职业大学“爱·学·争”学校育人文化建设的研究与实践

坚持文化建设和增强文化自信是高校院校的职责,也是职业大学重大而紧迫的课题。本研究根据广西城市职业大学“爱·学·争”文化价值观研究职业大学育人文化建设与实践。首先是对“爱·学·争”育人文化的内涵进行界定,然后分析其功能特点与文化特质,紧接着介绍广西城市职业大学育人文化建设的先进经验,针对在建设过程中存在的问题进行分析,如缺乏理论研究和系统规划,注重形式而缺少内涵等问题。职业大学应积极开展思想道德教育活动、主题实践活动、职业技能技术培养活动等多种方式共同促进“爱·学·争”育人的文化建设。开展文化建设和育人的研究,以坚定职业大学对自身特色文化理念的信心,焕发创新活力。

探索式构建教学中的“三学”

科学探索课堂教学新模式,是让学生积极地、有兴趣地主动参与学习过程,掌握学习能力,形成认识客观世界的基础——认知结构与能力结构,并且在这一过程中培养探索未知世界的积极态度。它提供了启动和维持探索活动的能源,这种表现和学习活动的动力,使学生在学习中更好地实现”爱学、会学、活学“,随着学生学习水平和探索能力的不断提高,逐步实现健康个性的和谐发展。由“爱学”激趣,“会学”明理,“活学”而创新。

教学互动中强化学生心理健康教育

有关教育理论认为，环境和教育在学生身心素质的健康发展中起着关键作用。因学生在个体自身发展、家庭影响、社会熏陶、环境作用等方面存在差异，导致学生个体的心理素质表现出个性化、复杂化、多元化的特点。从心理学角度来看，学生在中小学阶段，其个性心理可塑性很强。因此，在义务教育阶段，培养学生健康的身心素质成了中小学生全面发展的主要内容之一。

MSM and HIV/AIDS in China

This article profiles current status of spread and control of HIV/AIDS in China. China has a significant population of MSM (men who have sex with men) and they have been becoming very much alive in many ways since 1990s due to recent social changes. Some surveys indicate that great many of MSM are engaged in high-risk behaviors. In addition, majority of MSM have also experienced sexual encounters with women sometimes in their lives, which possibly con- tribute to spread of HIV to women. Some reports documented that HIV is becoming rampant among MSM since more than 1% of them are now infected. Political, cultural and custom elements could hinder intervention activities against HIV spread among MSM. Fortunately, many cities in China have seen that MSM were in cooperation with responsible institutions carrying out certain intervention measures. The general situation is promising. The authors forecast that the fast HIV spread among MSM of China could possibly be halted within several years when the authorities become more sensible to this issue, health service institutions offer unswerving efforts toward the MSM community and those who involve in MSM undertakes necessary responsibilities.

High risk populations and HIV-1 infection in China

China is currently experiencing one of the most rapidly expanding HIV epidemics in the world. Although the overall prevalence rate is still low, with a population of 1.3 billion, high-risk factors which have contributed to the HIV/AIDS epidemics worldwide continue to prevail in China, including a high rate of injecting drug use and needle sharing, commercial sex with low rates of condom use, and concurrent sex with both commercial sex workers and noncommercial casual or steady sex partners. In addition, there are increasing “double risk” populations overlapping drug users and sex workers, as well as increasing rates of STDs and HIV among high-risk populations. Sexual transmission, therefore, may serve as a bridge connecting high-risk populations with general populations. There is an urgent need to prevent the spread of HIV from these high-risk oooulations into the general oooulation of China.

Emerging of Stochastic Dynamical Equalities and Steady State Thermodynamics from Darwinian Dynamics

The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormous successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding. Here we present from a formal point of view an exploration of the connection between thermodynamics and Darwinian dynamics and a few related topics. We first show that the stochasticity in Darwinian dynamics implies the existence temperature, hence the canonical distribution of Boltzmann-Gibbs type. In term of relative entropy the Second Law of thermodynamics is dynamically demonstrated without detailed balance condition, and is valid regardless of size of the system. In particular, the dynamical component responsible for breaking detailed balance condition does not contribute to the change of the relative entropy. Two types of stochastic dynamical equalities of current interest are explicitly discussed in the present approach： One is based on Feynman-Kac formula and another is a generalization of Einstein relation. Both are directly accessible to experimental tests. Our demonstration indicates that Darwinian dynamics represents logically a simple and straightforward starting point for statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and is complementary to and consistent with conservative dynamics that dominates the physical sciences. Present exploration suggests the existence of a unified stochastic dynamical framework both near and far from equilibrium.

