雪中送“炭”——农行遵义分行冒雪调运现金纪实

自元月中旬以来，遵义市遭遇持续大范围低温、雨雪和冰冻的极端天气，造成了全市罕见的冰冻灾害。连日来，部分交通中断，部分地方断水断电，灾区群众工作生活受到严重威胁。在这场灾害面前，遵义分行干部员工经受了一次严峻的考验，他们心系客户，立足本职，坚守岗位，齐心协力，全力以赴做好各项工作，赢得了社会各界的好评，塑造了农业银行“大行德广”的社会形象。1月22日，遵义市道真县全城停电，农行各营业机构备用的发电机蓄电瓶只能保障正常营业用电，上班的员工手冻僵了就用双手相互搓搓，脚僵了就跺跺脚。行领导看在眼里，记在心上，专门安排支行给每个营业机构送去一瓶热气腾腾的姜开水，使一线的员工在冰天冻地的寒冬，感受到农行大家庭的温暖。

小本也创富，卖“炭”能生金

来自室内的“贴身”污染正越来越严重地威胁着人们的健康。新装修房子中的甲醛污染；新办内饰的苯污染；冰箱里的异味；电脑辐射；空调换气污染等等……一种可以清除各种污染的日常用品——竹炭，因其保健而时尚的功效，正开始改变人们的生活，而逐渐成为现代高品质生活的必需品，而经营竹炭生意的店铺也开始在各大城市中悄然兴起。

把“炭”送对地方

最低生活保障制度是为城乡困难群众遮风挡雨的＂保护伞＂,让改革开放的成果惠及每一位群众。 为了实现低保工作的操作制度化、管理规范化、结果公平化,从2010年2月起，江西省在全省范围开展了城乡低保资金专项治理工作，提升城乡低保管理服务水平，保证低保制度的公正、公平、公开地实施，达到“阳光低保”、“公平低保”、“和谐低保”的目标。

桂中坳陷下石炭统鹿寨组页岩气研究

桂中坳陷石炭系发现多处油气苗及沥青，具有良好的页岩气储集条件。对桂中坳陷下石炭统鹿寨组(C J )烃源岩进行了研究，认为烃源岩主要为台前盆地相暗色炭质页岩，鹿寨组下部页岩具有良好的生烃条件。烃源岩有机质丰度高，平均TOC含量为3.08°% ，干酪根类型为IIi 型和II2,来源于水生浮游生物和菌藻类母质，烃源岩最高热解峰温度460~560°C ，处于高成熟阶段，现今以生成天然气为主。页岩中脆性矿物含量为35.6% ~75.2%，粘土矿物含量为3.1%~62.1%，页岩硅质来源中生物成因硅质具有较大贡献，鹿寨组底部富有机质页岩段发育的有机质微孔隙和纳米级一微米级微裂缝是页岩气富集的主要空间。桂中坳陷经历多期叠加构造改造，抬升剥蚀对页岩气保存有重要影响，断层和岩浆热液活动对页岩气保存也不利。断层影响相对较小、盖层厚度超过1 8 0 m 的桂中坳陷西北部地区是下石炭统页岩气勘探的有利方向。

Ablation behaviour and mechanical performance of ZrB_(2)-ZrC-SiC modified carbon/carbon composites prepared by vacuum infiltration combined with reactive melt infiltration

The development of advanced aircraft relies on high performance thermal-structural materials,and carbon/carbon com-posites(C/C)composited with ultrahigh-temperature ceramics are ideal candidates.However,the traditional routes of compositing are either inefficient and expensive or lead to a non-uniform distribution of ceramics in the matrix.Compared with the traditional C/C-ZrC-SiC composites prepared by the reactive melt infiltration of ZrSi_(2),C/C-ZrB_(2)-ZrC-SiC composites prepared by the vacuum infiltration of ZrB_(2) combined with reactive melt infiltration have the higher content and more uniform distribution of the introduced ceramic phases.The mass and linear ablation rates of the C/C-ZrB_(2)-ZrC-SiC composites were respectively 68.9%and 29.7%lower than those of C/C-ZrC-SiC composites prepared by reactive melt infiltration.The ablation performance was improved because the volatilization of B_(2)O_(3),removes some of the heat,and the more uniformly distributed ZrO_(2),that helps produce a ZrO2-SiO2 continu-ous protective layer,hinders oxygen infiltration and decreases ablation.

