萆薢渗湿汤合五味消毒饮联合扶利汤熏洗对高位肛瘘术后患者疼痛及创面愈合的影响

目的探讨萆薢渗湿汤合五味消毒饮联合扶利汤熏洗对高位肛瘘术后患者疼痛及创面愈合的影响。方法收集2021年11月—2022年11月在该院肛肠科治疗的104例高位肛瘘患者,随机分为试验组和对照组,各52例,两组均予以高位肛瘘切开挂线引流术,对照组予以复方荆芥熏洗剂坐浴后联合红光治疗,试验组予以萆薢渗湿汤合五味消毒饮口服联合扶利汤熏洗及红光治疗。记录并对比两组治疗后创面愈合时间、不良反应发生,术后不同时间段的创面面积、愈合率、创面渗液量、视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS)及水肿评分,随访观察术后复发率。结果与对照组比较,试验组创面愈合时间缩短(P<0.05)。治疗后7 d创面面积差异无统计学意义;与对照组比较,试验组14 d、21 d创面面积缩小(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组7 d、14 d、21 d创面愈合率增高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组7 d、14 d、21 d创面渗液量较低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组3 d、7 d水肿评分较低(P<0.05);对照组与试验组14 d、21 d水肿情况相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组3 d、7 d、14 d、21 d疼痛评分较低(P<0.05)。两组复发率及不良反应发生情况相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论萆薢渗湿汤合五味消毒饮联合扶利汤对高位肛瘘患者的临床疗效显著,能够改善疼痛,使水肿减轻、渗出减少,创面愈合快,疗程短,安全性高,适宜临床应用推广。

柔性脂质体的促渗作用研究(英文)

In this article different types of ultradeformable liposomes were designed and the properties of transdermal delivery were studied with sodium salicylate as model drug. These results showed that liposomes with strong hydrophilic surfactant added is a new type of penetration enhancer.

戏曲小说中“渗人”、“可碜”音义正解

戏曲小说中"渗(shèn)人"的"渗"实为"瘆"的异文,且还有许多写法如"惨"、"碜"等,其音义完全相同,不存在本义有别、形近致误等问题。但"可碜"(kēchen)一词中的"碜"字,又与"碜人"的"碜"音义完全不同。

窗台倒泛水向室内渗水的防治

结合在建筑工程质量监督工作中的实践,论述了窗台倒泛水向室内渗水的现象和危害,分析了产生的原因,提出了防治措施。

Macroscopic and microscopic mechanical behavior and seepage characteristics of coal under hydro-mechanical coupling

Understanding the physical,mechanical behavior,and seepage characteristics of coal under hydro-mechanical coupling holds significant importance for ensuring the stability of surrounding rock formations and preventing gas outbursts.Scanning electron microscopy,uniaxial tests,and triaxial tests were conducted to comprehensively analyze the macroscopic and microscopic physical and mechanical characteristics of coal under different soaking times.Moreover,by restoring the stress path and water injection conditions of the protective layer indoors,we explored the coal mining dynamic behavior and the evolution of permeability.The results show that water causes the micro-surface of coal to peel off and cracks to expand and develop.With the increase of soaking time,the uniaxial and triaxial strengths were gradually decreased with nonlinear trend,and decreased by 63.31%and 30.95%after soaking for 240 h,respectively.Under different water injection pressure conditions,coal permeability undergoes three stages during the mining loading process and ultimately increases to higher values.The peak stress of coal,the deviatoric stress and strain at the permeability surge point all decrease with increasing water injection pressure.The results of this research can help improve the understanding of the coal mechanical properties and seepage evolution law under hydro-mechanical coupling.