Newtonian Gravity in Natural Units

Integer numbers of natural units （Planck units） to express Newton＇s inverse square law of gravitation in terms of quantum mechanical probabilities are used. The strong nuclear force between two coupled nucleons is derived, the minds of giants such as Newton and Einstein are met. There is a considerable continuing effort directed for the understanding of gravity and the constants of nature, last century＇s legacy of Arthur Stanley Eddington.

Prevalence and evolution of drug resistance HIV-1 variants in Henan, China

To understand the prevalence and evolution of drug resistant HIV strains in Henan China after the implementation of free antiretroviral therapy for AIDS patients. 45 drug naive AIDS patients, 118 AIDS patients who received three months antiretroviral therapy and 124 AIDS patients who received six months antiretroviral treatment were recruited in the southern part of Henan province. Information on general condition, antiretroviral medicines, adherence and clinical syndromes were collected by face to face interview. Meanwhile, 14ml EDTA anticoagulant blood was drawn. CD4/CD8 T cell count, viral load and genotypic drug resistance were tested. The rates of clinical improvement were 55.1% and 50.8% respectively three months and six months after antiretroviral therapy. The mean CD4 cell count after antiretroviral therapy was significantly higher than in drug naive patients. The prevalence rate of drug resistant HIV strains were 13.9%, 45.4% and 62.7% in drug naive patients, three month treatment patients and six month treatment patients, respectively. The number of resistance mutation codons and the frequency of mutations increased significantly with continued antiretroviral therapy. The mutation sites were primarily at the 103, 106 and 215 codons in the three-month treatment group and they increased to 15 codon mutations in the six-month treatment group. From this result, the evolution of drug resistant strains was inferred to begin with the high level NNRTI resistant strain, and then develop low level resistant strains to NRTIs. The HIV strains with high level resistance to NVP and low level resistance to AZT and DDI were highly prevalent because of the AZT＋DDI＋NVP combination therapy. These HIV strains were also cross resistant to DLV, EFV, DDC and D4T. Poor adherence to therapy was believed to be the main reason for the emergence and prevalence of drug resistant HIV strains. The prevalence of drug resistant HIV strains was increased with the continuation of antiretroviral therapy in the southern part of Henan province. Measures, that could promote high level adherence, provide new drugs and change ART regimens in failing patients, should be implemented as soon as possible.

Bianchi-Type II String Cosmological Models with Bulk Viscosity

The locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi-type II string cosmological models with bulk viscosity are obtained, where an equation of state, , and a relation between metric potentials, , are adopted. The physical features of the models are also discussed. In special cases the model reduces to the string models without viscosity that was previously given in the literatures.

Musical quality in Edgar Allan Poe＇s poetry

Edgar Allan Poe is one of the greatest writers in American literary history. He was a short-story writer, fathering the detective story and starting the psychoanalytical tradition. He was also a poet, advocating short poems with regular and delicate rhyming schemes. He was, at the same time, a literary theorist, writing about the principles of composition. This paper is to analyze the theme and musical quality of Poe＇s poems, focusing on the techniques Poe had employed in his poems to help enhance his major themes of death and beauty. According to Poe, the most appropriate tone for all poems is melancholy. In Poe＇s life, there was a personal connection with ＂the death of a beautiful woman＂, which is acknowledged in his thesis The philosophy of composition. The impetus for composing of poems undoubtedly arose from Poe＇s loss of his mother and of other women he had loved. The beauty of music exerts great influence on Poe＇s aesthetic perception. He paid more than enough attention to the musical qualities of poetry. He defined poetry as ＂the rhythmical creation of beauty＂. Poe advocated the idea of the poet as a craftsman, interested in polishing and refining language. He stressed the use of language as a medium of convey pure musical and rhythmical beauty. Poe＇s reputation for musical verses is due to his choice of sounds and treatment of rimes and meter.

Course-specific Motivational Components

According to the model of Dornyei three levels （language level, learner level, learning situation level） of foreign language learning motivation, the paper mainly discusses ＂course-specific motivational components＂ from learning situation level, and puts forward advantages and disadvantages of the model. Basing on the model, the paper further expounds relative contents relating to learner＇s motivation, for example, syllabus, teaching methods and learning tasks. At last, the paper states the existing problems in language teaching and learning, at the same time, pointing out some suggestions.