Design,progress and challenges of 3D carbon-based thermally conductive networks

The advent of the 5G era has stimulated the rapid development of high power electronics with dense integration.Three-dimensional(3D)thermally conductive networks,possessing high thermal and electrical conductivities and many different structures,are regarded as key materials to improve the performance of electronic devices.We provide a critical overview of carbonbased 3D thermally conductive networks,emphasizing their preparation-structure-property relationships and their applications in different scenarios.A detailed discussion of the microscopic principles of thermal conductivity is provided,which is crucial for increasing it.This is followed by an in-depth account of the construction of 3D networks using different carbon materials,such as graphene,carbon foam,and carbon nanotubes.Techniques for the assembly of two-dimensional graphene into 3D networks and their effects on thermal conductivity are emphasized.Finally,the existing challenges and future prospects for 3D carbon-based thermally conductive networks are discussed.

A review of anode materials for sodium ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are used in electric vehicles and portable smart devices,but lithium resources are dwindling and there is an increasing demand which has to be catered for.Sodium ion batteries(SIBs),which are less costly,are a promising replacement for LIBs because of the abundant natural reserves of sodium.The anode of a SIB is a necessary component of the battery but is less understood than the cathode.This review outlines the development of various types of anodes,including carbonbased,metallic and organic,which operate using different reaction mechanisms such as intercalation,alloying and conversion,and considers their challenges and prospects.Strategies for modifying their structures by doping and coating,and also modifying the solid electrolyte interface are discussed.In addition,this review also discusses the challenges encountered by the anode of SIBs and the solutions.

A review of hard carbon anodes for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries

Hard carbons(HCs)are recognized as potential anode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)because of their low cost,environmental friendliness,and the abundance of their precursors.The presence of graphitic domains,numerous pores,and disordered carbon layers in HCs plays a significant role in determining their sodium storage ability,but these structural features depend on the precursor used.The influence of functional groups,including heteroatoms and oxygen-containing groups,and the microstructure of the precursor on the physical and electrochemical properties of the HC produced are evaluated,and the effects of carbonization conditions(carbonization temperature,heating rate and atmosphere)are also discussed.

The preparation and properties of N-doped carbon materials and their use for sodium storage

Defect engineering by heteroatom doping gives carbon materials some new characteristics such as a different electronic structure and a high electrochemical activity,making them suitable for high-performance applications.N-doping has been widely investigated because of its similar atom radius to carbon,high electronegativity as well as many different configurations.We summarize the preparation methods and properties of N-doped carbon materials,and discuss their possible use in sodium ion storage.The relationships between N content/configuration and crystallinity,electronic conductivity,wettability,chemical reactivity as well as sodium ion storage performance are discussed.

Preparation of a high-performance synthetic pitch from aromatic hydrocarbons containing N/Cl

The preparation of a synthetic pitch from aromatic monomers could easily regulate structure orientation at the molecu-lar level,which would be useful in fabrication.An isotropic synthetic pitch was prepared by a chlorine-and/or nitrogen-induced sub-stitution polymerization reaction method using aromatic hydrocarbon precursors containing Cl and N,which for this study were chloromethyl naphthalene and quinoline.This method was verified by investigating the structural changes under different synthesis conditions,and the synthesis mechanism induced by aromatics containing Cl was also probed.The result shows that the pyridinic N in quinoline contains a lone pair of electrons,and is an effective active site to induce the polymerization reaction by coupling with aromatic hydrocarbons containing Cl.The reaction between such free radicals causes strong homopolymerization and oligomeriza-tion.A higher reaction temperature and longer reaction time significantly increased the degree of polymerization and thus increased the softening point of the pitch.A linear molecular structure was formed by the Cl substitution reaction,which produced a highly spinnable pitch with a softening point of 258.6℃,and carbon fibers with a tensile strength of 1163.82 MPa were obtained.This study provides a relatively simple and safe method for the preparation of high-quality spinnable pitch.