Prediction of carbonate permeability from multiresolution CT scans and deep learning

The low-resolution CT scan images obtained from drill core generally struggle with problems such as insufficient pore structure information and incomplete image details.Consequently,predicting the permeability of heterogeneous reservoir cores relies heavily on high-resolution CT scanning images.However,this approach requires a considerable amount of data and is associated with high costs.To solve this problem,a method for predicting core permeability based on deep learning using CT scan images with diff erent resolutions is proposed in this work.First,the high-resolution CT scans are preprocessed and then cubic subsets are extracted.The permeability of each subset is estimated using the Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)and forms the training set for the convolutional neural network(CNN)model.Subsequently,the highresolution images are downsampled to obtain the low-resolution grayscale images.In the comparative analysis of the porosities of diff erent low-resolution images,the low-resolution image with a resolution of 10%of the original image is considered as the test set in this paper.It is found that the permeabilities predicted from the low-resolution images are in good agreement with the values calculated by the LBM.In addition,the test data are compared with the results of the Kozeny-Carman(KC)model and the measured permeability of the whole sample.The results show that the prediction of the permeability of tight carbonate rock based on deep learning using CT scans with diff erent resolutions is reliable.

Analysis of TORCH results of retinal exudative changes in neonates

AIM:To explore the relationship between retinal exudative changes in neonates and perinatal toxoplasmosis,others,rubella,cytomegalovirus,and herpes simplex virus(TORCH)infections,as well as the characteristics of TORCH infection in neonates with retinal exudative changes.METHODS:Retrospective study.A total of 612 neonates with retinal exudative changes detected during ophthalmic screening in our hospital from May 2019 to March 2023 were selected.TORCH tests were performed on these neonates,and the results were subjected to statistical analysis to determine the infection characteristics.The neonates with retinal exudative changes were grouped by sex and age,the characteristics of TORCH infection were analyzed,and the positive rates were compared.RESULTS:Among the 612 neonates with retinal exudative changes,the highest positive rate was observed for cytomegalovirus(CMV-IgG)(96.7%),followed by rubella virus(RV-IgG)(73.9%).Mixed infections with two or three viruses were also observed,with the highest positive rate for mixed infection of RV-IgG and CMV-IgG reaching 71.2%.There was no statistically significant difference in TORCH infection among neonates of different sex(P>0.05).However,there were statistically significant differences in RV-IgG and CMV-IgM infections with retinal exudative changes among neonates of different age groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Perinatal TORCH infection may be an important factor causing retinal exudative changes in neonates.The differences in various infections are not related to sex but are related to different age groups.

Microstructure and Oxidation Behavior of ZrB_(2)-SiC Ceramics Fabricated by Tape Casting and Reactive Melt Infiltration

ZrB_(2)-based ceramics typically necessitate high temperature and pressure for sintering,whereas ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramics can be fabricated at 1500℃using the process of reactive melt infiltration with Si.In comparison to the conventional preparation method,reactive synthesis allows for the more facile production of ultra-high temperature ceramics with fine particle size and homogeneous composition.In this work,ZrSi_(2),B4C,and C were used as raw materials to prepare ZrB_(2)-SiC via combination of tape casting and reactive melt infiltration herein referred to as ZBC ceramics.Control sample of ZrB_(2)-SiC was also prepared using ZrB_(2) and SiC as raw materials through an identical process designated as ZS ceramics.Microscopic analysis of both ceramic groups revealed smaller and more uniformly distributed particles of the ZrB_(2) phase in ZBC ceramics compared to the larger particles in ZS ceramics.Both sets of ceramics underwent cyclic oxidation testing in the air at 1600℃for a cumulative duration of 5 cycles,each cycle lasting 2 h.Analysis of the oxidation behavior showed that both ZBC ceramics and ZS ceramics developed a glassy SiO_(2)-ZrO_(2) oxide layer on their surfaces during the oxidation.This layer severed as a barrier against oxygen.In ZBC ceramics,ZrO_(2) is finely distributed in SiO_(2),whereas in ZS ceramics,larger ZrO_(2) particles coexist with glassy SiO_(2).The surface oxide layer of ZBC ceramics maintains a dense structure because the well-dispersed ZrO_(2) increases the viscosity of glassy SiO_(2),preventing its crystallization during the cooling.Conversely,some SiO_(2) in the oxide layer of ZS ceramics may crystallize and form a eutectic with ZrO_(2),leading to the formation of ZrSiO_(4).This leads to cracking of the oxide layer due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients,weakening its barrier effect.An analysis of the oxidation resistance shows that ZBC ceramics exhibit less increase in oxide layer thickness and mass compared to ZS ceramics,suggesting superior oxidation resistance of ZBC ceramics.