Etymological Connections Between the Ancient People of laones and the Tacitean Suiones

According to Felice Vinci＇s revolutionary theory of the Nordic origins of the Homeric poems, the Achaeans who migrated to the Aegean Sea to found the Mycenaean civilization--whose language actually was an Ionian dialect, similar to that of Homer--were the laones, deriving their origin from Sweden. The Italian scholar offers significant analogies to prove his hypothesis, drawing them from several scientific disciplines, such as history （the movement appears similar to that of Varangians, who in the Middle Ages moved from Sweden to found the kingdom of Rus＇）, geography （the promontory of Cape Sounion, located 43 miles south-southeast of Athens, seems to be a souvenir of the same name）, archaeology （the spiral shape, one of the most popular ones in the volutes of the Ionic capitals, was a common decoration also during the Nordic Bronze Age）, and literature （especially a remarkable quotation taken from Plato, Critias 111e）. In the author＇s contribution, he tries to check Felice Vinci＇s interpretation through a careful survey in ancient literature and linguistics, in order to verify the etymological connections between the ancient people of laones and the Tacitean Suiones.

Motivation： A Central Factor in Foreign Language Learning

Based on a survey and some language experts＇ points of view about the motivation of Chinese university students, this article tries to deal with two issues： what kind of motivation does Chinese University students have and how can a teacher positively affect the motivation of his or her students？

Factors to Give Full Play to the Positive Backwash Effect in the Language Testing

＂Backwash＂ has usually been described in terms of the effect of testing on language teaching and learning. ＂Backwash can be harmful or beneficial＂, as Arthur Hughes states. （Hughes： 1989） This paper set out to see how far this term can be applied to the ways in which both the students and teachers can benefit from language testing.

Energy Spectrum of Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices

With the method of Green's function, we investigate the energy spectra of two-component ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices. We End that there are two energy bands for each component. The critical condition of the superfluid-Mott insulator phase transition is determined by the energy band structure. We also find that the nearest neighboring and on-site interactions fail to change the structure of energy bands, but shift the energy bands only. According to the conditions of the phase transitions, three stable superfluid and Mott insulating phases can be found by adjusting the experiment parameters. We also discuss the possibility of observing these new phases and their transitions in further experiments.

Study of Stimulating Students to Learn English through Integrative Motivation

In order to sustain and increase students＇ interest in learning English, we tried to design several motivational approaches based on teaching psychology and pedagogy so as to improve our English teaching. The three orientations were identified to be the principles for the study： 1.Inspiration out of tracing the retrogression to its source; 2.Stimulating learning through integrative internal and external drives; 3.Providing chances to get more inspiration of creativity. The study of integrative motivation was made for two years, which turned out to be efficacious in our English teaching when it was finished.

Developing Pragmatic Competence in EFL Speaking Classes： From Theory to Practice

Fostering students＇ pragmatic competence in ESL/EFL classrooms has been the subject of a large number of studies over the last several decades. This paper will examine the importance of pragmatic competence in L2 spoken communication and investigate factors leading to pragmatic failures. It will also discuss possible ways to help foster students＇ pragmatic competence in EFL speaking classes.

Review on the conceits used in ＂The Sun Rising＂

＂The Sun Rising＂ is one of the most outstanding metaphysical poems of John Donne. After a general introduction about the metaphysical poetry and the author, this paper mainly aims to analyze the arresting and original conceits and images used in ＂The Sun Rising＂ and comment on their effect on expressing the author＇s feeling and reflecting his emotions.

English Vocabulary Memorizing Strategies by Chinese University Students

The findings of the study indicate that students prefer to engage in the vocabulary learning strategies that would be most appealing to them and that would entail less manipulation of the language. Of the four vocabulary memorizing strategies cited in the study （rote repetition, structural associations, semantic strategies, and mnemonic keyword techniques）, students apparently tended to favor the second and the third ones, though rote repetition remains appealing to some of them. Mnemonic devices such as keyword method were rather unpopular to most of the students because they would involve the learners in more active performance of the target language.

Red cultural heritage of innovation and practice the socialist core values

November 2012, the CPC eighteen report makes clear the ＂three advocacy＂ that is ＂promote a prosperous, democratic, civilized, harmonious, advocating freedom, equality, justice, rule of law, promote patriotism, dedication, integrity, kindness, and actively cultivate community ism core values＂. Shanghai University of Engineering Science actively exchange, in consultation with Chen Yun Memorial. Chen Yun Memorial becomes education base of Party spirit of Shanghai University of Engineering Science in January 2012. The two sides mutual assistance, resource sharing, innovation, and collaborate on a series of patriotic education, spirit of education, the socialist core value education as the core of ideological education. Make full use of Shanghai University of Engineering Science Chen Yun Memorial rich red cultural resources, cultural heritage and innovation red while actively practice the socialist core values, help young party members to establish a correct outlook on life and values, enhance the spirit of patriotism of young party members to enhance awareness of young party members in the party spirit.