《塞翁失马》译文辨正——兼论“父”字读音

鲁教版六年级上册语文课本有节选自《淮南子·人间训》的一篇寓言，编者拟其题目为《塞翁失马》。节选的文段为：

文言文中“父”字音辨

“父”字的读音无外乎两种：①fù，②fǔ。虽说只有两种读音，但要在具体语言环境中读准它，还真让人感到头痛。比如说“夸父”的“父”字，许多人把它读成fù。殊不知这里应该读作fǔ。为什么呢？

古汉语中对父母的称谓

《说文》:“父,矩也,家长率教者,从又举杖.”这是许慎对“父”字的解释.郭沫若说:“父乃斧之初字.石器时代,男子持石斧从事操作,故孳乳为父母之父.”①这个解释较之于许.氏的说法,更能令人信服.据徐中舒先生说,中国古代最古老的婚姻形式是父系外婚制,即男子搬入女方家庭,以男佣的形式住在女方家中,等女方生子以后,再一起迁回男方家中.因此,“父”,是以外出劳作的男子这一表象意义,逐渐过渡为有血缘关系的亲属称谓意义的.

中华校点本《旧唐书·苏瓌传》校记中的一处脱误

中华校点本《旧唐书·苏瓌传》校记中的一处脱误王京阳陕西省社会科学院古籍所中华书局校点本《旧唐书》卷八十八《苏传》中，为“父”一句作有校记。校记去：“父，各本原作父勖。据本传所载，之从父兄名勖．则璃父不当更名勖。今据《新唐书》卷七四上《宰相世系表》、《...

对《杨府君夫人合葬墓表》释读及断句商榷

对《杨府君夫人合葬墓表》释读及断句商榷林集友《四川文物》１９９２年第一期上张道远、夏智慧、黎人忠同志的《蒲伯英撰书（杨府君夫人合葬墓表）试析》一文（下简称《试析》），介绍了四川保路运动中的风云人物蒲殿俊（字伯英）所撰并用隶体书写的四川军阀杨森父母的合...

Older Migrants： Finding Strategies for Sustaining Family Relationships

Issues specific to older migrants moving country are not yet fully understood as there are few studies on this age group. These migrants are most likely to be caught in attending to the needs of their children or their elderly parents, both requiring support. Over a period of two years, 35 older Polish migrants were interviewed and they told their stories of the migration experience. It was found that they had to make choices and were faced with quite difficult decisions on whether they were going to leave children or parents in Poland while they were forced into a position where they had to find work outside their own country due to age discrimination. Both men and women expressed feelings of guilt at leaving sick parents, and at not being able to afford to travel back to Poland more regularly to be with their families. Without effective cost or free digital technology, these families would not be able to sustain communication channels and relationships would break down. Consequently both the economic and emotional costs to these families and the communities in which they live could be very high.

“父”本不是“爸爸”

在汉字中，“父”字造型优美，即对称又有变化。它像两条手臂交叉举起，又像舞台大幕向两边拉开。 可是，“父”字一开始不是这样写的。在甲骨文中，它的字形是从——手里举着一样东西。那举的是什么呢？文字学家左看右看，最后认定是一柄石斧。原来，“父”字最初的意义不是爸爸，而是男人手中的斧头。

陈独秀轶事

陈独秀因创办《新青年》,高呼“德先生”和“赛先生”两大口号,而成为新文化运动的主将。蔡元培闻其大名聘他任北京大学文科学长。 有一天,他的长子陈延年、次子陈乔年千里迢迢由怀宁赶到北大看望父亲。令人惊奇的是,他们并不直接去和乃父相见,而是托人递一张帖子给陈独秀。帖子上写有一句话,“拜访陈独秀先生！”落款 为“陈延年、陈乔年敬上”。 这件事一时间传为美谈。人们都说:陈独秀提倡民主,现在“德先生”真的光临他的府上了。 将门无犬子。和父亲讲“民主”的陈延年、陈乔年兄弟俩,后来都成长为中共优秀党员,为革命事业献出了年轻而宝贵的生命。