高职教育改革:如何涉过“深水区”

当下的高职教育发展与改革已推进到了"深水区",其表征是观念陈旧的"杀伤",体制羁绊的阻滞和实践困扰的难为,面临着转型式改革,"除弊式"改革,创新式改革以及综合式改革四种选择;面对涉过改革"深水区"的再次大考,必须寻求有效的方法路径,即直面问题,形成合力,质量立根,整合创新,才能充满改革自信,打好推进深化改革的"攻坚战"。

上海自贸区改革“深水区”海关监管服务创新再思考——基于“国家创新系统理论”的视角

自2013年9月29日以来,经过两年多的创新试验,我国自由贸易试验区建设进入新的阶段。站在新的起点上,有必要反思历程、分析形势、认清问题、谋划再创新,从而进一步适应发展变化的新形势,继续进行深入的改革创新实践,率先挖掘改革潜力、破解制度性难题,继续保持在全国的先发优势、实现最初的改革目标。本文简要回顾了两年多以来上海自贸试验区海关改革的主要阶段性成果,对当前"深水区"改革所面临的改革困难瓶颈和外贸新形势进行了分析;并引入"国家创新系统"理论及国外实践经验,分析了自贸试验区海关改革不足之根源,提出对海关走出"深水区"改革困境的借鉴与启示。在此基础上,提出了"一个要义、两大保障、三个维度、四个转变和五项重点"的下一步深化自贸试验区海关改革总体框架,并对改革框架和下一步制度创新的五方面内容进行了理性剖析和详细阐释,为海关深入推进上海自贸试验区建设提出了有借鉴转化意义的理论思考和实践路径。

中车长江集团勇闯改革“深水区”

“十三五”期间,中车长江运输设备集团有限公司(简称中车长江集团)按照国务院国资委国企改革“1+N”政策体系和中国中车集团“1+20”改革计划的要求,在业务整合重组、化解历史遗留问题、探索股权多元化等方面取得积极进展,常态化推进改革的工作机制和氛围基本形成,但改革不平衡、不充分、不全面、不彻底的情况依然存在,一些重点、难点问题还没有完全解决。

华丰煤矿深水区改革

全面减层级、减机构、减职数、去行政化。山东能源新汶矿业集团有限责任公司华丰煤矿（简称华丰煤矿）突出抓好人事、劳动、分配制度＂三项制度＂改革,升级全面市场化改革,全面推进＂深水区＂改革。一、勇啃机构人事改革＂硬骨头＂,干部能上能下1.颠覆式改革人事制度,激发管理活力。华丰煤矿对人事制度进行颠覆式改革,采取组织任用、竞聘上岗、兼职任用、双向选择等措施,

反腐题材影视剧研究三题

在众多影视剧中,反腐题材影视剧因为题材的独特性而获得相应的关注,但是不宜用传统的影视类型对其进行归类。它的盛行体现了主流文化和大众文化的合谋。反腐题材影视剧要真正趟入"深水区",不光要从故事的主角"升级"上动脑筋,更要从观念形态、情节设置、内容定位等多个方面去思考。

Modeling underwater transport of oil spilled from deepwater area in the South China Sea

Based on a Lagrangian integral technique and Lagrangian particle-tracking technique,a numerical model was developed to simulate the underwater transport of oil from a deepwater spill. This model comprises two submodels: a plume dynamics model and an advection-diffusion model. The former is used to simulate the stages dominated by the initial jet momentum and plume buoyancy of the spilled oil,while the latter is used to simulate the stage dominated by the ambient current and turbulence. The model validity was verified through comparisons of the model predictions with experimental data from several laboratory flume experiments and a field experiment. To demonstrate the capability of the model further,it was applied to the simulation of a hypothetical oil spill occurring at the seabed of a deepwater oil/gas field in the South China Sea. The results of the simulation would be useful for contingency planning with regard to the emergency response to an underwater oil spill.

Movement characteristics of Karst water in a deep mining area

In order to study the movement characteristics of groundwater in a deep mining area and solve the dispute of the distri- bution rule of hydro-chemical zoning which is contradicted by lixiviation water zoning in a horizontal direction, we directed our attention to the source of deep groundwater, its seepage and hydro-chemical characteristics in a typical mining area. We used a neotectonic water-control theory, chemical and isotope methods, as well as a method for analyzing dynamic groundwater conditions. The results indicate that 1) Karst water in the deep and medium parts of this mining area is recharged by vertical leakage through neotectonic fractures rather than seepage along strata from subcrop parts or surrounding flows; 2) from surface to deep leakage paths, the variation in the types of chemical groundwater agrees with the normal lixiviation water distribution rule and the age of mixed groundwater increases; 3) the water-rich zones along neotectonic fractures correspond with water-diluted zones in a hori-zontal direction; 4) the leakage coefficient and water capacity of aquifers increases during the flow process of Karst water along the antidip direction (from west to east) and 5) Karst water in shallow mining areas forms a strong runoff belt along strikes and quickly dilutes the water from deep and medium mining areas. Overall, chemical and dynamic water characteristics actually agree with in terms of the entire consideration for differences in vertical leakage and abnormalities in the zone of water chemical distribution, along a horizontal runoff direction.