Ablation behaviour and mechanical performance of ZrB_(2)-ZrC-SiC modified carbon/carbon composites prepared by vacuum infiltration combined with reactive melt infiltration

The development of advanced aircraft relies on high performance thermal-structural materials,and carbon/carbon com-posites(C/C)composited with ultrahigh-temperature ceramics are ideal candidates.However,the traditional routes of compositing are either inefficient and expensive or lead to a non-uniform distribution of ceramics in the matrix.Compared with the traditional C/C-ZrC-SiC composites prepared by the reactive melt infiltration of ZrSi_(2),C/C-ZrB_(2)-ZrC-SiC composites prepared by the vacuum infiltration of ZrB_(2) combined with reactive melt infiltration have the higher content and more uniform distribution of the introduced ceramic phases.The mass and linear ablation rates of the C/C-ZrB_(2)-ZrC-SiC composites were respectively 68.9%and 29.7%lower than those of C/C-ZrC-SiC composites prepared by reactive melt infiltration.The ablation performance was improved because the volatilization of B_(2)O_(3),removes some of the heat,and the more uniformly distributed ZrO_(2),that helps produce a ZrO2-SiO2 continu-ous protective layer,hinders oxygen infiltration and decreases ablation.

Permeability Estimation of Shale Oil Reservoir with Laboratory-derived Data: A Case Study of the Chang 7 Member in Ordos Basin

The shale oil reservoir within the Yanchang Formations of Ordos Basin harbors substantial oil and gas resources and has recently emerged as the primary focus of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.Due to its complex pore and throat structure,pronounced heterogeneity,and tight reservoir characteristics,the techniques for conventional oil and gas exploration and production face challenges in comprehensive implementation,also indicating that as a vital parameter for evaluating the physical properties of a reservoir,permeability cannot be effectively estimated.This study selects 21 tight sandstone samples from the Q area within the shale oil formations of Ordos Basin.We systematically conduct the experiments to measure porosity,permeability,ultrasonic wave velocities,and resistivity at varying confining pressures.Results reveal that these measurements exhibit nonlinear changes in response to effective pressure.By using these experimental data and effective medium model,empirical relationships between P-and S-wave velocities,permeability and resistivity and effective pressure are established at logging and seismic scales.Furthermore,relationships between P-wave impedance and permeability,and resistivity and permeability are determined.A comparison between the predicted permeability and logging data demonstrates that the impedance–permeability relationship yields better results in contrast to those of resistivity–permeability relationship.These relationships are further applied to the seismic interpretation of shale oil reservoir in the target layer,enabling the permeability profile predictions based on inverse P-wave impedance.The predicted results are evaluated with actual production data,revealing a better agreement between predicted results and logging data and productivity.

Microstructure and ablation behavior of Zr-based ultra-high-temperature gradient composites

To obtain high-performance Zr-based ultra-high-temperature composites,Zr-based ultra-high-temperature gradient composites were prepared by changing the laying method of the infiltrant via reactive melt infiltration.The effects of different infiltrant laying methods on the microstructure and ablative properties of Zr-based ultrahigh-temperature gradient composites were investigated.The results showed that the gradient structure of the Zr-based ultrahigh-temperature gradient composites differed when the composition ratio of the infiltrant was changed.When the thicknesses of the Zr/Mo/Si layers were 6/4/12 mm and 8/2/12 mm,the SiMoZrC solid solution content in the samples increased and decreased along the infiltration direction,respectively.The gradient samples were ablated in an oxyacetylene flame at 3000°C for 40 s.The ablation resistance of the sample was the highest when the infiltrant was a powder and the thickness of the Zr/Mo/Si layer was 6/4/12 mm.

