Initiative）for developing international trade and enhancing the connectivity of infrastructure in countries along the routes. Energy cooperation is one of the fundamental aspects of the initiative.