Application of HEMS cooling technology in deep mine heat hazard control

This paper mainly deals with the present situation, characteristics, and countermeasures of cooling in deep mines.Given existing problems in coal mines, a HEMS cooling technology is proposed and has been successfully applied in some mines.Because of long-term exploitation, shallow buried coal seams have become exhausted and most coal mines have had to exploit deep buried coal seams.With the increase in mining depth, the temperature of the surrounding rock also increases, resulting in ever increasing risks of heat hazard during mining operations.At present, coal mines in China can be divided into three groups, i.e., normal temperature mines, middle-to-high temperature mines and high temperature mines, based on our investigation into high temperature coal mines in four provinces and on in-situ studies of several typical mines.The principle of HEMS is to extract cold energy from mine water inrush.Based on the characteristics of strata temperature field and on differences in the amounts of mine water inrush in the Xuzhou mining area, we proposed three models for controlling heat hazard in deep mines:1) the Jiahe model with a moderate source of cold energy;2) the Sanhejian model with a shortage of source of cold energy and a geothermal anomaly and 3) the Zhangshuanglou model with plenty of source of cold energy.The cooling process of HEMS applied in deep coal mine are as follows:1) extract cold energy from mine water inrush to cool working faces;2) use the heat extracted by HEMS to supply heat to buildings and bath water to replace the use of a boiler, a useful energy saving and environmental protection measure.HEMS has been applied in the Jiahe and Sanhejian coal mines in Xuzhou, which enabled the temperature and humidity at the working faces to be well controlled.

Simultaneous Inversion of Earthquake Relocation and Velocity Structure in the Shanxi-reservoir,Wenzhou

Using the data of P-wave network and Zhejiang and travel time recorded at the Shanxi-reservoir seismological Fujian local networks, we implemented a simultaneous inversion of earthquake relocation and velocity structure and determined the new locations of earthquakes in the Shanxi-reservoir. The results show that： （1） the overall epicenter distribution is NW directed, and the Shanxi reservoir induced seismicity has a close relationship to the Shuangxi-Jiaoxiyang fault; （2） the focal depth of the Shanxi reservoir induced seismicity is 5.4km in average, less than the average focal depth in the South China earthquake zone; （3） the focal depth is shallower on the reservoir shore and deeper in the reservoir inundation area. At the beginning of the reservoir induced seismicity, the focal depth increased gradually. This may be due to the gradual penetration of water into a larger depth that induced deeper earthquakes; and （4） there is a low P-wave velocity anomaly in the study area, located at the intersection of multiple faults in the reservoir inundation area. The Shanxi reservoir induced seismicity mostly occurred in this lowvelocity anomaly zone. This may be related to water penetration.

2008年以来两岸经济合作回顾与经验总结

2008年以来,海峡两岸在坚持"九二共识"、反对"台独"共同政治基础上实现和平发展,两岸经济交流与合作取得一系列重大历史性突破,初步实现了两岸经济关系的正常化、制度化、机制化,对促进两岸经济转型升级、提升两岸福祉发挥积极影响。两岸经济合作进程及成就,既是两岸关系和平发展的重要成果,又是国际金融危机后全球经济发生深刻变革、区域经济合作进程加快和两岸经济转型的迫切需求,体现了双方政治互信和市场动力的双轮驱动与良性互动。但近年来随着两岸经济合作进程的深化,两岸政经互动和经济转型过程中一些深层次问题逐步浮现,使两岸经济合作步入"深水区"。当前无论两岸政治关系还是两岸经济转型,都面临诸多新的不确定因素,两岸经济合作正处在又一个历史性十字路口,面临方向性选择。

Sound propagation from the shelfbreak to deep water

Motivated by a phenomenon in an experiment conducted in the Northwestern Pacific indicating that the energy of the received signal around the sound channel axis is much greater than that at shallower depths,we study sound propagation from the transitional area(shelfbreak)to deep water.Numerical simulations with different source depths are first performed,from which we reach the following conclusions.When the source is located near the sea surface,sound will be strongly attenuated by bottom losses in a range-independent oceanic environment,whereas it can propagate to a very long range because of the continental slope.When the source is mounted on the bottom in shallow water,acoustic energy will be trapped near the sound channel axis,and it converges more evidently than the case where the source is located near the sea surface.Then,numerical simulations with different source ranges are performed.By comparing the relative energy level in the vertical direction between the numerical simulations and the experimental data,the range of the air-gun source can be approximated.

Effect of Groundwater Irrigation on Soil PAHs Pollution Abatement and Soil Microbial Characteristics:A Case Study in Northeast China

To evaluate the effect of groundwater irrigation on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) pollution abatement and soil microbial characteristics,a case study was performed in the Shenfu irrigation area of Shenyang,Northeast China,where the irrigation with petroleum wastewater had lasted for more than fifty years,and then groundwater irrigation instead of wastewater irrigation was applied due to the gradually serious PAHs pollution in soil.Soil chemical properties,including PAHs and nutrients contents,and soil microbial characteristics,including microbial biomass carbon,substrateinduced respiration,microbial quotient(qM),metabolic quotient(qCO2),dehydrogenase(DH),polyphenol oxidase(PO),urease(UR) and cellulase(CE) in surface and subsurface were determined.Total organic C,total N,total P,and available K were significantly different between the sites studied.The PAHs concentrations ranged from 610.9 to 6362.8 μg kg-1 in the surface layers(0-20 cm) and from 404.6 to 4318.5 μg kg-1 in the subsurface layers(20-40 cm).From the principal component analysis,the first principal component was primarily weighed by total PAHs,total organic C,total N,total P and available K,and it was the main factor that influencing the soil microbial characteristics.Among the tested microbial characteristics,DH,PO,UR,CE,qM and qCO2 were more sensitive to the PAHs stress than the others,thus they could serve as useful ecological assessment indicators for soil PAHs pollution.