In-situ thermal Raman mapping and stress analysis of CNT/CF/epoxy interfaces

A study of the interfacial behavior and internal thermal stress distribution in fiber-reinforced composites is essential to assess their performance and reliability.CNT/carbon fiber(CF)hybrid fibers were constructed using electrophoretic deposition.The interfacial properties of CF/epoxy and CNT/CF/epoxy composites were statistically investigated and compared using in-situ thermal Raman mapping by dispersing CNTs as a Raman sensing medium(CNT_(R))in a resin.The associated local thermal stress changes can be simulated by capturing the G'band position distribution of CNT_(R) in the epoxy at different temperatures.It was found that the G'band shifted to lower positions with increasing temperature,reaching a maximum difference of 2.43 cm^(−1) at 100℃.The interfacial bonding between CNT/CF and the matrix and the stress distribution and changes during heat treatment(20-100℃)were investig-ated in detail.This work is important for studying thermal stress in fiber-reinforced composites by in-situ thermal Raman mapping technology.

Polyetherketoneketone/carbon fiber composites with an amorphous interface prepared by solution impregnation

Interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers(CF)and polyetherketoneketone(PEKK)is a key factor that affects the mechanical performances of their composites.It is therefore of great importance to impregnate the CF bundles with PEKK as effi-ciently as possible.We report that PEKK with a good dispersion in a mixed solution of 4-chlorophenol and 1,2-dichloroethane can be introduced onto CF surfaces by solution impregnation and curing at 280,320,340 and 360℃.The excellent wettability or infiltra-tion of the PEKK solution guarantees a full covering and its tight binding to CFs,making it possible to evaluate the interfacial shear strength(IFSS)with the microdroplet method.The interior of the CF bundles is completely and uniformly filled with PEKK by solu-tion impregnation,leading to a high interlaminar shear strength(ILSS).The maximum IFSS and ILSS reached 107.8 and 99.3 MPa,respectively.Such superior shear properties are ascribed to the formation of amorphous PEKK in the small spaces between CFs.

The relationship between the high-frequency performance of supercapacitors and the type of doped nitrogen in the carbon electrode

Nitrogen doping has been widely used to improve the performance of carbon electrodes in supercapacitors,particularly in terms of their high-frequency response.However,the charge storage and electrolyte ion response mechanisms of different nitrogen dopants at high frequencies are still unclear.In this study,melamine foam carbons with different configurations of surfacedoped N were formed by gradient carbonization,and the effects of the configurations on the high-frequency response behavior of the supercapacitors were analyzed.Using a combination of experiments and first-principle calculations,we found that pyrrolic N,characterized by a higher adsorption energy,increases the charge storage capacity of the electrode at high frequencies.On the other hand,graphitic N,with a lower adsorption energy,increases the speed of ion response.We propose the use of adsorption energy as a practical descriptor for electrode/electrolyte design in high-frequency applications,offering a more universal approach for improving the performance of N-doped carbon materials in supercapacitors.

Semi-quantitative analysis of the structural evolution of mesophase pitch-based carbon foams by Raman and FTIR spectroscopy

Graphitized carbon foams(GFms)were prepared using mesophase pitch(MP)as a raw material by foaming(450℃),pre-oxidation(320℃),carbonization(1000℃)and graphitization(2800℃).The differences in structure and properties of GFms prepared from different MP precursors pretreated by ball milling or liquid phase extraction were investigated and compared,and semi-quantitative calculations were conducted on the Raman and FTIR spectra of samples at each preparation stage.Semi-quantitat-ive spectroscopic analysis provided detailed information on the structure and chemical composition changes of the MP and GFm de-rived from it.Combined with microscopic observations,the change from precursor to GFm was analyzed.The results showed that ball milling concentrated the distribution of aromatic molecules in the pitch,which contributed to uniform foaming to give a GFm with a uniform pore distribution and good properties.Liquid phase extraction helped remove light components while retaining large aromatics to form graphitic planes with the largest average size during post-treatment to produce a GFm with the highest degree of graphitization and the fewest open pores,giving the best compression resistance(2.47 MPa),the highest thermal conductivity(64.47 W/(m·K))and the lowest electrical resistance(13.02μΩ·m).Characterization combining semi-quantitative spectroscopic ana-lysis with microscopic observations allowed us to control the preparation of the MP-derived GFms.