Study on the preparation and properties of sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion

To solve the greasiness and irritation risks brought about by organic sun-screening agents in sunscreen emulsions,in this work,a sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion was prepared by two-step emulsification method,in which the outer oil phase was silicone oil and the inner oil phase was solid lipid nanoparticles coated with organic sun-screening agent.Several influencing factors on the formation and stability of the emulsion were analyzed,including inorganic salts,the volume fraction of outer oil phase(silicone oil),and the dosage of W/O emulsifier.The in vitro sunscreen performance,water resistance and skin permeability of different types of sunscreen emulsions were further studied.The results showed that the sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion containing 22.5%silicone oil,2.5%emulsifier and 0.2%NaCl had the best stability under the experimental conditions.The SPF value and water resistance of sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion were slightly higher than those of sunscreen W/O emulsion,but significantly higher than those of sunscreen O/W emulsion.Compared with sunscreen W/O emulsion,the in vitro transdermal permeability of organic sun-screening agent in sunscreen O/W/Si multiple emulsion was reduced by approximately 60%,indicative of higher safety and good application prospect in sunscreen cosmetics.

Numerical modelling for predicting corrosion initiation life of reinforced concrete square piles under reverse-seepage pressure

Square piles of reinforced concrete(RC)in marine environments are susceptible to chloride-inducedcorrosion.A novel reverse-seepage technique(RST)is applied to square piles to block the intrusion of chlorides.Thisresearch introduces a computational model designed to predict the lifespan of corrosion initiation in reinforced concretesquare piles when applied reverse-seepage pressure.The model considers the impacts of chloride binding and the tripletime-dependence property among the permeability,the corrected surface chloride concentration,and the diffusioncoefficient.The proposed numerical model is solved using the alternating direction implicit(ADI)approach,and itsaccuracy and reliability are evaluated by contrasting the computational outcomes with the analytical solution andexperimental results.Furthermore,the primary factors contributing to the corrosion of reinforced concrete square pilesare analyzed.The results indicate that applying RST can decrease the chloride penetration depth and prolong the lifespanof corrosion initiation in square piles.The water-cement ratio and reverse seepage pressure are the most influentialfactors.A water pressure of 0.4 MPa can double the life of concrete,and the durable life of concrete with a water-cementratio of 0.3 can reach 100 years.

Study on the effect of four kinds of raw materials in hypertonic dehydration cell model

It aims to investigate the protective effects of sodium hyaluronate,panthenol,Portulaca oleracea L.and Calendula officinalis L.on hyperosmotic dehydration-induced injury of human immortalized keratinocytes(HaCaT).The safety mass concentrations of four raw materials were screened by detecting cell viability,and the secretion of hyaluronic acid(HA)was determined using the ELISA method.The expression of HaCaT barrier function related genes(OVOL1,EREG,TGM1,TGM2,IVL,IRF6,THBS1,CASP14)was detected at the mRNA level to explore the regulatory effect of four raw materials on these genes.The results demonstrate that pretreatment with the four kinds of raw materials could increase the cell viability after hyperosmotic dehydration,promote the secretion of HA,and improve the expression of barrier function related genes after hyperosmotic dehydration,among which panthenol and Calendula officinalis L.are better.The results show that the four raw materials have a certain protective effect on the hyperosmotic dehydration cell model,which provides data support for its application in cosmetics.

海绵城市建设在旧城区改造工程设计中的应用

通过雨水的合理收集、利用与适时补充地下水,达到缓解水资源紧张和保护生态环境的目的,海绵城市建设在城市旧城区改造工程中的应用,有着重大现实而长远的意义。济南市舜园小区的海绵城市设计思路是以"渗""滞"为主、"蓄""用"结合,设施分散、就地消纳雨水。建设模式彰显了雨水的自然积存、自然渗透和自然净化,是一种绿色可持续的雨水排放模式。设计人员从汇水分区入手,完善排水系统,结合LID设施提升场地设计到优化路面及改造微地形,秉持了低影响、低成本、因地制宜及特色创新的设计原则,在改善济南市人民群众居住环境的同时,打造出海绵城市建设的亮点,彰显了示范作用。

High temperature oxidation resistance and microstructure change of aluminized coating on copper substrate

The outermost coating with single phase Ni2Al3 was obtained on copper surface by electrodepositing nickel followed by slurry pack aluminizing at 800 °C for 12 h. The oxidation resistance and microstructure of the coating oxidized in ambient air at 1000 °C for 25-250 h were investigated using SEM, X-ray diffraction and optical microscope methods. The results show that the copper with single phase Ni2Al3 coating possesses the best high temperature oxidation resistance, and the mass gain of the coating is 1/15 that of pure copper and 1/2 that of nickel coating, respectively. The specimen surface after being oxidized for 25 h still comprises Ni2Al3 phase. However, when the time of oxidizing treatment increases to 50 h, the Ni Al phase is formed. It is also found that the Ni2Al3 phase completely turns into Ni Al phase after oxidizing treatment for 100 h and above. The Ni Al coating shows excellent high temperature oxidation resistance when oxidation time is 250 h.

Effect of specific pressure on fabrication of 2D-C_f/Al composite by vacuum and pressure infiltration

Carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix （Cf/Al） composite has many excellent properties, and it has received more and more attention. Two-dimensional （2D） Cf/Al composites were fabricated by vacuum and pressure infiltration, which was an integrated technique and could provide high vacuum and high infiltration pressure. The effect of specific pressure on the infiltration quality of the obtained composites was comparatively evaluated through microstructure observation. The experimental results show that satisfied Cf/Al composites could be fabricated at the specific pressure of 75 MPa. In this case, the preform was infiltrated much more completely by aluminum alloy liquid, and the residual porosity was seldom found. It is found that the ultimate tensile strength of the obtained Cf/Al composite reached maximum at the specific pressure of 75 MPa, which was improved by 138.9% compared with that of matrix alloy.

A novel model for assessing the pore structure of tight sands and its application

Pore-structure poses great influence on the permeability and electrical property of tight sand reservoirs and is critical to the petrophysical research of such reservoirs.The uncertainty of permeability for tight sands is very common and the relationship between pore- structure and electrical property is often unclear.We propose a new parameterδ,integrating porosity,maximum radius of connected pore-throats,and sorting degree,for investigating the permeability and electrical properties of tight sands.Core data and wireline log analyses show that this newδcan be used to accurately predict the tight sands permeability and has a close relation with electrical parameters,allowing the estimation of formation factor F and cementation exponent m.The normalization of the resistivity difference caused by the pore- structure is used to highlight the influence of fluid type on Rt,enhancing the coincidence rate in the Pickett crossplot significantly.

A generalized viscoelastic Biot/squirt model for clay-bearing sandstones in a wide range of permeabilities

To simultaneously take into account the Biot-flow mechanism, the squirt-flow mechanism, and the frame-viscoelasticity mechanism, a generalized viscoelastic BISQ （Biot/squirt） model is developed for wave propagation in clay-bearing sandstones based on Dvorkin＇s elastic BISQ model. The present model is extended to a wide range of permeabilities （k 〉 0.05 mD） by introducing a dimensionless correction factor for viscoelastic parameters, defined as a function of the permeability and the clay content. We describe the frame＇s stress-strain relationship of the clay-bearing sandstones by the differential constitutive equations of generalized viscoelasticity and then derive the viscoelastic-wave dynamic equations. With the assumption of a plane-wave solution, we finally yield the phase velocities and the attenuation coefficients by solving the dynamic wave equations in the frequency and wave number domain. The comparison of numerical results and experimental data shows that the generalized viscoelastic BISQ model is applicable for modeling the wave propagation in most of the sandstones mainly bearing kaolinite clay.

Microstructure and high temperature oxidation resistance of Si-Y co-deposition coatings prepared on TiAl alloy by pack cementation process

In order to improve the high temperature oxidation resistance of TiAl alloy, Y modified silicide coatings were prepared by pack cementation process at 1030, 1080 and 1130 °C, respectively, for 5 h. The microstructures, phase constitutions and oxidation behavior of these coatings were studied. The results show that the coating prepared by co-depositing Si?Y at 1080 °C for 5 h has a multiple layer structure: a superficial zone consisting of Al-rich (Ti,Nb)5Si4 and (Ti,Nb)5Si3, an out layer consisting of (Ti,Nb)Si2, a middle layer consisting of (Ti,Nb)5Si4 and (Ti,Nb)5Si3, and aγ-TiAl inner layer. Co-deposition temperature imposes strong influences on the coating structure. The coating prepared by Si?Y co-depositing at 1080 °C for 5 h shows relatively good oxidation resistance at 1000 °C in air, and the oxidation rate constant of the coating is about two orders of magnitude lower than that of the bare TiAl alloy.